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| 1 | 我国大气降水中稳定同位素研究进展显示文摘大气降水中稳定同位素的比率与降水产生过程中的气象条件密切相关,可以利用其时空分布特征来反演大气过程,示踪水汽来源,反映天气气候的区域性特征.对影响我国大气降水中稳定同位素组成与分布进行了总结,探讨了影响降水中氢氧同位素的因素及空间变化特征,并分别介绍了我国青藏高原区、西北干旱区和东部季风区等地区近年来降水中稳定同位素的研究进展,并结合现有研究存在的问题对其前景进行了展望. | 李亚举 张明军 王圣杰 李忠勤 王飞腾 | 2011 | 冰川冻土2011，33，3： | 45 |
| 2 | 长江水氢、氧同位素组成的时空变化及其环境意义显示文摘从2003年到2007年,分5次在长江干流及主要支流系统采样,进行了氢氧同位素研究。观测发现δD变化于-30‰~-112‰的范围内,而δ18O变化于-3.8‰~-15.4‰范围内。从长江源头到河口,各次样品的氢氧同位素均显相似的沿程变化。从源头到攀枝花,长江干流的δD与δ18O逐步下降;而由攀枝花到入海口,δD与δ18O值逐渐升高。研究发现,大气降水是控制江水氢氧同位素组成的主要因素。从攀枝花到河口,干流δD与δ18O值逐渐升高,与流域大气降水的δD与δ18O变化趋势相对应。各支流在氢氧同位素组成上的差别也反映大气降水的制约。蒸发作用对江水的氢氧同位素组成有重要影响。长江源头气候干燥、日照强烈,湖沼水经长期蒸发,盐度加大,δD和δ18O值相应升高,进而影响源头江水的氢氧同位素组成。蒸发作用也导致洞庭湖与鄱阳湖湖水的δD和δ18O值在枯水期升高,并影响相关河段的δD和δ18O值。冰雪融化也是影响江水氢氧同位素组成的一个重要因素。在长江干流和所有左岸支流的源头,冰川融雪都是河水的重要来源之一。由于冰川水具有特殊的氢氧同位素组成,它对河水的相对贡献的变化将对河水的氢氧同位素组成产生重要影响。三峡大坝在丰水期对相应河段的氢氧同位素变化趋势影响不大,但它在枯水季节的蓄水使下游江水的补给发生明显变化,导致宜昌和沙市江水的δD和δ18O明显降低。研究表明,氢氧同位素示踪技术在查明大气降水、地下水、冰川水、湖水与河水之间的交互作用方面可以发挥关键性的作用。今后,在进行系统水文测量的同时,进一步开展氢氧同位素研究,将对了解长江水资源状况及其演变趋势大有裨益。 | 丁悌平 高建飞 石国钰 陈峰 罗续荣 王成玉 韩丹 | 2013 | 地质学报2013，87，5： | 38 |
| 3 | 贵州凉风洞大气降水-土壤水-滴水的δ^(18)O信号传递及其意义显示文摘通过对贵州荔波凉风洞(LFD)大气降水、土壤水、土壤气、洞穴滴水以及滴水对应的现代化学沉积物氧(氢)同位素组成的系统监测,发现LFD土壤水和滴水主要来源于当地大气降水;3种水(大气降水、土壤水和滴水)氧同位素值的变化幅度在年内依次减小,分别在0~-10‰,-2‰~-9‰和-6‰~-8‰之间;3种水氧同位素值之间存在大致协调同步的季节变化规律:雨季偏轻,旱季偏重;地表蒸发作用导致滴水氧同位素年算术平均值相对于大气降水值偏重约0.3‰以上.计算结果验证了LFD系统中洞穴次生化学沉积物形成过程基本达到了氧同位素平衡,利用洞穴沉积物氧同位素值恢复和重建古气温和降水量是可行的,但应注意研究区地表蒸发作用对氧同位素值的调节作用。 | 罗维均 王世杰 | 2008 | 科学通报2008，53，17： | 34 |
| 4 | 中国西南地区降水氢氧同位素研究进展与展望显示文摘中国西南地区属典型的季风气候,降水的水汽来源及其影响因素非常复杂.通过检索西南地区有关降水氢氧同位素的文献,对西南三省一市降水氢氧同位素研究进行了综述.从已开展研究的区域和站点、主要采用的样品采集与分析方法、主要的研究内容(同位素组成、大气降水线、氘盈余)和水汽来源、影响因素以及区内的空间差异等几方面进行总结,并对今后西南地区降水氢氧同位素的研究进行展望,为研究区域降水氢氧同位素的进一步研究提供科学指导. | 张贵玲 角媛梅 何礼平 刘歆 刘澄静 闫晓景 王梅 | 2015 | 冰川冻土2015，37，4： | 27 |
| 5 | 粤西云浮市大气降水δ^(18)O与水汽来源的关系显示文摘2005-04-05~2006-04-01期间在粤西云浮市采集了59次具有显著天气过程的大气降水样品,并进行了稳定氧同位素测试,结果显示此期间云浮市大气降水中δ18O值波动于-12.47‰^-0.18‰之间,平均值为-4.91‰;夏秋季(5~9月)的δ18O值相对偏低,多数在-10.00‰^-5.00‰,平均-6.30‰;冬春季(11月~次年4月)的δ18O值相对偏高,多数在-3.00‰^-1.00‰,平均-2.20‰.这些δ18O值与它们相应的气温、水汽压(e)呈较为显著负相关,相关系数(R)均达-0.60,而与降水量的负相关性较差,相关系数(R)为-0.33.与大致同时期的广州降水中δ18O月平均值相比,云浮降水中δ18O呈相对低值,可能与云浮市受到了较强的西南季风叠加影响有关.后推气流轨迹的结果表明,这些大气降水1δ8O值在前汛期(4~6月)、后汛期(7~9月)和非汛期(10月~次年4月)中的变化很大程度上受不同水汽来源决定,表明降水δ18O值在一定程度上具有指示水汽来源的作用:δ18O值偏高的大气降水其水汽可能主要来源于西太平洋的副热带海区(包括我国南海海域)的变性热带太平洋暖气团;而δ18O值偏低的大气降水其水汽则来源于印度洋和孟加拉湾的变性热带海洋气团. | 郑琰明 钟巍 彭晓莹 薛积彬 赵引娟 马巧红 蔡颖 | 2009 | 环境科学2009，30，3： | 24 |
| 6 | 大气降水中稳定同位素组成的高分辨率记录--以桂林地区为例显示文摘大气降水中δD、δ18 O主要受到温度、纬度、高程、降雨量等多种环境因素影响。通过对桂林地区2010年大气降水进行δD、δ18 O分析测试,获得δD的分布范围:29.05‰~-96.27‰;δ18 O的分布范围:-0.2‰~-12.96‰。研究结果表明桂林地区大气降水的δ18 O与所受季风类型存在明显联系:由于夏季研究地区主要受到东亚(东南)夏季风影响,水汽团在运移过程中因强烈降水导致水汽中δD、δ18 O连续被贫化,其结果是夏季降水的δD、δ18 O普遍偏轻于冬季降水。通过建立该地区大气降水线方程:δD=8.87δ18 O+15.49,揭示出该区域温润多雨的气候特征。此外,过量氘(d=δD-8δ18 O)在夏季和冬季呈现不同的变化特征指示了研究区夏季大气降水水汽源主要来源于低纬度海洋,而冬季大气降水水汽源主要为内陆或者局地蒸发和冬季风(西风带)的输送。该研究结果为解译石笋和洞穴滴水中所蕴含的环境信息提供有力的科学依据。 | 吴夏 朱晓燕 张美良 白晓 张碧云 | 2013 | 长江流域资源与环境2013，22，2： | 19 |
| 7 | 中国的降水同位素研究——基本特征与水文过程(英文)显示文摘In the paper, the development of precipitation isotope observation networks in China was reviewed, and recent achievements in isoscape and environmental effect of precipitation stable isotopes were summarized; the hydrological process studies based on precipitation isotopes in China during recent decade were also reviewed. In past decades, the spatial and seasonal patterns of precipitation isotopes have been investigated nationwide, especially after the participation in GNIP(Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation) and the establishment of CHNIP(Chinese Network of Isotopes in Precipitation), although long-term measurements are still limited; besides the nationwide network, a series of regional networks has been widely established across China. From the traditional manual drawing to the computer-aided mapping, and then to the simulation using isotope-equipped models, the productions of precipitation isoscape have been improved. The main factors controlling precipitation isotopes were summarized, and the potential significances of isotopes in climate proxies were mentioned. The recent studies about influence of raindrop sub-cloud secondary evaporation on isotopes were reviewed; based on the precipitation isotope and other parameters, the contribution of recycled moisture(evaporation and transpiration) in local precipitation can be estimated using three- or two-component mixing models. Finally, some prospects of precipitation isotope studies in China were presented. | 张明军 王圣杰 | 2016 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2016，26，7： | 16 |
| 8 | 草海地区过去500年来古温度重建:来自沉积物纤维素结合碳酸盐氧同位素的证据显示文摘利用连续流同位素质谱仪测定了草海沉积物柱芯碳酸盐和纤维素氧同位素比值.依据纤维素和湖水氧同位素之间稳定的分馏值定量恢复了历史时期草海湖水氧同位素组成,在此基础上结合碳酸盐氧同位素组成,运用Craig方程恢复了草海地区过去500年来古温度变化历史.结果表明恢复的1950年以来的温度变化与草海地区获得的气温记录(年平均)具有很好的一致性;草海地区在过去500年存在四个明显的冷期:1540~1570 AD,1670~1715 AD,1780~1870 AD及1900~1930 AD,其中前三个冷期发生在传统意义上的现代小冰期时段.重建的四个冷期与邻近地区泥炭、冰芯、树轮、历史文献及湖泊沉积记录的冷期基本一致,特别是与西南地区红原泥炭纤维素氧同位素记录的温度变化曲线相吻合;恢复的草海地区过去500年古温度变化曲线与印度夏季风变化及太阳活动强度有较好的一致性,其中1670~1715 AD和1780~1870 AD冷期分别对应于Maunder和Dalton太阳活动极小期.这些结果表明纤维素氧同位素结合碳酸盐氧同位素是一种有效的古温度指示剂,同时也为现代小冰期在中国西南地区的存在提供了直接证据. | 朱正杰 陈敬安 曾艳 | 2014 | 中国科学:地球科学2014，44，2： | 15 |
| 9 | 岩溶洞穴滴水环境监测研究进展显示文摘通过对已有成果的疏理总结,前人的洞穴滴水环境监测研究取得了以下几个方面的主要认识:(1)滴水的氢氧同位素组成虽然基本反映了大气降水的同位素构成,但由于洞穴上覆岩层厚度及裂隙的差异等,导致滴水对降水时间响应不同,滴水氢氧同位素变化存在多样性。(2)滴水化学组成主要受到水—土—岩—气之间相互作用影响,其中的溶解无机碳同位素及有机酸等还受到上覆植被类型以及密度的影响。(3)洞穴物理环境条件是决定洞穴滴水—沉积物中氧碳稳定同位素能否达到平衡分馏的重要因素。(4)由于滴水化学组成指示气候环境变化仍存在多解性和不确定性,需要将洞穴监测研究从洞穴内部扩大到洞穴上覆土壤、植被等中间过程,建立立体监测体系。(5)目前的洞穴环境监测仍缺乏不同自然条件下的综合对比研究,有待今后开展和加强。 | 彭玲莉 李廷勇 | 2012 | 中国岩溶2012，31，3： | 13 |
| 10 | Transmission of oxygen isotope signals of precipitation-soil water-drip water and its implications in Liangfeng Cave of Guizhou,China显示文摘According to systemically monitoring results of oxygen(hydrogen) isotope compositions of precipita-tion,soil waters,soil CO2,cave drip waters and their corresponding speleothems in Liangfeng Cave(LFC) in Guizhou Province,Southwest China,it is found that local precipitation is the main source of soil waters and drip waters,and that the amplitudes of those δ 18O values of three waters(precipitation,soil water and drip water) decrease in turn in the observed year,which are 0‰ to -10‰, -2‰ to -9‰ and -6‰ to -8‰,respectively.Moreover,the δ 18O values for three waters show a roughly simultaneous variation,namely,that those values are lighter in the rainy seasons,weightier in the dry seasons,and that the average δ 18O value of drip waters is about 0.3‰ weightier than that of precipitation,which is modified by surface evaporation processes.We also find that oxygen isotope equilibrium is reached or neared in the formation processes of speleothems in LFC system,and that it is feasible to reconstruct paleotemperature and paleoprecipitation by using δ 18O values of speleothems.However,it should be noted that surface evaporation would affect the oxygen isotope values in the study area. | LUO WeiJun WANG ShiJie | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，21： | 11 |
| 11 | Chemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Water and Suspended Particulate Materials in the Yangtze River and Their Geological and Environmental Implications显示文摘The chemical and isotopic characteristics of the water and suspended particulate materials(SPM) in the Yangtze River were investigated on the samples collected from 25 hydrological monitoring stations in the mainsteam and 13 hydrological monitoring stations in the major tributaries during 2003 to 2007. The water samples show a large variation in both δD( 30‰ to 112‰) and δ18O( 3.8‰ to 15.4‰) values. Both δD and δ18O values show a decrease from the river head to the Jinsha Jiang section and then increase downstream to the river mouth. It is found that the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of the Yangtze water are controlled by meteoric precipitation, evaporation, ice(and snow) melting and dam building. The Yangtze SPM concentrations show a large variation and are well corresponded to the spatial and temporal changes of flow speed, runoff and SPM supply, which are affected by the slope of the river bed, local precipitation rate, weathering intensity, erosion condition and anthropogenic activity. The Yangtze SPM consists of clay minerals, clastic silicate and carbonate minerals, heavy minerals, iron hydroxide and organic compounds. From the upper to lower reaches, the clay and clastic silicate components in SPM increase gradually, but the carbonate components decrease gradually, which may reflect changes of climate and weathering intensity in the drainage area. Compared to those of the upper crust rocks, the Yangtze SPM has lower contents of SiO2, CaO, K2 O and Na2 O and higher contents of TFe2 O3 and trace metals of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd. The ΣREE in the Yangtze SPM is also slightly higher than that of the upper crust. From the upper to lower reaches, the CaO and MgO contents in SPM decrease gradually, but the SiO2 content increases gradually, corresponding to the increase of clay minerals and decrease of the carbonates. The δ30SiSPM values( 1.1‰ to 0.3‰) of the Yangtze SPM are similar to those of the average shale, but lower than those of the granite rocks( 0.3‰ to 0.3‰), reflecting the effect of silicon isotope fractionation in silicate weathering process. The δ30SiSPM values of the Yangtze SPM show a decreasing trend from the upper to the middle and lower reaches, responding to the variation of the clay content. The major anions of the river water are HCO 3, SO 4 2, Cl, NO 3, SiO 4 4 and F and the major cations include Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+ and Sr2+. The good correlation between HCO3-content and the content of Ca2+may suggest that carbonate dissolution is the dominate contributor to the total dissolved solid(TDS) of the Yangtze River. Very good correlations are also found among contents of Cl, SO4 2, Na+, Mg2+, K+and Sr2+, indicating the important contribution of evaporite dissolution to the TDS of the Yangtze River. High TDS contents are generally found in the head water, reflecting a strong effect of evaporation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A small increase of the TDS is generally observed in the river mouth, indicating the influence of tidal intrusion. The F and NO3 contents show a clear increase trend from the upstream to downstream, reflecting the contribution of pesticides and fertilizers in the Chuan Jiang section and the middle and lower reaches. The DSi shows a decrease trend from the upstream to downstream, reflecting the effect of rice and grass growth along the Chuan Jiang section and the middle and lower reaches. The dissolved Cu, Zn and Cd in the Yangtze water are all higher than those in world large rivers, reflecting the effect of intensive mining activity along the Yangtze drainage area. The Yangtze water generally shows similar REE distribution pattern to the global shale. The δ30SiDiss values of the dissolved silicon vary from 0.5‰ to 3.7‰, which is the highest among those of the rivers studied. The δ30SiDiss values of the water in the Yangtze mainsteam show an increase trend from the upper stream to downstream. Its DSi and δ30SiDiss are influenced by multiple processes, such as weathering process, phytolith growth in plants, evaporation, phytolith dissolution, growth of fresh water diatom, adsorption and desorption of aqueous monosilicic acid on iron oxide, precipitation of silcretes and formation of clays coatings in aquifers, and human activity. The δ34SSO4 values of the Yangtze water range from 1.7‰ to 9.0‰. The SO4 in the Yangtze water are mainly from the SO4 in meteoric water, the dissolved sulfate from evaporite, and oxidation of sulfide in rocks, coal and ore deposits. The sulfate reduction and precipitation process can also affect the sulfur isotope composition of the Yangtze water. The87Sr/86Sr ratios of the Yangtze water range from 0.70823 to 0.71590, with an average value of 0.71084. The87Sr/86Sr ratio and Sr concentration are primary controlled by mixing of various sources with different87Sr/86Sr ratios and Sr contents, including the limestone, evaporite and the silicate rocks. The atmospheric precipitation and anthropogenic inputs can also contribute some Sr to the river. The δ11B values of the dissolved B in the Yangtze water range from 2.0‰ to 18.3‰, which is affected by multifactors, such as silicate weathering, carbonate weathering, evaporite dissolution, atmospheric deposition, and anthropogenic inputs. | DING Tiping GAO Jianfei TIAN Shihong SHI Guoyu CHEN Feng WANG Chengyu LUO Xurong HAN Dan | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014，88，1： | 10 |
| 12 | 喀斯特洞穴晶体生长速率的古气候重建意义显示文摘为了从石笋中提取更多的古气候信息,以用于气候预测,需要研究现代洞穴沉积过程与周围环境变化的关系。本文通过对贵州5个洞穴现代沉积玻片上菱形方解石的长度与滴水变率观测研究发现,在洞穴滴水不间断的情况下,滴水变率较小的滴水点,菱形方解石晶体长轴生长速率较快,反之,生长速率较慢。反映在石笋中,石笋晶体粒径较大说明处于降水稳定时期,石笋晶体粒径较小指示沉积时期降水变率较大,气候不稳定。 | 薛治国 刘子琦 陈浒 | 2014 | 地球与环境2014，42，1： | 7 |
| 13 | 基于温度作为辅助变量的中国降水δ^(18)O空间分布特征显示文摘本研究利用从WorldClim获得的高分辨率气象数据分析稳定同位素温度效应,研究发现最热季度的平均气温与中国62个站点同位素年平均值之间表现出很好的相关性(R2=0.79)。在此基础上利用地统计学方法,也就是采用温度作为辅助变量的空间插值算法——局部平均的简单克里金法(Simple Kriging with locally varying mean,SKlm),对中国降水中稳定同位素年平均值空间分布进行了模拟,得到了较高分辨率的中国降水中年均δ18O空间分布图,该图能够较好地表现区域同位素变化模式,能够反映如降水汽团的来源、性质等的气候环境背景,也能在一定程度上反映包括当地的纬度、地形、海拔高度等在内的局部地理因素。 | 李亚举 张明军 王圣杰 李忠勤 李小飞 | 2011 | 地理科学进展2011，30，11： | 6 |
| 14 | 西南地区全新世气候变化概述显示文摘本文较为系统地分析了西南地区石笋、泥炭和湖泊沉积物等自然记录恢复古气候的其本原理,概述了西南地区全新世(近万年来)气候变化研究的主要进展。鉴于西南地区古气候研究的现状,未来应着重加强三个方面的研究:1)加强石笋、泥炭和湖泊沉积物等代用指标记录气候变化的机理研究,建立更为有效的古气候定量/半定量重建方法;2)加强高分辨率、多指标的综合对比研究,揭示重大气候变化事件(如8.2 ka事件4、.2 ka事件和小冰期等)的性质及其对西南地区生态环境的影响;3)加强不同区域气候变化的对比研究,为揭示气候变化驱动力和合理预测西南未来可能出现的气候变化提供科学基础。 | 朱正杰 苏菲 陈敬安 李键 曾艳 王敬富 任世聪 | 2009 | 地球与环境2009，37，2： | 6 |
| 15 | 贵州草海沉积物纤维素氧同位素研究及其古环境意义显示文摘纤维素在湖泊沉积过程中不易发生分解,故其稳定同位素组成能真实地反映原始环境信息。本文在建立一套有效的四阶段(酸洗、碱洗、漂白及碱洗)湖泊沉积物纤维素提取基础上,成功测定了近500年草海沉积物纤维素氧同位素组成。草海纤维素氧同位素组成与董哥洞石笋恢复的降雨量的一致性变化表明纤维素氧同位素主要反映湖水氧同位素组成,进而指示了湖区降雨量变化。 | 朱正杰 莫建兵 张维 陈敬安 曾艳 | 2010 | 地球与环境2010，38，1： | 6 |
| 16 | The O and H isotope characteristics of water from major rivers in China显示文摘Isotopic compositions of the water sources and evapotranspiration in large rivers of China are not well explored. In this investigation, d18 O and dD values of water from major large rivers of China are integrated to understand the spatial and temporal variations in the isotopes of water and d-excess. River water samples were collected from the channels and tributaries of the Changjiang, Yellow, Songhua and Liao Rivers in China. Water from upstream was generally enriched with light isotopes relative to that from downstream areas. Water from the Songhua River and upper reach of the Changjiang River has relatively negative isotopic values impacted by latitude and altitude effects, respectively. The spatial pattern showed that d18O-H2 O values in rivers mainly ranged from-9 to-7 % in most of China based on roughly mapped contours, and rivers enriched in light isotopes were primarily located in the Tibetan Plateau and northeast China The slopes of linear regression from the Yellow and Liao Rivers suggested that the loss of water by direct evaporation shifted the isotopes of water, especially in some small tributaries. Additionally, there was a narrow range of low d18OH2 O values from the main channel of rivers during the lowflow season relative to the high-flow season due to influence of the monsoon climate. No distinct spatial variation of d-excess values was found in the rivers of China. However, water samples in some rivers with low d-excess values had high d18 O values, indicating that evaporation in the tributaries has led to significant water loss, especially in tributaries of the Yellow and Liao Rivers. | Si-Liang Li Fu-Jun Yue Cong-Qiang Liu Hu Ding Zhi-Qi Zhao Xiaodong Li | 2015 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2015，34，1： | 5 |
| 17 | 全新世气候变化与太阳活动百千年尺度周期分析显示文摘采用改进的EMD(经验模态分解)方法对前人重建的全新世石笋、冰芯氧同位素古气候记录和树轮^(14)C含量变化太阳活动替代指标时间序列进行分析,提取到88~110、206~220、~350、~520、~1 000、~2 200和~4 300a等二者基本一致的准周期信号,探讨了太阳活动在百千年尺度上对气候变化的可能影响。 | 殷自强 刘冬雁 庞重光 玄春艳 康雪宁 | 2017 | 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)2017，47，7： | 5 |
| 18 | Chemical and Isotopic Characters of the Water and Suspended Particulate Materials in the Yellow River and Their Geological and Environmental Implications显示文摘The chemical and isotopic characteristics of the water and suspended particulate materials(SPM)in the Yellow River were investigated on the samples collected from 29 hydrological monitoring stations in the mainstem and several major tributaries during 2004 to 2007.TheδD andδ^(18)O values of the Yellow River water vary in large ranges from-32‰to-91‰and from-3.1‰to-12.5‰,respectively.The characters of H and O isotope variations indicate that the major sources of the Yellow River water are meteoric water and snow melting water,and water cycle in the Yellow River basin is affected strongly by evaporation process and human activity.The average SPM content(9.635g/L)of the Yellow River is the highest among the world large rivers.Compared with the Yangtze River,the Yellow River SPM has much lower clay content and significantly higher contents of clastic silicates and carbonates.In comparison to the upper crust rocks,the Yellow River SPM contains less SiO_2,CaO,K_2O and Na_2O,but more TFe_2O_3,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd.The abnormal high Cd contents found in some sample may be related to local industrial activity.The REE contents and distribution pattern of the Yellow River SPM are very close to the average value of the global shale.The averageδ^(30)Si_(SPM)in the Yellow River(-0.11‰)is slightly higher than the average value(-0.22‰)of the Yangtze River SPM.The major factors controlling theδ^(30)Si_(SPM)of the Yellow River are the soil supply,the isotopic composition of the soil and the climate conditions.The TDS in the Yellow River are the highest among those of world large rivers.Fair correlations are observed among Cl^-,Na^+,K^+,and Mg^(2+)contents of the Yellow River water,indicating the effect of evaporation.The Ca^(2+)and Sr^(2+)concentrations show good correlation to the SO_4^(2-)concentration rather than HCO_3^-concentration,reflecting its origin from evaporates.The NO_3^-contents are affected by farmland fertilization.The Cu,Zn and Cd contents in dissolved load of the Yellow River water are all higher than those of average world large rivers,reflecting the effect of human activity.The dissolved load in the Yellow River water generally shows a REE distribution pattern parallel to those for the Yangtze River and the Xijiang River.Theδ^(30)Si values of the dissolved silicon vary in a range from 0.4‰to 2.9‰,averaging1.34‰.The major processes controlling the D_(Si)andδ^(30)Si_(Diss)of the Yellow River water are the weathering process of silicate rocks,growth of phytolith in plants,evaporation,dissolution of phytolith in soil,growth of fresh water diatom,adsorption and desorption of aqueous monosilicic acid on iron oxide and human activities.The averageδ^(30)Si_(Diss)value of the Yellow River is significantly lower than that of the Nile River,Yangtze River and Siberia rivers,but higher than those of other rivers,reflecting their differences in chemical weathering and biological activity.Theδ^(34)S_(SO4)values of the Yellow River water range from-3.8‰to 14.1‰,averaging 7.97‰.There is some correlation between SO_4^(2-)content andδ^(34)S_(SO4).The factors controlling theδ^(34)S_(SO4)of the Yellow River water are the SO_4 in the meteoric water,the SO_4 from gypsum or anhydrite in evaporite rocks,oxidation and dissolution of sulfides in the mineral deposits,magmatic rocks and sedimentary rocks,the sulfate reduction and precipitation process and the sulfate from fertilizer.The^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of all samplesrange from 0.71041 to 0.71237,averaging 0.71128.The variations in the^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratio and Sr concentration of river water are primarily caused by mixing of waters of various origins with different^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios and Sr contents resulting from water-rock interaction with different rock types. | DING Tiping GAO Jianfei TIAN Shihong WANG Huaibai LI Ming WANG Chengyu LUO Xurong HANG Dan | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，1： | 4 |
| 19 | 云南兰坪盆地古近系云龙组上段沉积环境研究--来自碳、氧同位素的证据显示文摘云南兰坪盆地古近系云龙组地层记录了盆地由淡水湖泊→盐湖、干盐湖→淡水湖泊沉积的一个完整的Ⅰ级韵律。在云龙组上段沉积了一套灰岩地层,上覆于云龙组上段含盐层之上,对此套灰岩共取样25个,测试结果显示,δ^(13)C和δ18O均为负值,δ^(13)C介于–13.13‰~–6.67‰之间,均值为–11.57‰,δ18O介于–15.55‰~–13.90‰之间,均值为–15.02‰,δ^(13)C和δ^(18)O具有较小相关性(0.57),表明当时湖泊封闭性较差。根据Z值和δ^(13)C表明,当时为陆相淡水或微咸水湖泊沉积,含盐度较低。根据经验公式计算所得温度为35.5~44.3℃,平均为41.4℃。相对于现代湖水温度,当时水体温度较高,可能与PETM事件有关。因此,整个云龙组沉积时期气候炎热干旱,造成蒸发岩沉积中断的主要原因为湖泊的封闭性降低。 | 沈立建 刘成林 王立成 | 2016 | 地球学报2016，37，3： | 4 |
| 20 | Paleotemperature variations at Lake Caohai, southwestern China, during the past 500 years:Evidence from combined δ^(18)O analysis of cellulose and carbonates显示文摘The oxygen isotopic values of aquatic plant cellulose and carbonates in Lake Caohai sediments were measured using a continuous flow isotopic ratio mass spectrometer(CF-IRMS).Because of predictable oxygen isotopic fractionation between cellulose and its source water,the oxygen isotopic composition of paleo-lake water has been established quantitatively.Combined oxygen isotopic values of cellulose and carbonates were used in the‘Craig’equation to determine paleotemperatures and their variation in the lake during the past 500 years.Results show that the paleotemperature trend correlates well with meteorological records from Weining.There are four notable cold intervals at Lake Caohai over the past 500 years,namely 1540–1570AD,1670–1715AD,1780–1870AD and 1900–1930AD,and the former three cold intervals have been observed in the conventional Little Ice Age(LIA).These cold periods at Lake Caohai correspond well with those recorded from tree ring,peat,and ice core data from adjacent regions,particularly temperature those inferred fromδ18O of peat cellulose from Hongyuan Southwestern China.The trend in paleotemperature variations at Lake Caohai are also consistent with both the change of Indian summer monsoon,derived fromδ18O values of a stalagmite in Dongge,and a recorded shift in solar activity.The findings of this study illustrate that coupled analysis ofδ18O values of cellulose and carbonates from lake sediments may be used as a paleotemperature proxy.These results also provide further evidence of the existence of LIA in southwestern China. | ZHU ZhengJie CHEN JingAn ZENG Yan | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，6： | 4 |
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