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| 1 | Hepatitis B and C virus-induced hepatitis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response显示文摘AIM: To investigate the co-incidence of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response(UPR) in hepatitis B(HBV) and C(HCV) infected hepatocytes.METHODS: We performed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy on 10 liver biopsies from HBV and HCV patients and tissue microarrays of HBV positive liver samples. We used specific antibodies for LC3β, cleaved caspase-3, BIP(GRP78), and XBP1 to detect autophagy, apoptosis and UPR, respectively. AntiHCV NS3 and anti-HBs antibodies were also used to confirm infection. We performed triple blind counting of events to determine the co-incidence of autophagy(LC3β punctuate), apoptosis(cleaved caspase-3), and unfolded protein response(GRP78) with HBV and HCV infection in hepatocytes. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software for Windows(Version 16 SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, United States). P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney test to compare incidence rates for autophagy, apoptosis, and UPR in HBV- and HCV-infected cells and adjacent noninfected cells.RESULTS: Our results showed that infection of hepatocytes with either HBV and HCV induces significant increase(P < 0.001) in apoptosis(cleavage of caspase-3), autophagy(LC3β punctate), and UPR(increase in GRP78 expression) in the HCV- and HBVinfected cells, as compared to non-infected cells of the same biopsy sections. Our tissue microarray immunohistochemical expression analysis of LC3β in HBV^(Neg) and HBV^(Pos) revealed that majority of HBVinfected hepatocytes display strong positive stainingfor LC3β. Interestingly, although XBP splicing in HBVinfected cells was significantly higher(P < 0.05), our analyses show a slight increase of XBP splicing was in HCV-infected cells(P > 0.05). Furthermore, our evaluation of patients with HBV and HCV infection based on stage and grade of the liver diseases revealed no correlation between these pathological findings and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that HCV and HBV infection activates apoptosis, autophagy and UPR, but slightly differently by each virus. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interconnections between these pathways in relation to pathology of HCV and HBV in the liver tissue. | Behzad Yeganeh Adel Rezaei Moghadam Javad Alizadeh Emilia Wiechec Seyed Moayed Alavian Mohammad Hashemi Bita Geramizadeh Afshin Samali Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Martin Post Payam Peymani Kevin M Coombs Saeid Ghavami | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，47： | 13 |
| 2 | Effects of 2 education methods on the knowledge,attitude,and practice of women high school teachers in prevention of cervical cancer显示文摘 | Seydi S Alizadeh S M | 2004 | Cancer Nursing2004，27，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Robust control with unknown dynamic estimation for multi-axial piezoelectric actuators with coupled dynamics显示文摘 | Hamed G Rezaei S M Zareinejad M | 2012 | Comptes Rendus Mecanique2012，340，9： | 1 |
| 4 | Development and evaluation of a novel biodegradable film made from chitosan and cinna essential oil with low affinity toward water显示文摘 | Ojagh S M Rezaei M Razavi S H | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 5 | Analysis and optimization of a composite leaf spring 显示文摘 | Mahmood M S Davood Rezaei | 2003 | Composite Structures2003，60，： | 1 |
| 6 | Growth Inhibition and Morphological Alterations of Aspergillus Niger by Essential Oils from Thymus Eriocalyx and Thymus X-Porlock显示文摘 | Rasooli I Rezaei M B Allameh A | 2006 | Food Control2006，17，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Comparison of microwave-assisted hydro-distillation with the traditional hydro-distillation method in the extraction of essential oils from Thymus vulgaris L 显示文摘 | Golmakani M T Rezaei K | 2008 | Food Chemistry2008，109，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Slew rate enhancement method for folded-cascode amplifiers显示文摘 | Rezaei M Zhian-Tabasy E Ashtiani S J | 2008 | Electronics Letters2008，44，21： | 1 |
| 9 | Norm Divergence,Opportu nity Structure and Utilization of Self Employed Im migrants' Qualifications显示文摘 | REZAEI S GOLI M | 2009 | Journal of Social Sci ence2009，5，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Ultra-sonogra- phy-guided percotaneous nephroJithotomy in the flank position ver- sus fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous neph-rolithotomy in the prone position: a comparative study 显示文摘 | Karami H Rezaei A Mohammadhosseini M | 2010 | J Endourol2010，24，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Overexpression of factor inhibiting HIF- 1 enhances vessel maturation and tumor growth via platelet - derived growth factor -C显示文摘 | KUZMANOV A WIELOCKX B REZAEI M | 2012 | Int J Cancer2012，131，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Effect of depressor septi nasi muscle activity on nasal lengthening with time显示文摘 | Beiraghi-Toosi A Rezaei E Jabbari Nooghabi M | 2013 | Aesthetic Plast Surg2013，37，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Synthesis of novel spiropyrrolidine/pyrrolizine - oxindole scaffolds through 1,3 - dipolar cycloadditions 显示文摘 | Ghandi M Yari A Rezaei S J T Taheri A | 2009 | Tetrahedron Lett2009，50，： | 1 |
| 14 | High-strength and highly-uniform composites produced by com- pocasting and cold rolling processes 显示文摘 | AMIRKHANLOU S REZAEI M R NIROUMAND B | 2011 | Materials and Design2011，32，： | 1 |
| 15 | Relation of biogenic amines and bacterial changes in ice-stored southern Caspian kutum(Rutilus Frisii Kutum)显示文摘 | Rezaei M Jafari H Sahari M A | 2007 | Journal of Food Biochemistry2007，31，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Sensitive spcctropbotometric determination of formaldehyde by inhibition of the malachite greensulfite reaction 显示文摘 | AFKHAMI A REZAEI M | 1999 | Microchcmical Journal1999，63，： | 1 |
| 17 | Enlargement of absolute photonic band gap in modified 2D anisotropic an- nular photonic crystals显示文摘 | KHALKHALI T F REZAEI B KALAF M | 2011 | Opt Commun2011，284，13： | 1 |
| 18 | Thermoelectrical Buckling of Piezoelectric Functionally Graded Meterial Timoshenko Beams显示文摘 | Kiani Y Rezaei M Taheri S | 2011 | International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design2011，7，18： | 1 |
| 19 | Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the flank position versus fluoroscopy-guided pereuta- neous nephrolithotomy in the prone position: a compar- ative study显示文摘 | Karami H Rezaei A Mohammadhosseini M | 2010 | J Endourol2010，24，8： | 1 |
| 20 | A novel active bionanocomposite film incorporating rosemary essential oil and nanoclay into chitosan显示文摘 | Abdollahi M Rezaei M Farzib G | | 0，，： | 1 |
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