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| 1 | A new solution for topology optimization problems with multiple loads:The guide-weight method显示文摘The guide-weight method is introduced to solve two kinds of topology optimization problems with multiple loads in this paper.The guide-weight method and its Lagrange multipliers' solution methods are presented first,and the Lagrange multipliers' soution method of problems with multiple constraints is improved by the dual method.Then the iterative formulas of the guide-weight method for topology optimization problems of minimum compliance and minimum weight are derived and coresponding numerical examples are calculated.The results of the examples exhibits that when the guide-weight method is used to solve topology optimization problems with multiple loads,it works very well with simple iterative formulas,and has fast convergence and good solution.After comparison with the results calculated by the SCP method in Ansys,one can conclude that the guide-weight method is an effective method and it provides a new way for solving topology optimization problems. | LIU XinJun LI ZhiDong CHEN Xiang | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，6： | 22 |
| 2 | A Review of Interaction Between Neon Flying Squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) and Oceanographic Variability in the North Pacific Ocean显示文摘The neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is a short-lived opportunistic species widely distributed in subtropical and temperate waters in the North Pacific Ocean. The life cycle of O. bartramii from planktonic eggs to nektonic adults is closely linked to oceanographic conditions. The fluctuations in O. bartramii abundance and distribution tend to increase and widen continuously due to the heavy influences of ocean-climate events on various spatio-temporal scales. In this study, we reviewed the interaction between O. bartramii and oceanography variability in the North Pacific with respect to large-scale climatic-oceanic phenomena including El Ni?o, La Ni?a, Kuroshio, Oyashio and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO), as well as regional environmental variables such as sea surface temperature(SST), sea surface height(SSH), sea surface salinity(SSS), chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) concentration, and plankton density. The population dynamics of O. bartramii is mediated mainly by meso- and large-scale climatic-oceanic events(e.g., Kuroshio and Oyashio Currents) rather than other local environmental conditions(e.g., SST and Chl-a concentration), because all of the oceanographic influences are imposed on the context of large-scale climate changes(e.g., PDO). An unstructured-grid finitevolume coastal ocean model coupled with an individual-based model is proposed to simulate relevant physical-biological oceanographic processes for identifying ocean-climate influence and predicting O. bartramii distribution and abundance in the North Pacific. Future research needs to be focused on improving the knowledge about early life history of O. bartramii and evaluating the relationship between marine physical environment and two separate passive drifting life stages of O. bartramii including free-floating eggs and planktonic paralarvae. | YU Wei CHEN Xinjun YI Qian TIAN Siquan | 2015 | Journal of Ocean University of China2015，14，4： | 23 |
| 3 | Impacts of changing scale on Getis-Ord Gi* hotspots of CPUE:a case study of the neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii)in the northwest Pacific Ocean显示文摘We examined the scale impacts on spatial hot and cold spots of CPUE for Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The original fishery data were tessellated to 18 spatial scales from 5′×5′ to 90′×90′ with a scale interval of 5′ to identify the local clusters. The changes in location, boundaries, and statistics regarding the Getis-Ord Gi* hot and cold spots in response to the spatial scales were analyzed in detail. Several statistics including Min, mean, Max, SD, CV, skewness, kurtosis, first quartile(Q1), median, third quartile(Q3), area and centroid were calculated for spatial hot and cold spots. Scaling impacts were examined for the selected statistics using linear, logarithmic, exponential, power law and polynomial functions. Clear scaling relations were identified for Max, SD and kurtosis for both hot and cold spots. For the remaining statistics, either a difference of scale impacts was found between the two clusters, or no clear scaling relation was identified. Spatial scales coarser than 30′ are not recommended to identify the local spatial patterns of fisheries because the boundary and locations of hot and cold spots at a coarser scale are significantly different from those at the original scale. | FENG Yongjiu CHEN Xinjun GAO Feng LIU Yang | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，5： | 23 |
| 4 | Error Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of a Parallel Robot with SCARA(Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm) Motions显示文摘Parallel robots with SCARA(selective compliance assembly robot arm) motions are utilized widely in the field of high speed pick-and-place manipulation. Error modeling for these robots generally simplifies the parallelogram structures included by the robots as a link. As the established error model fails to reflect the error feature of the parallelogram structures, the effect of accuracy design and kinematic calibration based on the error model come to be undermined. An error modeling methodology is proposed to establish an error model of parallel robots with parallelogram structures. The error model can embody the geometric errors of all joints, including the joints of parallelogram structures. Thus it can contain more exhaustively the factors that reduce the accuracy of the robot. Based on the error model and some sensitivity indices defined in the sense of statistics, sensitivity analysis is carried out. Accordingly, some atlases are depicted to express each geometric error's influence on the moving platform's pose errors. From these atlases, the geometric errors that have greater impact on the accuracy of the moving platform are identified, and some sensitive areas where the pose errors of the moving platform are extremely sensitive to the geometric errors are also figured out. By taking into account the error factors which are generally neglected in all existing modeling methods, the proposed modeling method can thoroughly disclose the process of error transmission and enhance the efficacy of accuracy design and calibration. | CHEN Yuzhen XIE Fugui LIU Xinjun ZHOU Yanhua | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2014，27，4： | 17 |
| 5 | Age and Growth of Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the East China and Yellow Seas Using Sectioned Otolith Samples显示文摘Although chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) is a primary pelagic fish species,we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas. Age was determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercial purse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawn-ing ground in May 2006. The difference between the assumed birth date of 1st April and date of capture was used to adjust the age determined from counting the number of complete translucent rings. The parameters of three commonly used growth models,the von Bertalanffy,Logistic and Gompertz models,were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC),the von Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model. The size-at-age and size-at-maturity values were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s,which was caused by heavy exploitation over the last few decades. | LI Gang CHEN Xinjun FENG Bo | 2008 | Journal of Ocean University of China2008，7，4： | 12 |
| 6 | Variations of oceanic fronts and their influence on the fishing grounds of Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific显示文摘Two predominant currents, the warm Kuroshio Current and the cold Oyashio Current, meet in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The dynamics of physical oceanographic structures in this region, including frontal zones and meandering eddies, result in a highly productive habitat that serves as a favorable feeding ground for various commercially important species. Neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, is an important oceanic squid, which is widely distributed in the North Pacific Ocean. Based on the catch data collected by Chinese squid jigging fleets and relevant environmental data, including sea surface temperature(SST) and fronts(represented by gradients of SST and thermocline) during 1998–2009, the variations of oceanic fronts and their influence on the fishing grounds of O. bartramii were evaluated, and the differences in distribution of fishing grounds of O. bartramii in 2000 and 2002 were compared by describing the differences in vertical temperature between 0–300 m. It was found that the preferred horizontal temperature gradient of SST for O. bartramii tended to be centered at 0.01–0.02°C/nm, which attracted nearly 80% of the total fishing effort, and the preferred horizontal temperature gradients at the 50 m and 105 m layers were mainly located at 0.01–0.03°C/nm, which accounted for more than 70% of the total fishing effort during August–October. The preferred vertical temperature gradient within the 0–50 m layer for O. bartramii tended to be centered at 0.15–0.25°C/m during August and September and at 0.10–0.15°C/m in October, implying that the mixed surface layer was distributed at depths of 0–50 m. It was concluded that the vertical temperature gradient was more important than the horizontal temperature gradient in playing a role in forming the fishing ground. The results improved our understanding of the spatial dynamics of the O. bartramii fishery. | CHEN Xinjun TIAN Siquan GUAN Wenjian | 2014 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014，33，4： | 12 |
| 7 | Effect of microbial mediated iron plaque reduction on arsenic mobility in paddy soil显示文摘The potential of microbial mediated iron plaque reduction, and associated arsenic (As) mobility were examined by iron reducing bacteria enriched from As contaminated paddy soil. To our knowledge, this is the first time to report the impact of microbial iron plaque reduction on As mobility. Iron reduction occurred during the inoculation of iron reducing enrichment culture in the treatments with iron plaque and ferrihydrite as the electron acceptors, respectively. The Fe(II) concentration with the treatment of anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonic acid (AQDS) and iron reducing bacteria increased much faster than the control. Arsenic released from iron plaque with the iron reduction, and a significant correlation between Fe(II) and total As in culture was observed. However, compared with control, the increasing rate of As was inhibited by iron reducing bacteria especially in the presence of AQDS. In addition, the concentrations of As(III) and As(V) in abiotic treatments were higher than those in the biotic treatments at day 30. These results indicated that both microbial and chemical reductions of iron plaque caused As release from iron plaque to aqueous phase, however, microbial iron reduction induced the formation of more crystalline iron minerals, leading to As sequestration. In addition, the presence of AQDS in solution can accelerate the iron reduction, the As release from iron plaque and subsequently the As retention in the crystalline iron mineral. Thus, our results suggested that it is possible to remediate As contaminated soils by utilizing iron reducing bacteria and AQDS. | WANG Xinjun CHEN Xueping YANG Jing WANG Zhaosu SUN Guoxin | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，11： | 11 |
| 8 | Importance of Weighting for Multi-Variable Habitat Suitability Index Model: A Case Study of Winter- Spring Cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean显示文摘Weighting values for different habitat variables used in multi-factor habitat suitability index (HSI) modeling reflect the relative influences of different variables on distribution of fish species. Using the winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean as an example, we evaluated the impact of different weighting schemes on the HSI models based on sea surface temperature, gradient of sea surface temperature and sea surface height. We compared differences in predicted fishing effort and HSI values resulting from different weighting. The weighting for different habitat variables could greatly influence HSI modeling and should be carefully done based on their relative importance in influencing the resource spatial distribution. Weighting in a multi-factor HSI model should be further studied and optimization methods should be developed to improve forecasting squid spatial distributions. | GONG Caixia CHEN Xinjun GAO Feng CHEN Yong | 2012 | Journal of Ocean University of China2012，11，2： | 11 |
| 9 | The effect of sea surface temperature increase on the potential habitat of Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean显示文摘In the Northwest Pacific Ocean, the squid jigging fisheries from China, Japan and other countries and regions have targeted the west winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) from August to November since the 1970 s. This squid is a short-lived ecological opportunist with a life-span of about one year,and its population is labile and recruitment variability is driven by the environment or climate change. This variability provides a challenge for ones to forecast the key habitats affected by climate change. The catch data of O. bartramii from Chinese squid jigging fishery and the satellite-derived sea surface temperature(SST) data are used in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from August to November of 1998 to 2004, the SST preferences of O.bartramii corresponding to high values of catch per fishing day(CPUE) are determined and monthly potential habitats are predicted using a histogram analysis of the SST data. The possible changes in the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean are estimated under four climate change scenarios based on the Fourth Assessment Report(AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, i.e., 0.5, 1, 2 and 4°C increases in the SST because of the climate change. The results reveal an obvious poleward shift of the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. | XU Jie CHEN Xinjun CHEN Yong DING Qi TIAN Siquan | 2016 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2016，35，2： | 10 |
| 10 | Effects of environmental variations on the abundance of western winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean显示文摘During 1995–2011, annual production of winter-spring cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii for Chinese squidjigging fishery has greatly fluctuated, which is closely related to the environmental conditions on the spawning and fishing grounds. To better understand how squid recruitment and abundance were influenced by ocean environmental conditions, biological and physical environmental variables including sea surface temperature(SST), SST anomaly(SSTA), chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration and the Kuroshio Current were examined during years with the highest(1999), intermediate(2005), and lowest(2009) catches. Catch per unit effort(CPUE) of the squid-jigging vessels was used as an indicator of squid abundance. The results indicated that high SST and Chl a concentration on the spawning ground in 1999 resulted in favorable incubation and feeding conditions for squid recruitment. Whereas the suitable spawning zone(SSZ) in 2009 shifted southward and coincided with low SST and Chl a concentration, resulting in a reduction in the squid recruitment. The small difference of SSZ area in the three years suggested the SSZ provided limited influences on the variability in squid recruitment. Furthermore,high squid abundance in 1999 and 2005 was associated with warm SSTA on the fishing ground. While the cool SSTA on the fishing ground in 2009 contributed to adverse habitat for the squid, leading to extremely low abundance. It was inferred that strengthened intensity of the Kuroshio force generally yielded favorable environmental conditions for O. bartramii. Future research are suggested to focus on the fundamental research on the early life stage of O. bartramii and mechanism of how the ocean-climate variability affects the squid abundance and spatial distribution by coupling physical model with squid biological process to explore transport path and abundance distribution. | YU Wei CHEN Xinjun CHEN Yong YI Qian ZHANG Yang | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，8： | 10 |
| 11 | Development and validation of an endoscopic images-based deep learning model for detection with nasopharyngeal malignancies显示文摘Background:Due to the occult anatomic location of the nasopharynx and frequent presence of adenoid hyperpla-sia,the positive rate for malignancy identification during biopsy is low,thus leading to delayed or missed diagnosis for nasopharyngeal malignancies upon initial attempt.Here,we aimed to develop an artificial intelligence tool to detect nasopharyngeal malignancies under endoscopic examination based on deep learning.Methods:An endoscopic images-based nasopharyngeal malignancy detection model(eNPM-DM)consisting of a fully convolutional network based on the inception architecture was developed and fine-tuned using separate training and validation sets for both classification and segmentation.Briefly,a total of 28,966 qualified images were collected.Among these images,27,536 biopsy-proven images from 7951 individuals obtained from January 1st,2008,to December 31st,2016,were split into the training,validation and test sets at a ratio of 7:1:2 using simple randomiza-tion.Additionally,1430 images obtained from January 1st,2017,to March 31st,2017,were used as a prospective test set to compare the performance of the established model against oncologist evaluation.The dice similarity coef-ficient(DSC)was used to evaluate the efficiency of eNPM-DM in automatic segmentation of malignant area from the background of nasopharyngeal endoscopic images,by comparing automatic segmentation with manual segmenta-tion performed by the experts.Results:All images were histopathologically confirmed,and included 5713(19.7%)normal control,19,107(66.0%)nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),335(1.2%)NPC and 3811(13.2%)benign diseases.The eNPM-DM attained an overall accuracy of 88.7%(95%confidence interval(CI)87.8%-89.5%)in detecting malignancies in the test set.In the prospective comparison phase,eNPM-DM outperformed the experts:the overall accuracy was 88.0%(95%CI 86.1%-89.6%)vs.80.5%(95%CI 77.0%-84.0%).The eNPM-DM required less time(40 s vs.110.0±5.8 min)and exhibited encouraging performance in automatic segmentation of nasopharyngeal malignant area from the background,with an average DSC of 0.78±0.24 and 0.75±0.26 in the test and prospective test sets,respectively.Conclusions:The eNPM-DM outperformed oncologist evaluation in diagnostic classification of nasopharyngeal mass into benign versus malignant,and realized automatic segmentation of malignant area from the background of nasopharyngeal endoscopic images. | Chaofeng Li Bingzhong Jing Liangru Ke Bin Li Weixiong Xia Caisheng He Chaonan Qian Chong Zhao Haiqiang Mai Mingyuan Chen Kajia Cao Haoyuan Mo Ling Guo Qiuyan Chen Linquan Tang Wenze Qiu Yahui Yu Hu Liang Xinjun Huang Guoying Liu Wangzhong Li Lin Wang Rui Sun Xiong Zou Shanshan Guo Peiyu Huang Donghua Luo Fang Qiu Yishan Wu Yijun Hua Kuiyuan Liu Shuhui Lv Jingjing Miao Yanqun Xiang Ying Sun Xiang Guo Xing Lv | 2018 | Cancer Communications2018，38，1： | 9 |
| 12 | Standardization of CPUE for Chilean Jack Mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) from Chinese Trawl Fleets in the High Seas of the Southeast Pacific Ocean显示文摘The generalized linear model(GLM) and generalized additive model(GAM) were applied to the standardization of catch per unit effort(CPUE) for Chilean jack mackerel from Chinese factory trawl fishing fleets in the Southeast Pacific Ocean from 2001 to 2010 by removing the operational,environmental,spatial and temporal impacts.A total of 9 factors were selected to build the GLM and GAM,i.e.,Year,Month,Vessel,La Ni a and El Ni o events(ELE),Latitude,Longitude,Sea surface temperature(SST),SST anomaly(SSTA),Nino3.4 index and an interaction term between Longitude and Latitude.The first 5 factors were significant components in the GLM,which in combination explained 27.34% of the total variance in nominal CPUE.In the stepwise GAM,all factors explained 30.78% of the total variance,with Month,Year and Vessel as the main factors influencing CPUE.The higher CPUE occurred during the period April to July at a SST range of 12-15℃ and a SSTA range of 0.2-1.0℃.The CPUE was significantly higher in normal years compared with that in La Ni a and El Ni o years.The abundance of Chilean jack mackerel declined during 2001 and 2010,with an increase in 2007.This work provided the relative abundance index of Chilean jack mackerel for stock assessment by standardizing catch and effort data of Chinese trawl fisheries and examined the influence of temporal,spatial,environmental and fisheries operational factors on Chilean jack mackerel CPUE. | LI Gang ZOU Xiaorong CHEN Xinjun ZHOU Yinqi ZHANG Min | 2013 | Journal of Ocean University of China2013，12，3： | 9 |
| 13 | Impacts of oceanographic factors on interannual variability of the winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid abundance in the Northwest Pacific Ocean显示文摘The neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii is an economically important species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The life cycle of O. bartramii is highly susceptible to climatic and oceanic factors. In this study, we have examined the impacts of climate variability and local biophysical environments on the interannual variability of the abundance of the western winter-spring cohort of O. bartramii over the period of 1995–2011. The results showed that the squid had experienced alternant positive and negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) over the past 17 years during which five El Ni?o and eight La Ni?a events occurred. The catch per unit effort(CPUE) was positively correlated with the PDO index(PDOI) at a one-year time lag. An abnormally warm temperature during the La Ni?a years over the positive PDO phase provided favorable oceanographic conditions for the habitats of O.bartramii, whereas a lower temperature on the fishing ground during the El Ni?o years over the negative PDO phase generally corresponded to a low CPUE. The same correlation was also found between CPUE and Chl a concentration anomaly. A possible explanation was proposed that the CPUE was likely related to the climateinduced variability of the large-scale circulation in the Northwest Pacific Ocean: high squid abundance often occurred in a year with a significant northward meander of the Kuroshio Current. The Kuroshio Current advected the warmer and food-rich waters into the fishing ground, and multiple meso-scale eddies arising from current instability enhanced the food retention on the fishing ground, all of which were favorable for the life stage development of the western squid stocks. Our results help better understand the potential process that the climatic and oceanographic factors affect the abundance of the winter-spring cohort of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. | YU Wei CHEN Xinjun CHEN Changsheng ZHANG Yu | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，10： | 9 |
| 14 | 声波激励的超小型纳机电系统磁电天线显示文摘当前的小型天线依赖于电磁波的谐振,因此天线的尺寸与电磁波波长相关。典型的天线尺寸大于波长的1/10,而进一步缩小天线尺寸在近十年来都是一个公开的挑战。介绍一种通过悬浮铁氧/压电薄膜异质结构的声波激励纳机械磁电天线。这种磁电天线通过其在声波谐振频率处的磁电效应接收和发射电磁波。磁电天线中的体声波激发铁磁薄膜的磁化振荡,产生电磁波的辐射;反之,天线感应电磁波的磁场,得到压电电压输出。这种磁电天线(尺寸仅为波长的千分之一)比现有小型天线的尺寸小1到2个数量级,但性能却没有降低,在便携式无线通信系统中具有很大的应用潜力。 | Tianxiang Nan Hwaider Lin Yuan Gao Alexei Matyushov Guoliang Yu Huaihao Chen Neville Sun Shengjun Wei Zhiguang Wang Menghui Li Xinjun Wang Amine Belkessam Rongdi Guo Brian Chen James Zhou Zhenyun Qian Yu Hui Matteo Rinaldi Michael E.McConney BrANDon M.Howe Zhongqiang Hu John G.Jones Gail J.Brown Nian Xiang Sun 张建强(翻译) 陈鼎鼎(审校) | 2017 | 通信对抗2017，36，4： | 8 |
| 15 | The impact of spatial scale on local Moran's I clustering of annual fishing effort for Dosidicus gigas offshore Peru显示文摘The spatial scale(?shing grid) of ?sheries research af fects the observed spatial patterns of?sheries resources such as catch-per-unit-ef fort(CPUE) and ?shing ef fort. We examined the scale impact of high value(HH) clusters of the annual ?shing ef fort for Dosidicus gigas of fshore Peru from 2009 to 2012.For a multi-scale analysis, the original commercial ?shery data were tessellated to twelve spatial scales from 6′ to 72′ with an interval of 6′. Under these spatial scales, D. gigas clusters were identi?ed using the Anselin Local Moran's I. Statistics including the number of points, mean CPUE, standard deviation(SD),skewness, kurtosis, area and centroid were calculated for these HH clusters. We found that the z-score of global Moran's I and the number of points for HH clusters follow a power law scaling relationship from2009 to 2012. The mean ef fort and its SD also follow a power law scaling relationship from 2009 to 2012.The skewness follows a linear scaling relationship in 2010 and 2011 but ?uctuates with spatial scale in2009 and 2012; kurtosis follows a logarithmic scale relationship in 2009, 2011 and 2012 but a linear scale relationship in 2010. Cluster area follows a power law scaling relationship in 2010 and 2012, a linear scaling relationship in 2009, and a quadratic scaling relationship in 2011. Based on the peaks of Moran's I indices and the multi-scale analysis, we conclude that the optimum scales are 12′ in 2009 ? 2011 and 6′ in 2012, while the coarsest allowable scales are 48′ in 2009, 2010 and 2012, and 60′ in 2011. Our research provides the best spatial scales for conducting spatial analysis of this pelagic species, and provides a better understanding of scaling behavior for the ?shing ef fort of D. gigas in the of fshore Peruvian waters. | FENG Yongjiu CHEN Lijuan CHEN Xinjun | 2019 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2019，37，1： | 8 |
| 16 | Projecting distributions of Argentine shortfin squid(Illex argentinus)in the Southwest Atlantic using a complex integrated model显示文摘We developed an approach that integrates generalized additive model(GAM) and neural network model(NNM)for projecting the distribution of Argentine shortfin squid(Illex argentinus). The data for this paper was based on commercial fishery data and relevant remote sensing environmental data including sea surface temperature(SST), sea surface height(SSH) and chlorophyll a(Chl a) from January to June during 2003 to 2011. The GAM was used to identify the significant oceanographic variables and establish their relationships with the fishery catch per unit effort(CPUE). The NNM with the GAM identified significant variables as input vectors was used for predicting spatial distribution of CPUE. The GAM was found to explain 53.8% variances for CPUE. The spatial variables(longitude and latitude) and environmental variables(SST, SSH and Chl a) were significant. The CPUE had nonlinear relationship with SST and SSH but a linear relationship with Chl a. The NNM was found to be effective and robust in the projection with low mean square errors(MSE) and average relative variances(ARV).The integrated approach can predict the spatial distribution and explain the migration pattern of Illex argentinus in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. | WANG Jintao CHEN Xinjun CHEN Yong | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，8： | 8 |
| 17 | Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Chinese yak breeds (Bos grunniens) using microsatellite markers显示文摘Nine Chinese yak breeds (Maiwa, Tianzhu White, Qinghai Plateau, Sibu, Zhongdian, Pali, Tibetan High Mountain, Jiulong, and Xin-jiang) and Gayal were analyzed by means of 16 microsatellite markers to determine the level of genetic variation within populations, genetic relationship between populations, and population structure for each breed. A total of 206 microsatellite alleles were observed. Mean F-statistics (0.056) for 9 yak breeds indicated that 94.4% of the genetic variation was observed within yak breeds and 5.6% of the genetic variation existed amongst breeds. The Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree was constructed based on Nei's standard genetic dis-tances and two clusters were obtained. The Gayal separated from the yaks far away and formed one cluster and 9 yak breeds were grouped together. The analysis of population structure for 9 yak breeds and the Gayal showed that they resulted in four clusters; one clus-ter includes yaks from Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province, one cluster combines Zhongdian, Maiwa, and Tianzhu White, and Jiulong and Xinjiang come into the third cluster. Pali was mainly in the first cluster (90%), Jiulong was mainly in the second cluster (87.1%), Zhongdian was primarily in the third cluster (83%), and the other yak breeds were distributed in two to three clusters. The Gayal was positively left in the fourth cluster (99.3%). | Guixiang Zhang Weisheng Chen Ming Xue Zhigang Wang Hong Chang Xu Han Xinjun Liao Donglei Wang | 2008 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2008，35，4： | 8 |
| 18 | Relationship Between Beak Morphological Variables and Body Size and Mantle Length of Male and Female Argentine Shortfin Squid(Illex argentinus)显示文摘Beak of cephalopod is an important hard tissue.Understanding the morphology of beak can yield critical information on the role of cephalopods in the ecosystem.The south patagonic stock of the Argentine shortfin squid,Illex argentinus,is not only one of the most important fishing targets,but also one of the most important species in the marine eco-system of the southwest Atlantic.A total of 430 samples of I.argentinus,including 229 females 103-346mm in mantle length(ML) and 201 males 140-298mm in ML,were collected from the area off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Argentinean waters by Chinese squid jigging vessels during February to May 2007.The morphology of their beaks was evaluated.The relationships between beak morphological variables and ML differed significantly among males and females.They could be best described by logarithmic functions for females and linear functions for males except for upper wing length(UWL) and lower rostrum length(LRL),which followed exponential functions in their relationships with ML.The results showed the sexual dimorphism in the relationship between ML and beak morphology for the south patagonic stock of I.argentinus.However,no significant difference was found between males and females in the relationships of beak morphological variables(except for UWL) versus body weight(BW),suggesting that the relationship between beak morphological variables and BW can be used for estimating the biomass consumed by their predators. | CHEN Xinjun LU Huajie LIU Bilin FANG Zhou | 2012 | Journal of Ocean University of China2012，11，4： | 7 |
| 19 | Y-chromosome evidence for no independent origin of modern human in China显示文摘East Asia is one of the few regions in the world where a large number of human fossils have been unearthed. The continuity of hominid fossils in East Asia, particularly in China has been presented as strong evidence supporting an independent origin of modern humans in this area. To search for such evidence of a possible independent origin of modern humans in China, a total of 9988 male individuals were sampled across China. Three Y-chromosome biallelic markers (M89, M130 and YAP), which were located at the non-re-combinant region of Y-chromosome, were typed among the samples. Our result showed that all the individuals carry a mutation at one of the three loci. The three mutations (M89T, M130T, YAP+) coalesce to another mutation (M168T), which was originally derived from Africa about 31000 to 79000 years ago. In other words, all Y-chromosome samples from China, with no exception, were originally derived from a lineage of African origin. Hence, we conclude that even a very minor contribution of in situ hominid origin in China cannot be supported by the Y-chromosome evidence. | KE Yuehai SU Bing LI Hongyu CHEN Lifeng QI Chunjian GUO Xinjun HUANG Wei JIN Jianzhong LU Daru JIN Li | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，11： | 7 |
| 20 | Response of winter cohort abundance of Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus to the ENSO events显示文摘The Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus is an economically important species with one year lifespan,which is significantly influenced by climatic and environmental variability. According to the fishery data of the winter cohort of T. pacificus from 2003 to 2012, as well as environmental data and the Oceanic Ni?o index(ONI,which was defined by the sea surface temperature(SST) anomaly in the Ni?o 3.4 region), variations in the SST,chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration, suitable spawning area(SSA) and sea surface height anomaly(SSHA) on the spawning ground of T. pacificus were examined under the El Ni?o and La Ni?a conditions. Their influences on squid abundance(defined by catch per unit effort, CPUE) were further assessed. The results showed that seasonal changes were found in SST, Chl a and SSA on the spawning ground of T. pacificus. Correlation analysis suggested that annual CPUE was significantly positively correlated with Chl a and SSA(p<0.05), but had insignificant relationship with SST(p>0.05). Moreover, the El Ni?o and La Ni?a events tended to dominate the changes of SSA and Chl a concentration in the key area between 25°–29°N and 122.5°–130.5°E, driving the variability of squid abundance. However, this influence varied with the intensity of each anomalous climatic event: the weak El Ni?o event occurred, the spawning ground was occupied by waters with enlarged SSA but with extremely low Chl a concentration, leading to low squid recruitment, the CPUE then decreased; the moderate intensity of El Ni?o event resulted in shrunk SSA but with high Chl a concentration on the spawning ground, the squid recruitment and CPUE increased; the moderate intensity of La Ni?a events yielded elevated SSA and high Chl a concentration on the spawning ground, the squid recruitment and CPUE dramatically increased. Our findings suggested that the ENSO events played crucial effects on the incubating and feeding conditions of the winter cohort of T. pacificus during the spawning season and ultimately affected its abundance. | YU Wei ZHANG Yang CHEN Xinjun YI Qian QIAN Weiguo | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，6： | 7 |
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