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| 1 | Impacts of Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies on Indo-East Asian summer monsoon-ENSO relationship显示文摘In this study, the effect of the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) sea surface temperature (SST) variation in inducing the circulation anomaly in the Indo-East Asian monsoon (IEAM) region is investigated through the observational analysis and numerical model-ing. The observational analysis shows that the TNA summer SST is positively correlated with the preceding winter Ni?o3 SST and is simultaneously correlated with the circulation in the IEAM region. The simultaneous circulation pattern resembles that of the ENSO-decaying summer. The positive correlation between the TNA SST and the Ni?o3 region SST is primarily ascribed to the surface latent heat flux and short wave radiation anomalies induced by the ENSO teleconnection. Coupled general circulation model experiments show that, while including the air-sea coupling in the Atlantic, the model can reproduce the main features of the IEAM circulation, such as an anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific (WNP) and southerly anomalies over southeast China. While the climatological Atlantic SST is prescribed, the circulation over the WNP displays a significantly dif-ferent pattern, with an eastward migration of the WNP anticyclone and the associated northerly anomalies over southeast China. It is argued that anticyclonic shear and Ekman divergence associated with the atmospheric Kelvin wave response to the TNA warm SSTA forcing is the primary mechanism for the generation of the anomalous anticyclone in WNP. The results presented in this study provide a teleconnection pattern between TNA and short-term climate variability in IEAM region. | RONG XinYao ZHANG RenHe LI Tim | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，22： | 30 |
| 2 | Efficacy of Chinese medicine Yi-gan-kang granule in prophylaxis and treatment of liver fibrosis in rats显示文摘AIM: To investigate the efficacy of a Chinese medicine, Yi-gan-kang granule (granules for benefiting the liver), in prophylaxis and treatment of liver fibrosis in rats and its possible mechanism.METHODS: One hundred and forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups (20 each): group 1, blank control group without any interference during the study; group 2, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis group; group 3, pig serum-induced liver fibrosis group; group 4, prophylaxis group of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang, group 5,prophylaxis group of pig serum-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang, group 6, treatment group of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang, group 7, treatment group of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang. At wk 6, 10, 14 and 20(baseline for CCl4 or big serum induction), five rats in each group were anesthetized and their livers were removed for pathological studies including immunohistochemicalstudies for α-SMA, type Ⅰ collagen and in situ hybridization of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Anti-lipid peroxidation in isolated mitochondria and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay for proliferation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemedicated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL), flow cytometry and electron microscopy for apoptosis in isolated HSCs were also studied.RESULTS: The mean number of pseudolobuli at wk 10,14 and 20 in the prophylaxis group was significantly less than that in the control group (P<0.05 or 0.01). The effectof prophylaxis at wk 14 in CCl4 rats and at wk 10 in pig serum-induced rats was much better than that of treatment group (P<0.01). The thickness (in μm) of fibers both in pig serum-induced prophylaxis and in treatment groups at wk 14 and. 20 was significantly less than that in control group (P<0.05). The number of fibers both in prophylaxis and in treatment groups from wk 10 or 14 to 20 was significantly less than that in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The tissue HSC positive rates of type Ⅰ collagen, α-SMA and TIMP-1 mRNA, which represented the active phenotype of HSCs in tissues, remained very high from wk 6 to the end of model making in control group. While in prophylaxis group, they were at a relatively low level. In treatment group, there was a gradual decreasing trend. Time- and dose-dependent effects of anti-lipid peroxidation on isolated mitochondria, cell proliferation and apoptosis in cultured HSCs were also observed during the study.CONCLUSION: Yi-gan-kang can effectively inhibit or inverse the course of liver fibrogenesis in CCl4- and pig serum-induced rat models. | Xi-XianYao Shu-LinJiang You-WeiTang Dong-MeiYao XinYao | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，17： | 16 |
| 3 | The CAMS Climate System Model and a Basic Evaluation of Its Climatology and Climate Variability Simulation显示文摘A new coupled climate system model(CSM) has been developed at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS) by employing several state-of-the-art component models. The coupled CAMS-CSM consists of the modified atmospheric model [ECmwf-HAMburg(ECHAM5)], ocean model [Modular Ocean Model(MOM4)], sea ice model [Sea Ice Simulator(SIS)], and land surface model [Common Land Model(CoLM)]. A detailed model description is presented and both the pre-industrial and 'historical' simulations are preliminarily evaluated in this study.The model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycles of the major climate system quantities,including the sea surface temperature, precipitation, sea ice extent, and the equatorial thermocline. The major climate variability modes are also reasonably captured by the CAMS-CSM, such as the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO), El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO), East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO).The model shows a promising ability to simulate the EASM variability and the ENSO–EASM relationship. Some biases still exist, such as the false double-intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ) in the annual mean precipitation field,the overestimated ENSO amplitude, and the weakened Bjerknes feedback associated with ENSO; and thus the CAMS-CSM needs further improvements. | Xinyao RONG Jian LI Haoming CHEN Yufei XIN Jingzhi SU Lijuan HUA Tianjun ZHOU Yanjun QI Zhengqiu ZHANG Guo ZHANG Jianduo LI | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，6： | 15 |
| 4 | Climate Sensitivity and Feedbacks of a New Coupled Model CAMS-CSM to Idealized CO_2 Forcing: A Comparison with CMIP5 Models显示文摘Climate sensitivity and feedbacks are basic and important metrics to a climate system. They determine how large surface air temperature will increase under CO_2 forcing ultimately, which is essential for carbon reduction policies to achieve a specific warming target. In this study, these metrics are analyzed in a climate system model newly developed by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS-CSM) and compared with multi-model results from the Coupled Model Comparison Project phase 5(CMIP5). Based on two idealized CO_2 forcing scenarios, i.e.,abruptly quadrupled CO_2 and CO_2 increasing 1% per year, the equilibrium climate sensitivity(ECS) and transient climate response(TCR) in CAMS-CSM are estimated to be about 2.27 and 1.88 K, respectively. The ECS is near the lower bound of CMIP5 models whereas the TCR is closer to the multi-model ensemble mean(MME) of CMIP5 due to compensation of a relatively low ocean heat uptake(OHU) efficiency. The low ECS is caused by an unusually negative climate feedback in CAMS-CSM, which is attributed to cloud shortwave feedback(λSWCL) over the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean.The CMIP5 ensemble shows that more negative λSWCL is related to larger increase in low-level(925–700 hPa)cloud over the tropical Indo-Pacific under warming, which can explain about 90% of λSWCL in CAMS-CSM. Static stability of planetary boundary layer in the pre-industrial simulation is a critical factor controlling the low-cloud response and λSWCL across the CMIP5 models and CAMS-CSM. Evidently, weak stability in CAMS-CSM favors lowcloud formation under warming due to increased low-level convergence and relative humidity, with the help of enhanced evaporation from the warming tropical Pacific. Consequently, cloud liquid water increases, amplifying cloud albedo, and eventually contributing to the unusually negative λSWCL and low ECS in CAMS-CSM. Moreover, the OHU may influence climate feedbacks and then the ECS by modulating regional sea surface temperature responses. | Xiaolong CHEN Zhun GUO Tianjun ZHOU Jian LI Xinyao RONG Yufei XIN Haoming CHEN Jingzhi SU | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis during microglial activation and motor neuron loss in the spinal cord of ALS mouse model显示文摘Background:Neuron-microglia communication plays a crucial role in the motor neurons(MNs)death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Neurons can express chemokine(C-X3-C motif)ligand 1(CX3CL1),which mediates microglial activation via interacting with its sole receptor CX3CR1 in microglia.In the present study,we aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis during microglial activation and MNs loss in SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS.Methods:qPCR,western blot and immunofluorescent staining were used to examine the mRNA and protein levels and localization of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in the anterior horn region of spinal cord in both SOD1G93A mice and their agematched wild type(WT)littermates at 40,60,90 and 120 days of age.The M1/M2 microglial activation in the spinal cord tissues of SOD1G93A mice and WT mice were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining of M1/M2 markers and further confirmed by qPCR analysis of M1/M2-related cytokines.Results:The immunofluorescent staining revealed that CX3CL1 was predominately expressed in MNs,while CX3CR1 was highly expressed in microglia in the anterior horn region of spinal cord.Compared with age-matched WT mice,CX3CL1 mRNA level was elevated at 40 days but decreased at 90 and 120 days in the anterior horn region of spinal cords in ALS mice.Consistently,CX3CR1 mRNA level was increased at 90 and 120 days.Western blot assay further confirmed the dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in ALS mice.Additionally,the levels of M1/M2 markers of microglia and their related cytokines in the anterior horn region of spinal cord in ALS mice were increased at 90 and 120 days.Moreover,while M1-related cytokines in ALS mice were persistently increased at 120 days,the upregulated M2-related cytokines started to decline at 120 days,suggesting an altered microglial activation.Conclusions:Our data revealed the dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and an imbalanced M1/M2 microglial activation during ALS pathological progression.These findings may help identify potential molecular targets for ALS therapy. | Jingjing Zhang Yufei Liu Xinyao Liu Song Li Cheng Cheng Sheng Chen Weidong Le | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Reoxidation of Transition-metal Catalysts with O2显示文摘转变金属催化氧化反应是有机化学的中央部件。代表绿、持续的化学,分子的氧(O 2) 由于它的生来、便宜、环境地友好的人物被看作了理想的氧化剂,因此提供吸引人的学术、工业的前景。在最近的年里,一些强大的器官的氧化方法连续地被开发了。在他们之中,分子的氧的使用(绿、持续的氧化剂吸引了可观的注意的 O 2) 。然而,新转变的发展理想的氧化剂因为 O 2 对的低标准电极潜力高度合乎需要却很挑战性的催化金属的协议使用 O 2 重新氧化转变金属催化剂。在这篇报道,我们向转变金属的使用加亮一些我们的进步催化氧气的氧化反应。通过 ligand 和酸的添加剂的小心的选择,我们成功地为氧化联合在 O 2或空气空气( 1 atm )下面认识到 Cu , Pd , Mn , Fe , Ru , Rh ,和二金属的催化剂的氧化,氧化反应,氧化 C-H/C-C 契约劈开,氧化的环,和石蜡 difunctionalization 反应。大多数反应能容忍功能的组的一个范围。这些方法为炔属羟的绿合成提供新策略,(-keto)amides/esters, ketones/diones, O/N-heterocycles, -azido 白酒,和 nitriles。在空气下面的高效率,低费用,和简单操作使这些方法论很吸引人、实际。我们将也讨论可能有用支持氧气的氧化反应设计的新类型的这些反应的机制。 | Xinyao Li Ning Jiao | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2017，35，9： | 6 |
| 7 | Ultrafine Sn nanocrystals in a hierarchically porous N-doped carbon for lithium ion batteries显示文摘我们报导准备高效的一个简单方法,为锂离子电池(解放) 的基于 Sn 的阳极材料。增加的 H 2 到包含 Sn 2+ 和苯胺的一个水的答案的 O 2 导致苯胺的同时的聚合和 Sn 2+ 的氧化到导致的 SnO 2, 一同类 polyaniline 和 SnO 2 合成。上述合成收益的氢热减小有层次孔和同类地分布式的、极其细小的 Sn 粒子的做 N 的碳。nanocomposite 为锂离子电池作为阳极材料展出优秀性能,显示出 788 mAh 的一个高可逆的特定的能力吗? | Xinghua Chang Teng Wang Zhiliang Liu Xinyao Zheng Jie Zheng Xingguo Li | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，6： | 5 |
| 8 | Gut microbial balance and liver transplantation: alteration, management, and prediction显示文摘肝移植是为终端阶段肝疾病的常规治疗。然而,几复杂并发症仍然妨碍幸存率。肠的障碍破坏广泛地在收到肝的病人之中被观察移植并且因为在肠和肝之间的关系,受不了 ischemiareperfusion 或拒绝损害,两个在解剖和功能。重要地,内脏 microbiota 的产生改变在这个过程期间加重接枝机能障碍。这篇文章为内脏考察研究进步微生物引起的改变和肝移植。特别,这个工作也在内脏的管理上评估研究微生物引起的改变和在肝移植期间利用微生物引起的改变的可能的损害的预言。另外,我们为关于的研究建议可能的方向在肝移植期间毁坏微生物引起的改变并且在肝移植在微生物引起的改变的利用上提供一个假设。目的是不仅预言 perioperative 损害而且作为治疗的一个方法工作或甚至禁止肝移植的拒绝。 | Xinyao Tian Zhe Yang Fangzhou Luo Shusen Zheng | 2018 | Frontiers of Medicine2018，12，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Structural shifts in the intestinal microbiota of rats treated with cyclosporine A after orthotropic liver transplantation显示文摘Understanding the effect of immunosuppressive agents on intestinal microbiota is important to reduce the mortality and morbidity from orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We investigated the relationship between the commonly used immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A (CSA) and the intestinal microbial variation in an OLT model. The rat samples were divided as follows:(1) N group (normal control);(2) I group (isograft LT, Brown Norway [BN] rat to BN);(3) R group (allograft LT, Lewis to BN rat);and (4) CSA group (R group treated with CSA). The intestinal microbiota was assayed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles and by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The liver histopathology and the alanine/aspartate aminotransferase ratio after LT were both ameliorated by CSA. In the CSA group, the numbers of rDNA gene copies of Clostridium cluster I, Clostridium cluster XIV, and Enterobacteriaceae decreased, whereas those of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii increased compared with the R group. Cluster analysis indicated that the samples from the N, I, and CSA groups were clustered, whereas the other clusters contained the samples from the R group. Hence, CSA ameliorates hepatic graft injury and partially restores gut microbiota following LT, and these may benefit hepatic graft rejection. | Junjun Jia Xinyao Tian Jianwen Jiang Zhigang Ren Haifeng Lu Ning He Haiyang Xie Lin Zhou Shusen Zheng | 2019 | Frontiers of Medicine2019，13，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Static mechanical properties of hybrid RTM-made composite Ⅰ-and Ⅱ-beams under three-point flexure显示文摘This paper deals with three-point flexure tests on hybrid I-and P-beams,made out of multi-layer carbon fiber/epoxy resin(including twill woven fabric CF3031/5284 and unidirectional cord fabric U3160/5284)reinforced composites,processed using the RTM(resin transfer molding)technique.Static bending properties were determined and failure initiation mechanism was deduced from experimental observations.Failure mode of the tested hybrid RTM-made I-beams can be reckoned to be characteristic of the delamination from the cutout edge within the web and the debonding propagation along the interface between the inverted triangular resin-rich zone and the adjacent curved web until local buckling within the curved webs around the conjunction fillet region.In contrast,as distinct from hybrid RTM I-beams subjected to three-point bending loading,hybrid RTM-made P-beams in three-point flexure tests experienced the resin debonding in the inverted triangular resin-rich zones and the debonding propagation along the interface between the inverted triangular resin-rich zone and the adjacent curved web until complete separation of the curved web from the flange.Progressive damage models(PDMs)were presented to predict failure loads and process of hybrid RTM-made I-and P-beams under three-point flexure.Good correlation was achieved between experimental and numerical results. | Fu Yu Xiong Junjiang Luo Chuyang Yun Xinyao | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2015，28，3： | 5 |
| 11 | Prediction-based Manufacturing Center Self-adaptive Demand Side Energy Optimization in Cyber Physical Systems显示文摘Cyber physical systems(CPS)recently emerge as a new technology which can provide promising approaches to demand side management(DSM),an important capability in industrial power systems.Meanwhile,the manufacturing center is a typical industrial power subsystem with dozens of high energy consumption devices which have complex physical dynamics.DSM,integrated with CPS,is an effective methodology for solving energy optimization problems in manufacturing center.This paper presents a prediction-based manufacturing center self-adaptive energy optimization method for demand side management in cyber physical systems.To gain prior knowledge of DSM operating results,a sparse Bayesian learning based componential forecasting method is introduced to predict24-hour electric load levels for specific industrial areas in China.From this data,a pricing strategy is designed based on short-term load forecasting results.To minimize total energy costs while guaranteeing manufacturing center service quality,an adaptive demand side energy optimization algorithm is presented.The proposed scheme is tested in a machining center energy optimization experiment.An AMI sensing system is then used to measure the demand side energy consumption of the manufacturing center.Based on the data collected from the sensing system,the load prediction-based energy optimization scheme is implemented.By employing both the PSO and the CPSO method,the problem of DSM in the manufacturing center is solved.The results of the experiment show the self-adaptive CPSO energy optimization method enhances optimization by 5%compared with the traditional PSO optimization method. | SUN Xinyao WANG Xue WU Jiangwei LIU Youda | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2014，27，3： | 4 |
| 12 | Recent Progress in Non-motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease with a Focus on Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation显示文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most common neurodegenerative disease,which manifests with both motor and non-motor symptoms.Circadian rhythm dysregulation,as one of the most challenging non-motor features of PD,usually appears long before obvious motor symptoms.Moreover,the dysregulated circadian rhythm has recently been reported to play pivotal roles in PD pathogenesis,and it has emerged as a hot topic in PD research.In this review,we briefly introduce the circadian rhythm and circadian rhythm-related genes,and then summarize recent research progress on the altered circadian rhythm in PD,ranging from clinical features to the possible causes of PD-related circadian disorders.We believe that future comprehensive studies on the topic may not only help us to explore the mechanisms of PD,but also shed light on the better management of PD. | Yufei Liu Long Niu Xinyao Liu Cheng Cheng Weidong Le | 2021 | Neuroscience Bulletin2021，37，7： | 4 |
| 13 | An Assessment of ENSO Stability in CAMS Climate System Model Simulations显示文摘We present an overview of the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) stability simulation using the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences climate system model(CAMS-CSM). The ENSO stability was quantified based on the Bjerknes(BJ) stability index. Generally speaking, CAMS-CSM has the capacity of reasonably representing the BJ index and ENSO-related air–sea feedback processes. The major simulation biases exist in the underestimated thermodynamic damping and thermocline feedbacks. Further diagnostic analysis reveals that the underestimated thermodynamic feedback is due to the underestimation of the shortwave radiation feedback, which arises from the cold bias in mean sea surface temperature(SST) over central–eastern equatorial Pacific(CEEP). The underestimated thermocline feedback is attributed to the weakened mean upwelling and weakened wind–SST feedback(μ_a) in the model simulation compared to observation. We found that the weakened μ_a is also due to the cold mean SST over the CEEP.The study highlights the essential role of reasonably representing the climatological mean state in ENSO simulations. | Lijuan HUA Lin CHEN Xinyao RONG Jian LI Guo ZHANG Lu WANG | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，1： | 4 |
| 14 | Arctic Climate Changes Based on Historical Simulations(1900-2013) with the CAMS-CSM显示文摘The Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Climate System Model(CAMS-CSM) is a newly developed global climate model that will participate in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6. Based on historical simulations(1900-2013), we evaluate the model performance in simulating the observed characteristics of the Arctic climate system, which includes air temperature, precipitation, the Arctic Oscillation(AO), ocean temperature/salinity,the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC), snow cover, and sea ice. The model-data comparisons indicate that the CAMS-CSM reproduces spatial patterns of climatological mean air temperature over the Arctic(60°-90°N) and a rapid warming trend from 1979 to 2013. However, the warming trend is overestimated south of the Arctic Circle, implying a subdued Arctic amplification. The distribution of climatological precipitation in the Arctic is broadly captured in the model, whereas it shows limited skills in depicting the overall increasing trend. The AO can be reproduced by the CAMS-CSM in terms of reasonable patterns and variability. Regarding the ocean simulation, the model underestimates the AMOC and zonally averaged ocean temperatures and salinity above a depth of 500 m, and it fails to reproduce the observed increasing trend in the upper ocean heat content in the Arctic. The largescale distribution of the snow cover extent(SCE) in the Northern Hemisphere and the overall decreasing trend in the spring SCE are captured by the CAMS-CSM, while the biased magnitudes exist. Due to the underestimation of the AMOC and the poor quantification of air–sea interaction, the CAMS-CSM overestimates regional sea ice and underestimates the observed decreasing trend in Arctic sea–ice area in September. Overall, the CAMS-CSM reproduces a climatological distribution of the Arctic climate system and general trends from 1979 to 2013 compared with the observations, but it shows limited skills in modeling local trends and interannual variability. | Ting WEI Jian LI Xinyao RONG Wenjie DONG Bingyi WU Minghu DING | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，6： | 4 |
| 15 | COPII mitigates ER stress by promoting formation of ER whorls显示文摘Cells mitigate ER stress through the unfolded protein response(UPR).Here,we report formation of ER whorls as an effector mechanism of the ER stress response.We found that strong ER stress induces formation of ER whorls,which contain ER-resident proteins such as the Sec61 complex and PKR-like ER kinase(PERK).ER whorl formation is dependent on PERK kinase activity and is mediated by COPII machinery,which facilitates ER membrane budding to form tubular-vesicular ER whorl precursors.ER whorl precursors then go through Sec22b-mediated fusion to form ER whorls.We further show that ER whorls contribute to ER stressinduced translational inhibition by possibly modulating PERK activity and by sequestering translocons in a ribosome-free environment.We propose that formation of ER whorls reflects a new type of ER stress response that controls inhibition of protein translation. | Fang Xu Wanqing Du Qin Zou Yuting Wang Xin Zhang Xudong Xing Ying Li Dachuan Zhang Huimin Wang Wenhao Zhang Xinyao Hu Xin Liu Xiaoling Liu Shaojin Zhang Jinqiang Yu Jianhuo Fang Fajin Li Ying Zhou Tieqiang Yue Na Mi Haiteng Deng Peng Zou Xiaowei Chen Xuerui Yang Li Yu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Obtaining More Information about Precipitation Biases over East Asia from Hourly-Scale Evaluation of Model Simulation显示文摘The hourly summer precipitation simulations over East Asia by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science Climate System Model(CAMS-CSM)high-resolution Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP)runs(T255,~50 km)were evaluated based on the merged hourly precipitation product released by the China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The results show that the simulation biases are closely related to the topography,with the precipitation amount and frequency overestimated(underestimated),and duration of precipitation events being longer(shorter),over the western high-altitude(eastern plain)regions of China.Six regions with large discrepancies were further analyzed.In terms of the frequency-intensity structure,the overestimation of precipitation frequency is mainly due to the excessive simulated weak precipitation over the four regions with positive biases:the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau(STP),the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau(NETP),the eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau(EPTP),and the mountainous area of North China(NCM);while the underestimation of frequency is mainly due to the insufficient precipitation with moderate intensity over the two regions with negative biases:lower reaches of the Yangtze River(LYR)and the South China coast(SCC).Based on the duration-diurnal structure analysis,two kinds of precipitation events with different natures can be distinguished.The long-duration night to early morning precipitation events have a significant contribution to the precipitation amount biases for all the six key regions,and this kind of precipitation mainly affects the precipitation diurnal variation over the mountainous areas or steep terrain.Although the short-duration afternoon precipitation events only have a greater contribution to the precipitation amount biases over the SCC region,this kind of precipitation affects the diurnal variation over the NCM region and the two key regions with negative biases.Such a detailed hourly-scale evaluation is helpful for enriching the understanding of simulation biases and to further improve model performance. | Nina LI Jian LI Xinyao RONG Haoming CHEN Yufei XIN Jingzhi SU | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，3： | 3 |
| 17 | Nonlinear photoresponse of metallic graphene-like VSe2 ultrathin nanosheets for pulse laser generation显示文摘Vanadium diselenide(VSe2), a typical metallic behaviour material among transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) family, exhibits excellent photoelectric characteristics with a zero band gap, missing applicaiotn in pulse generation. In this work, a high-quality VSe2 saturable absorber(SA) was synthesized through a liquid-phase exfoliation method. The saturable absorption of obtained VSe2-SA was characterized systematically. The measured modulation depth was 9.9%, and the saturated intensity was 533.8 μJ/cm2. By incorporating this optical modulator into a ytterbium-doped fiber laser cavity, a stable passively Q-switched laser could be achieved. The pulse had the central wavelength of 1064.03 nm. As the pump power was increased, the repetition rate increased from 24.3 k Hz to 35.6 k Hz, and the pulse duration decreased from7.21 μs to 5.27 μs. The output power had the maximum value of 28.55 m W. These results indicated that VSe2 is an effective candidate to generate pulse laser due to its excellent nonlinear optical properties and universal photoelectric response, which may advance the applications of VSe2-based nonlinear optics and photoelectric devices. | Tao WANG Xinyao SHI Jin WANG Yijun XU Jie CHEN Zhuo DONG Man JIANG Pengfei MA Rongtao SU Yanxing MA Jian WU Kai ZHANG Pu ZHOU | 2019 | Science China(Information Sciences)2019，62，12： | 3 |
| 18 | Short-term climatic impacts of afforestation in the East Asian monsoon region显示文摘The influence of changes in vegetation cover on short-term climate over the East Asian monsoon region is simulated using the Community Climate System Model Version 3.5.The results show the annual mean surface air temperature significantly decreases by 0.93°C in response to afforestation over the East Asian monsoon region.Also,surface air temperature decreases by 1.46 and 0.40°C in summer and winter,respectively.The cooling is caused by enhanced evapotranspiration(ET) produced by increased forest cover.Evapotranspiration is greater in summer than in winter,so summer cooling is greater than winter cooling.The annual mean precipitation increases in response to afforestation,with a maximum of 7% in April.Water vapor increases significantly because of greater latent heat flux release.Meanwhile,afforestation leads to higher surface roughness,which decreases surface wind speed and induces an ascending air motion.These factors can produce more clouds and precipitation.Moreover,the surface albedo and the reflective solar radiation are reduced in response to afforestation. | MA Di LIU ZhengYu Lü ShiHua MICHAEL Notaro RONG XinYao CHENG GuangShan WANG FuYao | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，18： | 3 |
| 19 | Altered Motor Performance,Sleep EEG,and Parkinson’s Disease Pathology Induced by Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Lrrk2^(G2019S) Mice显示文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a multifaceted disease in which environmental variables combined with genetic predisposition cause dopaminergic(DAergic)neuron loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta.The mutation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(Lrrk2)is the most common autosomal dominant mutation in PD,and it has also been reported in sporadic cases.A growing body of research suggests that circadian rhythm disruption,particularly sleep-wake abnormality,is common during the early phase of PD.Our present study aimed to evaluate the impact of sleep deprivation(SD)on motor ability,sleep performance,and PD pathologies in Lrrk2^(G2019S) transgenic mice.After two months of SD,Lrrk2^(G2019S) mice at 12 months of age showed an exacerbated PD-like phenotype with motor deficits,a reduced striatal DA level,degenerated DAergic neurons,and altered sleep structure and biological rhythm accompanied by the decreased protein expression level of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput Lrrk2 gene in the brain.All these changes persisted and were even more evident in 18-month-old mice after 6 months of follow-up.Moreover,a significant increase inα-synuclein aggregation was found in SD-treated transgenic mice at 18 months of age.Taken together,our findings indicate that sleep abnormalities,as a risk factor,may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of PD.Early detection of sleep disorders and improvement of sleep quality may help to delay disease progression and provide long-term clinical benefits. | Xinyao Liu Hang Yu Yuanyuan Wang Song Li Cheng Cheng Murad Al-Nusaif Weidong Le | 2022 | Neuroscience Bulletin2022，38，10： | 3 |
| 20 | Decadal-to-interdecadal response and adjustment of the North Pacific to prescribed surface forcing in an oceanic general circulation model显示文摘The simulation of a higher-resolution oceanic GCM forced with COADS surface conditions during 1945~1993 was analyzed with insight into how the North Pacific responds to the surface forcing.The decadal-to-interdecadal variabilities in the thermal and dynamical fields especially those associated with the 1976/1977 regime shift in the North Pacific were investigated. The model successfully captures the dominant SST anomaly mode on the decadal-to-interdecadal time scales as well as the major feature of SST anomalies in the 1976/1977 regime shift. The model also successfully reproduces two typical subduction events that link the tropical and extratropical oceanic temperature anomalies during the 1970s and the 1980s. Most importantly, the model simulates the dynamical adjustment of the upper ocean under the surface wind forcing. The typical surface circulation anomaly is characterized by a pattern that is simultaneously related to the wind stress anomalies. The typical anomalous pattern for the entire upper-ocean is characterized by coherent anomalies of two oceanic gyres, i.e., the subtropical and subpolar gyres. The delayed response and slower adjustment of the gyres, especially of the subpolar gyre, give rise to a persistent SST anomaly in the central North Pacific. The upper-ocean heat budgets in three target regions, i.e., the central North Pacific, the Californian coastal region and the KOE region, are examined. The cooling in the central North Pacific around 1976/1977 is attributed to the heat flux and meridional advection anomalies. The associated warming in the Californian coastal region is only due to the heat flux anomaly. A cooling shift in the KOE region which lags that in the central basin by 3 to 4 a is largely due to the meridional advection anomaly and the heat flux acts only as a damping role. | FANG Jiabei RONG Xinyao YANG Xiuqun | 2006 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2006，25，3： | 3 |
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