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| 1 | Colorectal cancer:Metastases to a single organ显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide. In CRC patients, metastases are the main cause of cancer-related mortality. In a group of metastatic CRC patients, the metastases are limited to a single site(solitary organ); the liver and lungs are the most commonly involved sites. When metastatic disease is limited to the liver and/or lungs, the resectability of the metastatic lesions will dictate the management approach and the outcome. Less commonly, the site of solitary organ CRC metastasis is the peritoneum. In these patients, cytoreduction followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy may improve the outcome. Rarely, CRC involves other organs, such as the brain, bone, adrenals and spleen, as the only site of metastatic disease. There are limited data to guide clinical practice in these cases. Here, we have reviewed the disease characteristics, management approaches and prognosis based on the metastatic disease site in patients with CRC with metastases to a single organ. | Sina Vatandoust Timothy J Price Christos S Karapetis | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，41： | 30 |
| 2 | Cardiac rehabilitation and exercise therapy in the elderly: Should we invest in the aged?显示文摘冠的心疾病(CHD ) 是世界范围的死亡的领先的原因并且在病人之中变得逐渐地流行 65 岁以上。老病人在为复杂并发症的更高的风险并且在一个心血管的事件以后加速物理 deconditioning,特别与他们的更年轻的对应物相比。最后几十年是到与 CHD 在病人之中在死亡,锻练能力,心理风险因素,发炎,和肥胖上表明了心脏的康复(CR ) 和锻练治疗的有益的效果的多重研究的厕所。不幸地,这个领域里的可得到的数据的重要部分与更年轻的病人相关。可行解释是更老的病人在为以病人开始并且延长到医生的多重原因的这些节目是非常未被充分代表的。在这篇文章,我们将考察 CR 节目的好处在之中老,以及一些妨碍他们的参予的障碍。 | Arthur R Menezes Carl J Lavie Richard V Milani Ross A Arena Timothy S Church | 2012 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2012，9，1： | 25 |
| 3 | Passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and assessment of clinical outcomes显示文摘AIM To assess for passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts(TIPS) and compare outcomes with maximally dilated TIPS.METHODS Polytetrafluoroethylene covered TIPS(Viatorr) from July 2002 to December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed at two hospitals in a single institution. Two hundred and thirty patients had TIPS maximally dilated to 10 mm(m TIPS), while 43 patients who were at increased risk for hepatic encephalopathy(HE), based on clinical evaluation or low pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient(PSG), had 10 mm TIPS sub-maximally dilated to 8 mm(sm TIPS). Group characteristics(age, gender, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, post-TIPS PSG and clinical outcomes were compared between groups, including clinical success(ascites or varices), primary patency,primary assisted patency, and severe post-TIPS HE. A subset of fourteen patients with sm TIPS underwent follow-up computed tomography imaging after TIPS creation, and were grouped based on time of imaging(< 6 mo and > 6 mo). Change in diameter and crosssectional area were measured with 3D imaging software to evaluate for passive expansion.RESULTS Patient characteristics were similar between the sm TIPS and m TIPS groups, except for pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient, which was lower in the sm TIPS group(19.4 mm Hg ± 6.8 vs 22.4 mm Hg ± 7.1, P = 0.01). Primary patency and primary assisted patency between sm TIPS and m TIPS was not significantly different(P = 0.64 and 0.55, respectively). Four of the 55 patients(7%) with sm TIPS required TIPS reduction for severe refractory HE, while this occurred in 6 of the 218 patients(3%) with m TIPS(P = 0.12). For the 14 patients with follow-up computed tomography(CT) imaging, the median imaging follow-up was 373 d. There was an increase in median TIPS diameter, median percent diameter change, median area, and median percent area change in patients with CT follow-up greater than 6 mo after TIPS placement compared to follow-up within 6 mo(8.45 mm, 5.58%, 56.04 mm^2, and 11.48%, respectively, P = 0.01).CONCLUSION Passive expansion of sm TIPS does occur but clinical outcomes of sm TIPS and m TIPS were similar. Sub-maximal dilation can prevent complications related to overshunting in select patients. | Michael C Hsu Charles N Weber S William Stavropoulos Timothy W Clark Scott O Trerotola Richard D Shlansky Goldberg Michael C Soulen Gregory J Nadolski | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，12： | 11 |
| 4 | 恶性胶质瘤的治疗:综合方案的进展显示文摘第一部分 中枢神经系统肿瘤(central nerous system tumors)
一、流行病学特征(epidemiological features)
中枢神经系统原发肿瘤,从高度恶性胶质瘤和原始神经外胚层肿瘤到良性脑膜瘤、神经瘤及垂体腺瘤,可表现出不同的生物学行为。根据来自美国脑肿瘤注册中心(Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States,CBTRUS)的最新报告,每年新诊断的原发脑恶性肿瘤的人数为7.30/10万人。美国脑肿瘤注册中心2005年报告新诊断的中枢神经系统原发肿瘤患者为21690例,死亡12760例。胶质瘤占神经系统原发肿瘤的42%,占恶性肿瘤的77%。胶质瘤起源于不同的组织类型,包括少突胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、混合型少突星形细胞瘤,表现为不同的恶性程度,而且均具有向高度恶性转化的趋势,其中多形性胶质母细胞瘤(glioblasto mamultiforme,GBM)为成人中最常见的并具有浸润性的原发脑肿瘤。 | Lynn S Ashby(著) Timothy C Ryken(著) 刘暌(译) 只达石(校) | 2006 | 中国现代神经疾病杂志2006，6，6： | 8 |
| 5 | Refining pathological evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus显示文摘AIM:To assess tumour regression grade(TRG)and lymph node downstaging to help define patients who benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS:Two hundred and eighteen consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal junction treated with surgery alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery between 2005and 2011 at a single institution were reviewed.Triplet neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of platinum,fluoropyrimidine and anthracycline was considered for operable patients(World Health Organization performance status≤2)with clinical stage T2-4 N0-1.Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)was assessed using TRG,as described by Mandard et al.In addition lymph node downstaging was also assessed.Lymph node downstaging was defined by cN1 at diagnosis:assessed radiologically(computed tomography,positron emission tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography),then pathologically recorded as N0 after surgery;ypN0 if NAC given prior to surgery,or pN0if surgery alone.Patients were followed up for 5 years post surgery.Recurrence was defined radiologically,with or without pathological confirmation.An association was examined between t TRG and lymph node downstaging with disease free survival(DFS)and a comprehensive range of clinicopathological characteristics.RESULTS:Two hundred and eighteen patients underwent esophageal resection during the study interval with a mean follow up of 3 years(median follow up:2.552,95%CI:2.022-3.081).There was a 1.8%(n=4)inpatient mortality rate.One hundred and thirty-six(62.4%)patients received NAC,with 74.3%(n=101)of patients demonstrating some signs of pathological tumour regression(TRG 1-4)and 5.9%(n=8)having a complete pathological response.Forty four point one percent(n=60)had downstaging of their nodal disease(cN1 to ypN0),compared to only 15.9%(n=13)that underwent surgery alone(pre-operatively overstaged:cN1 to pN0),(P<0.0001).Response to NAC was associated with significantly increased DFS(mean DFS;TRG 1-2:5.1years,95%CI:4.6-5.6 vs TRG 3-5:2.8 years,95%CI:2.2-3.3,P<0.0001).Nodal down-staging conferred a significant DFS advantage for those patients with a poor primary tumour response to NAC(median DFS;TRG 3-5 and nodal down-staging:5.533 years,95%CI:3.558-7.531 vs TRG 3-5 and no nodal down-staging:1.114 years,95%CI:0.961-1.267,P<0.0001).CONCLUSION:Response to NAC in the primary tumour and in the lymph nodes are both independently associated with improved DFS. | Fergus Noble Luke Nolan Adrian C Bateman James P Byrne Jamie J Kelly Ian S Bailey Donna M Sharland Charlotte N Rees Timothy J Iveson Tim J Underwood Andrew R Bateman | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 4 |
| 6 | 暴发性的 Clostridium 顽固感染: 有优先的阑尾切除术的一个协会?显示文摘 AIM: To examine if fulminant Clostridium difficile infections(CDI) resulting in colectomy was associated with a prior appendectomy and whether any association affected the severity of the disease.METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent colectomy for CDI between 2001 and 2011.The appendectomy rate was calculated based on the absence of an appendix on the surgical pathology report.This was compared to an established lifetime risk of appendectomy in the general population.A chart review was performed for mortality and traditional markers of CDI disease severity.Fisher’s exact test was used to calculate the likelihood of association between prior appendectomy,mortality,and clinical markers of severity of infection.RESULTS: Fifty-five specimens were identified with pseudomembranous colitis consistent with CDI.All patients had a clinical history consistent with CDI and 45 of 55(81.8%) specimens also had microbiological confirmation of CDI.Appendectomy was observed in 24 of 55 specimens(0.436,99%CI: 0.280-0.606).This was compared to the lifetime incidence of appendectomy of 17.6%.The rate of appendectomy in our sample was significantly higher than would be expected in the general population(43.6% vs 17.6%,P < 0.01).Disease severity did not differ based on presence or absence of an appendix and no association was detected between prior appendectomy and mortality(OR = 0.588,95%CI: 0.174-1.970).CONCLUSION: The rate of appendectomy in the patients whose CDI led to colectomy,was significantly higher than the calculated lifetime risk,suggesting an association of appendectomy and severe CDI resulting in colectomy.Larger prospective studies are needed to assess any potential causal relationships affecting fulminant CDI. | Jesse Clanton Michael Subichin Katherine Drolshagen Timothy Daley Michael S Firstenberg | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2013，5，8： | 4 |
| 7 | An apple rootstock overexpressing a peach CBF gene alters growth and flowering in the scion but does not impact cold hardiness or dormancy显示文摘The C-repeat binding factor(CBF)transcription factor is involved in responses to low temperature and water deficit in many plant species.Overexpression of CBF genes leads to enhanced freezing tolerance and growth inhibition in many species.The overexpression of a peach CBF(PpCBF1)gene in a transgenic line of own-rooted apple(Malus×domestica)M.26 rootstock(T166)trees was previously reported to have additional effects on the onset of dormancy and time of spring budbreak.In the current study,the commercial apple cultivar‘Royal Gala’(RG)was grafted onto either non-transgenic M.26 rootstocks(RG/M.26)or transgenic M.26(T166)rootstocks(RG/T166)and field grown for 3 years.No PpCBF1 transcript was detected in the phloem or cambium of RG scions grafted on T166 rootstocks indicating that no graft transmission of transgene mRNA had occurred.In contrast to own-rooted T166 trees,no impact of PpCBF1 overexpression in T166 rootstocks was observed on the onset of dormancy,budbreak or non-acclimated leaf-cold hardiness in RG/T166 trees.Growth,however,as measured by stem caliper,current-year shoot extension and overall height,was reduced in RG/T166 trees compared with RG/M.26 trees.Although flowering was evident in both RG/T166 and RG/M.26 trees in the second season,the number of trees in flower,the number of shoots bearing flowers,and the number of flower clusters per shoot was significantly higher in RG/M.26 trees than RG/T166 trees in both the second and third year after planting.Elevated levels of RGL(DELLA)gene expression were observed in RG/T166 trees and T166 trees,which may play a role in the reduced growth observed in these tree types.A model is presented indicating how CBF overexpression in a rootstock might influence juvenility and flower abundance in a grafted scion. | Timothy S Artlip Michael E Wisniewski Rajeev Arora John L Norelli | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Rilotumumab in combination with epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine as first-line treatment for gastric or oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma: an open-label, dose de-escalation phase 1b study and a double-blind, randomised phase 2 study显示文摘 | Timothy Iveson Ross C Donehower Irina Davidenko Sergey Tjulandin Andrzej Deptala Mark Harrison Somanath Nirni Kuntegowdanahalli Lakshmaiah Anne Thomas Yizhou Jiang Min Zhu Rui Tang Abraham Anderson Sarita Dubey Kelly S Oliner Elwyn Loh | 2014 | Lancet Oncology2014，，9： | 3 |
| 9 | Neuromuscular electrical stimulation and testosterone did not influence heterotopic ossification size after spinal cor injury: A case series显示文摘Neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES) and testosterone replacement therapy(TRT) are effective rehabilitation strategies to attenuate muscle atrophy and evoke hypertrophy in persons with spinal cord injury(SCI). However both interventions might increase heterotopic ossification(HO) size in SCI patients. We present the results of two men with chronic traumatic motor complete SCI who also had pre-existing HO and participated in a study investigating the effects of TRT or TRT plus NMES resistance training(RT) on body composition. The 49-year-old male, Subject A, has unilateral HO in his right thigh. The 31-year-old male, Subject B, has bilateral HO in both thighs. Both participants wore transdermal testosterone patches(4-6 mg/d) daily for 16 wk. Subject A also underwent progressive NMES-RT twice weekly for 16 wk. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired prior to and post intervention. Cross-sectional areas(CSA) of thewhole thigh and knee extensor skeletal muscles, femoral bone, and HO were measured. In Subject A(NMES-RT + TRT), the whole thigh skeletal muscle CSA increased by 10%, the knee extensor CSA increased by 17%, and the HO + femoral bone CSA did not change. In Subject B(TRT), the whole thigh skeletal muscle CSA increased by 13% in the right thigh and 6% in the left thigh. The knee extensor CSA increased by 7% in the right thigh and did not change in the left thigh. The femoral bone and HO CSAs in both thighs did not change. Both the TRT and NMES-RT + TRT protocols evoked muscle hypertrophy without stimulating the growth of preexisting HO. | Pamela D Moore Ashraf S Gorgey Rodney C Wade Refka E Khalil Timothy D Lavis Rehan Khan Robert A Adler | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2016，4，7： | 3 |
| 10 | Meeting report:a hard look at the state of enamel research显示文摘The Encouraging Novel Amelogenesis Models and Ex vivo cell Lines(ENAMEL) Development workshop was held on 23 June 2017 at the Bethesda headquarters of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research(NIDCR). Discussion topics included model organisms, stem cells/cell lines, and tissues/3 D cell culture/organoids. Scientists from a number of disciplines,representing institutions from across the United States, gathered to discuss advances in our understanding of enamel, as well as future directions for the field. | ophir d klein olivier duverger wendy shaw rodrigo s lacruz derk joester janet moradian-oldak megan k pugach j timothy wright sarah e millar ashok b kulkarni john d bartlett thomas gh diekwisch pamela den besten james p simmer | 2017 | International Journal of Oral Science2017，9，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Dysphagia after vertical sleeve gastrectomy: Evaluation of risk factors and assessment of endoscopic intervention显示文摘AIM To evaluate the risks of medical conditions, evaluate gastric sleeve narrowing, and assess hydrostatic balloon dilatation to treat dysphagia after vertical sleeve gastrectomy(VSG).METHODS VSG is being performed more frequently worldwide as a treatment for medically-complicated obesity, and dysphagia is common post-operatively. We hypothesize that post-operative dysphagia is related to underlying medical conditions or narrowing of the gastric sleeve. This is a retrospective, single institution study of consecutive patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy from 2013 to 2015. Patients with previous bariatric procedures were excluded. Narrowing of a gastric sleeve includes: inability to pass a 9.6 mm gastroscope due to stenosis or sharp angulation or spiral hindering its passage.RESULTS Of 400 consecutive patients, 352 are included; the prevalence of dysphagia is 22.7%; 33 patients(9.3%) have narrowing of the sleeve with 25(7.1%) having sharp angulation or a spiral while 8(2.3%) have a stenosis. All 33 patients underwent balloon dilatation of the gastric sleeve and dysphagia resolved in 13 patients(39%); 10 patients(30%) noted resolution of dysphagia after two additional dilatations. In a multivariate model, medical conditions associated with post-operative dysphagia include diabetes mellitus, symptoms of esophageal reflux, a low whole blood thiamine level, hypothyroidism, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and use of opioids.CONCLUSION Narrowing of the gastric sleeve and gastric sleeve stenosis are common after VSG. Endoscopic balloon dilatations of the gastric sleeve resolves dysphagia in 69% of patients. | Anand Nath Sayali Yewale Tung Tran John S Brebbia Timothy R Shope Timothy R Koch | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，47： | 3 |
| 12 | Complementary roles of interventional radiology and therapeutic endoscopy in gastroenterology显示文摘Acute upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding, enteral feeding, cecostomy tubes and luminal strictures are some of the common reasons for gastroenterology service. While surgery was initially considered the main treatment modality, the advent of both therapeutic endoscopy and interventional radiology have resulted in the paradigm shift in the management of these conditions. In this paper, we discuss the patient's work up, indications, and complementary roles of endoscopic and angiographic management in the settings of gastrointestinal bleeding, enteral feeding, cecostomy tube placement and luminal strictures. These conditions often require multidisciplinary approaches involving a team of interventional radiologists, gastroenterologists and surgeons. Further, the authors also aim to describe how the fields of interventional radiology and gastrointestinal endoscopy are overlapping and complementary in the management of these complex conditions. | David M Ray Indu Srinivasan Shou-jiang Tang Andreas S Vilmann Peter Vilmann Timothy C McCowan Akash M Patel | 2017 | World Journal of Radiology2017，9，3： | 2 |
| 13 | 食物是良药:将食物和营养融入医疗保健服务的行动显示文摘Sarah Downer及其同事探讨在医疗保健服务体系中将食品和营养纳入膳食相关疾病的预防、管理和治疗的新举措。与膳食相关的慢性病的全球流行,促使人们尝试将改善饮食作为患者医疗和护理的正规举措。 | Sarah Downer Seth A Berkowitz Timothy S Harlan Dana Lee Olstad Dariush Mozaffarian 冯琳(译) 武阳丰(校) | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Metastatic recurrence to a solitary lymph node four years after hepatic lobectomy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘This report describes a patient that developed recurrent metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) to a suprapancreatic lymph node four years after being treated for primary HCC via complete left hepatectomy. Metastatic HCC was proven by pathologic confirmation. The report addresses the role of surgical resection as a treatment modality for recurrent HCC to solitary lymph nodes. The role of biological chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment is also addressed. | Michael L Caparelli Nathan J Roberts Timothy S Braverman Robert M Stevens Edward R Broun Shyam Allamaneni | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，23： | 2 |
| 15 | Chemotherapy options in elderly and frail patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MRC FOCUS2): an open-label, randomised factorial trial显示文摘 | Matthew T Seymour Lindsay C Thompson Harpreet S Wasan Gary Middleton Alison E Brewster Stephen F Shepherd M Sinead O’Mahony Timothy S Maughan Mahesh Parmar Ruth E Langley | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9779： | 2 |
| 16 | Foreign Country Priorities in the Internationalization Process: A Measure and an Exploratory Test on British Firms 显示文摘 | Clark Timothy Derek S | 2001 | International Business Review2001，10，3： | 1 |
| 17 | On acoustic scattering by a shell-covered seafloor显示文摘 | | 2000 | J Acoust Soc Am2000，108，2： | 1 |
| 18 | A survey of the marching cubes algo-rithm显示文摘 | Timothy S N Hong Y | 2006 | Computer & Graphics2006，30，： | 1 |
| 19 | Day 4 estradiol levels predict pregnancy success in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF显示文摘 | John Y Phelps Adam S Levine Timothy N | 1998 | Fertil Steril1998，69，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Acute applications of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation显示文摘 | Timothy L Henry K Nicholas S | 2003 | Chest2003，124，： | 1 |
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