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| 1 | Hepatitis B genotypes: Relation to clinical outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia显示文摘AIM: To identify the most common hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype in Saudi Arabia, and correlate the prevailing genotypes with the clinical outcome of patients. METHODS: Patients were consecutively recruited from the hepatology clinics of two tertiary care referral cen- ters. Patients were categorized into 4 different groups: group 1, patients with hepatitis B and normal liver en- zymes; group 2, patients with hepatitis B and abnormal liver enzymes but without cirrhosis; group 3, patients with hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis; group 4, patients with hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. All patients had a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Ge- notyping of HBV was performed by nested PCR-mediated amplification of the target sequence and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotides. RESULTS: Seventy patients were enrolled in this study. They were predominantly male (72.9%) in their mid- forty’s (mean age 47 years). Forty-nine (70%) patients were hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) negative. The majority of patients (64%) acquired HBV through unknown risk factors. Hepatitis B genotyping revealed that 57 patients (81.4%) were genotype D, 1 patient (1.4%) had genotype A, 1 patient (1.4%) had geno- type C, and 4 patients (5.7%) had genotype E, while 7 patients (10%) had mixed genotype (4 patients ADG, 1 patient DE, 1 patient DF, and 1 patient ADFG). Based on univariate analysis of genotype D patients, significant predictors of advanced liver disease were age, gender, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, albumin,bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase (all P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis decreased hemoglobin (r = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.03; P = 0.001) and albumin levels (r = -0.004; 95% CI: -0.007 to -0.001; P = 0.002) were highly significant predictors of advanced liver disease. In patients with HBV genotype D, HBeAg negativity was found to increase across advancing stages of liver dis- ease (P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: This study highlights that the vast ma- jority of Saudi patients with chronic hepatitis B have genotype D. No correlation could be observed between the different genotypes and epidemiological or clinical factors. The relationship between genotype D and HBeAg status in terms of disease severity needs to be further elucidated in larger longitudinal studies. | Ayman A Abdo Badr M Al-Jarallah Faisal M Sanai Ahmad S Hersi Khalid Al-Swat Nahla A Azzam Manal Al-Dukhayil Amira Al-Maarik Faleh Z Al-Faleh | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，43： | 7 |
| 2 | RAPDanalysis of Fusarium isolates causing Mango Malformation disease inPakistan显示文摘 | ZAFAR I MEHBOOB R ALTAF D AHMAD S YUSUF Z | 2006 | World Journal Microbiology and Biotechnology2006，22，11： | 1 |
| 3 | Seminested PCR for diagnosis of candidemia: comparison with culture, antigen detection, and biochemical methods for species identification显示文摘 | Ahmad S Khan Z Mustafa A S | 2002 | J Clin Microbiol2002，40，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Oxidative stress and its association with cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure patients显示文摘 | Hambali Z Ahmad Z Arab S | 2011 | Indian J Nephrol2011，21，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Experimental and numerical investigation of 65 delta and 65/40 double-delta wings 显示文摘 | AL-GARNI Ahmad Z SAEED Farooq AL-GARNI Ab- dullah M | 2008 | Journal of Aircraft2008，45，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Pyro-GC/MS and thermal degradation studies in polystyrene-poly ( vinyl chloride ) blends显示文摘 | Ahmad Z AI-Sagheer F AI-Awadi N A | 2010 | Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis2010，87，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Discharge characteristics of sharp-crested circular side orifices in open channels显示文摘 | Hussain A Ahmad Z Asawa G L | 2010 | Flow Measurement and Instrumentation2010，21，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Garcinol - induced apop- tosis in prostate and pancreatic cancer cells is mediated by NF - KB signaling 显示文摘 | Ahmad A Wang Z Wojewoda C | 2011 | Front Biosci ( Elite Ed )2011，3，： | 1 |
| 9 | Fitting of statistical distributions to wind speed data in Malaysia 显示文摘 | Azami Z Ahmad M R | 2009 | European Journal of Scientific Research2009，26，1： | 1 |
| 10 | In vitro evolved non-aggregating and thermostable lipase:structural and thermodynamic investigation显示文摘 | Kamal M Z Ahmad S Molugu T R | 2011 | J Mol Biol2011，413，： | 1 |
| 11 | Creep behavior of epoxy-based adhesive reinforced with nanoparticles for bonded-in timber connection显示文摘 | Ahmad Z Ansell M Smedley D | 2012 | Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering2012，24，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Genotype-pheno- type relationships in patients with type I hyperlipoproteinemia 显示文摘 | Chokshi N Blumenschein SD Ahmad Z et ai | 2014 | J Clin Lipidol2014，8，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Plumbagin-induced apoptosis of human breast cancer is mediated by inactivation of NF-kappa B and Bcl-2显示文摘 | Ahmad A Banerjee S Wang Z | 2008 | J Cell Biochem2008，105，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Properties of polyamide-zirconia nanocomposites prepared from sol-gel technique显示文摘 | Sarwar M I S Zulfiqar Z Ahmad | 2009 | Polymer Composites2009，30，1： | 1 |
| 15 | A GA-based feature selection and parameter optimization of an ANN in diagnosing breast cancer 显示文摘 | AHMAD F ISA N A M HUSSAIN Z | 2014 | Pattern Analysis and Applications2014，18，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Biochemical and cellular toxi- cology of peroxynitrite : implications in cell death and autoimmune phenomenon 显示文摘 | Ahmad R Rasheed Z Ahsan H | 2009 | lmmunopharmacol Immunotoxicol2009，31，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of Plumbago zeylanica extract and certain curing agents on multidrug resistant bacteria of clinical origin显示文摘 | Beg A Z Ahmad I | 2000 | World J Mierobiol Biotechnol2000，16，89： | 1 |
| 18 | Chemical composition and biological activity of Citrus jambhiri Lush 显示文摘 | Dalia H Mahmoud Z E Ahmad T | 2011 | Food Chem2011，，127： | 1 |
| 19 | Thermostable Bacillus subtilis lipases:in vitro evolution and structural insight显示文摘 | Ahmad S Kamal M Z Sankaranarayanan R | 2008 | J Mol Biol2008，381，： | 1 |
| 20 | A single ZnO nanofiber-based highly sensitive amperometric glucose biosensor 显示文摘 | Ahmad M Pan C F Luo Z X | 2010 | Journal of Physical Chemistry C2010，114，20： | 1 |
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