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| 1 | Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus显示文摘Since December 2019,an epidemic caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has occurred unexpectedly in China.As of 8 pm,31 January 2020,more than 20 pediatric cases have been reported in China.Of these cases,ten patients were identified in Zhejiang Province,with an age of onset ranging from 112 days to 17 years.Following the latest National recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCo V (the 4th edition) and current status of clinical practice in Zhejiang Province,recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection caused by 2019-nCoV for children were drafted by the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health,the National Children's Regional Medical Center,Children's Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine to further standardize the protocol for diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection in children caused by 2019-nCoV. | Zhi-Min Chen Jun-Fen Fu Qiang Shu Ying-Hu Chen Chun-Zhen Hua Fu-Bang Li Ru Lin Lan-Fang Tang Tian-Lin Wang Wei Wang Ying-Shuo Wang Wei-Ze Xu Zi-Hao Yang Sheng Ye Tian-Ming Yuan Chen-Mei Zhang Yuan-Yuan Zhang | 2020 | World Journal of Pediatrics2020，16，3： | 45 |
| 2 | 美国儿童医院人文关怀组织Child Life介绍显示文摘Child Life项目是美国儿童医院重要的构成部分,该项目不仅服务于住院患儿,而且服务于门诊、日间诊所、居家护理、口腔诊所、舒缓治疗、康复理疗甚至临终关怀等各个领域,同时关注于患儿住院及其他治疗护理经历所伴随的心理社会问题。Child Life应用治疗性游戏、感觉表达等方法解决患儿的发育和健康问题,通过干预促进患儿对压力性环境的调适,降低其焦虑水平,促进患儿的心理健康和发育。 | 杨芹 | 2017 | 护理学杂志2017，32，9： | 36 |
| 3 | 转化生长因子β1基因多态性对乙型肝炎肝硬化的影响显示文摘目的探讨转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)基因多态性与乙型肝炎肝硬化的关系及其对血浆TGFβ1浓度的影响。方法分别应用聚合酶链反应扩增难控性突变系统(PCR ARMS)和Lightcycler结合测序的方法,测定了92名健康对照者和134例肝硬化患者TGFβ1基因-988、-800、-509、codon10、codon25和codon263位点的单核苷酸多态性,并确定了其基因型和等位基因频率的分布;用ARLEQUNVer2.0软件分析了-509位点和codon10位点等位基因之间是否存在连锁不平衡;用ELISA的方法检测了血浆中TGFβ1和Ⅳ型胶原的浓度,用放射免疫法检测了血浆中透明质酸和Ⅲ型前胶原N端肽。结果本研究中TGFβ1基因-988、-800、codon25和codon263位点不存在基因多态性;-509位点基因型及等位基因分布频率在肝硬化组和正常对照组中差异无统计学意义,codon10TT基因型及等位基因T在肝硬化组中的分布频率(0.313,0.537)明显高于对照组(0.196,0.440)。把肝硬化患者按Child Pugh分级分为A、B、C3组,-509CC基因型在肝硬化C级组中的分布频率(0.631)明显高于TT基因型(0.325),codon10位点基因多态性在肝硬化的各个分级组中的分布频率差异无统计学意义。肝硬化组血浆TGFβ1、Ⅳ型胶原、透明质酸及Ⅲ型前胶原N端肽的浓度显著高于对照组。在对照组中。 | 杨再兴 王皓 高春芳 徐玲玲 赵文静 | 2005 | 中华医学杂志2005，85，15： | 28 |
| 4 | 肝硬化患者并发糖尿病及其相关因素分析──附660例报告显示文摘目的:探讨肝硬化患者并发糖尿病的发生率及其危险因素。方法:对660例肝硬化患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:肝硬化患者并发糖尿病的发生率在不同的年龄组、肝病病程组之间比较差异均有统计学意义,在丙型肝炎病毒阳性与阴性组及乙型肝炎病毒阳性与阴性之间差异均有统计学意义;而在不同的民族及性别,肝功能分级,门、脾静脉内径及有无嗜酒比较差异均无统计学意义。肝硬化并发糖尿病组的平均年龄高于单纯肝硬化组,差异有统计学意义;而血清白蛋白、总胆红素、ALT及肝功能ChildPugh评分在两组比较,差异均无统计学意义。Logistic回归分析结果显示,丙型肝炎病毒感染及肝病病程长是肝硬化并发糖尿病的主要危险因素。结论:肝硬化患者并发糖尿病与民族及性别,嗜酒,门、脾静脉内径,肝功能损害程度及血清白蛋白、总胆红素、ALT等无明显关系,而与年龄、肝病病程、丙型肝炎病毒感染等因素有关,其中与肝病病程、丙型肝病病毒感染关系最密切。 | 崔春吉 李永宇 崔顺子 朴熙绪 裴风郁 | 2005 | 新医学2005，36，5： | 24 |
| 5 | 肝癌肝硬化患者生化、凝血指标与Child-Pugh分级之间的相关性显示文摘目的探讨肝癌肝硬化患者生化指标和凝血指标的变化及其与Child-Pugh肝功能分级积分之间的相互关系。方法对135例肝癌肝硬化患者进行Child-Pugh分级并分别测定其相关肝功能各生化指标和凝血指标。结果 Child-Pugh肝功能分级加重,肝功能白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)、ALB/球蛋白(A/G)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)与天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的比值(ALT/AST)、纤维蛋白原(Fbg)指标浓度呈递减现象,与Child-Pugh肝功能积分均呈显著负相关,肝功能总胆红素(TBIL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、5'-核苷酸酶(5'-NT)、腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、单胺氧化酶(MAO)、α1-抗胰蛋白酶(ATRYP)和凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)指标浓度呈递增现象,与Child-Pugh积分均呈显著正相关,且各指标Child Pugh A、B、C三级之间存在一定显著性差异。结论肝癌肝硬化患者存在明显肝功能、凝血异常,且与肝硬化程度密切相关。 | 陈欣 刘怀平 刘树业 | 2013 | 中国老年学杂志2013，33，20： | 23 |
| 6 | 血小板、凝血指标与老年肝硬化患者Child-Pugh分级的关系显示文摘目的探讨血小板、凝血指标与肝硬化老年患者Child-Pugh分级的关系。方法选取140例肝硬化患者作为观察组,60例健康对照者作为对照组。依据Child-Pugh标准将肝硬化患者分为3级,A级54例,B级51例,C级35例。根据肝硬化患者是否合并出血分为出血组(38例)和未出血组(102例)。检测以下指标:血小板计数(PLT)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、大血小板比率(P-LCR)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)及纤维蛋白原(Fbg),分别比较肝硬化组和对照组,ChildA、B、C级以及肝硬化出血组和未出血组间以上所测指标的差异。结果肝硬化组PLT和Fbg显著低于对照组,肝硬化组MPV、PDW、P-LCR、PT、TT及aPTT明显大于对照组(P<0.05);Child分级越差,PLT和Fbg越低,MPV、PDW、P-LCR、PT、TT及aPTT越高(P<0.05);出血组PLT和Fbg显著低于未出血组,出血组MPV、PDW、P-LCR、PT、TT及aPTT明显大于未出血组(P<0.05)。结论肝硬化患者的血小板功能和凝血功能明显下降,且血小板参数和凝血功能指标能反映肝硬化患者肝脏损害程度和出血倾向。 | 王珏琼 | 2013 | 中国老年学杂志2013，33，24： | 19 |
| 7 | Otitis media with effusion in children: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.A review显示文摘Otitis media with effusion(OME)is a frequent paediatric disorder.The condition is often asymptomatic,and so can easily be missed.However,OME can lead to hearing loss that impairs the child's language and behavioural development.The diagnosis is essentially clinical,and is based on otoscopy and(in some cases)tympanometry.Nasal endoscopy is only indicated in cases of unilateral OME or when obstructive adenoid hypertrophy is suspected.Otitis media with effusion is defined as the observation of middle-ear effusion at consultations three months apart.Hearing must be evaluated(using an age-appropriate audiometry technique)before and after treatment,so as not to miss another underlying cause of deafness(e.g.perception deafness).Craniofacial dysmorphism,respiratory allergy and gastro-oesophageal reflux all favour the development of OME.Although a certain number of medications(antibiotics,corticoids,antihistamines,mucokinetic agents,and nasal decongestants)can be used to treat OME,they are not reliably effective and rarely provide long-term relief.The benchmark treatment for OME is placement of tympanostomy tubes(TTs)and(in some cases)adjunct adenoidectomy.The TTs rapidly normalize hearing and effectively prevent the development of cholesteatoma in the middle ear.In contrast,TTs do not prevent progression towards tympanic atrophy or a retraction pocket.Adenoidectomy enhances the effectiveness of TTs.In children with adenoid hypertrophy,adenoidectomy is indicated before the age of 4 but can be performed later when OME is identified by nasal endoscopy.Children must be followed up until OME has disappeared completely,so that any complications are not missed. | Pauline Vanneste Cyril Page | 2019 | Journal of Otology2019，14，2： | 19 |
| 8 | Henoch-Schonlein purpura with intestinal perforation and cerebral hemorrhage: A case report显示文摘Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) with intestinal perforation and cerebral hemorrhage is a very rare clinical condition. There has been no report of HSP complicated with both intestinal perforation and cerebral hemorrhage until October 2012. Here we describe a case of HSP with intestinal perforation and cerebral hemorrhage in a 5-year-old girl. Plain abdominal radiograph in the erect position showed heavy gas in the right subphrenic space with an elevated diaphragm. Partial resection of the small intestine was performed, and pathological analysis suggested chronic suppurative inflammation in all layers of the ileal wall and mesentery. Seventeen days after surgery, cerebral hemorrhage developed and the patient died. | Hong-Liang Wang Hai-Tao Liu Qi Chen Yang Gao Kai-Jiang Yu | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，16： | 18 |
| 9 | 肝炎肝硬化患者的肝功能检验结果分析显示文摘目的探讨分析肝炎肝硬化患者的肝功能检验结果的临床意义。方法选择2010年1月—2013年1月在该院在检验肝功能的80例肝炎肝硬化患者,抽取其清晨空腹静脉血,检测肝功能各项指标,另取同时期80例健康志愿者作为对照组,相同条件下抽静脉血检测肝功能。结果实验组患者血清胆固醇、血清胆碱酯酶活性以及白蛋白水平均低于对照组,差异有统计意义,同时实验组患者ChildA、B、C级肝功能检验结果显示血清胆碱酯酶活性、白蛋白和血清胆固醇下降明显,以C级下降程度最高,A级下降程度最轻。结论通过对肝炎肝硬化患者检验肝功能的结果可以帮助临床医生了解患者肝脏损伤程度和病情严重程度,为后续治疗提供可靠依据。 | 徐传森 陈营 | 2013 | 中国卫生产业2013，10，24： | 16 |
| 10 | 肝癌肝硬化患者肝功能相关指标与Child-Pugh分级之间的相互关系显示文摘目的探讨肝癌肝硬化患者肝功能各生化指标变化及其与Child-Pugh肝功能分级积分之间的相互关系。方法对124例肝癌肝硬化患者进行Child-Pugh分级并分别测定其相关肝功能各生化指标,同时检测了凝血酶原时间(PT)。结果 Child-Pugh肝功能分级加重,肝功能清蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)、ALB/球蛋白(GLB)、拟胆碱脂酸(Pche)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶与天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶的比值指标浓度呈递减现象,与Child-Pugh肝功能积分均呈显著负相关,肝功能总胆红素(TBIL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)和PT指标浓度呈递增现象,与Child-Pugh积分均呈显著正相关,且各指标Child-Pugh A、B、C三级之间存在一定显著性差异。结论肝癌肝硬化患者存在明显肝功能异常,且与肝硬化程度密切相关。 | 张宇晴 邹学森 王勋松 解长佶 | 2010 | 检验医学与临床2010，7，10： | 14 |
| 11 | Therapeutic upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in Paediatric Gastroenterology显示文摘Since the first report of use of endoscopy in children in the 1970 s, there has seen an exponential growthin published experience and innovation in the field. In this review article we focus on modern age therapeutic endoscopy practice, explaining use of traditional as well as new and innovative techniques, for diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the paediatric upper gastrointestinal tract. | Imdadur Rahman Praful Patel Philip Boger Shahnawaz Rasheed Mike Thomson Nadeem Ahmad Afzal | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，3： | 14 |
| 12 | 乙肝肝硬化患者抑郁情绪与肝硬化病情严重程度的相关性显示文摘目的探讨乙肝肝硬化患者抑郁情绪与肝硬化病情严重程度的相关性。方法随机选择乙肝肝硬化患者114例,其中Child pugh分级A级42例、B级38例和C级34例,分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和焦虑量表(HAMA)对患者进行评定。结果 114例乙肝肝硬化患者中有38例(其中A级10例、B级12例和C级16例)患者有情绪障碍,占33.33%。Child pugh A级、B级和C级患者情绪障碍发生率分别为23.81%、31.58%、和47.06%,Child pugh C级患者情绪障碍发生率明显高于病情较轻的A级和B级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。Child pugh C级患者HAMA和HAMD各项目评分明显高于A级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,乙肝肝硬化患者抑郁情绪与肝硬化病情严重程度呈正相关(r=0.865,P=0.005)结论研究表明乙肝肝硬化患者存在一定比例的情绪障碍,且乙肝肝硬化患者情绪障碍发生与肝硬化患者病情严重程度存在一定相关性。 | 常桂彬 郑玉宝 | 2014 | 热带医学杂志2014，14，7： | 13 |
| 13 | Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund.RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours. | Sophie E Moore Rosana E Norman Shuichi Suetani Hannah J Thomas Peter D Sly James G Scott | 2017 | World Journal of Psychiatry2017，7，1： | 12 |
| 14 | Does playing a sports active video game improve object control skills of children with autism spectrum disorder?显示文摘Background: Active video games(AVGs) encourage whole body movements to interact or control the gaming system, allowing the opportunity for skill development. Children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) show decreased fundamental movement skills in comparison with their typically developing(TD) peers and might benefit from this approach. This pilot study investigates whether playing sports AVGs can increase the actual and perceived object control(OC) skills of 11 children with ASD aged 6–10 years in comparison to 19 TD children of a similar age.Feasibility was a secondary aim.Methods: Actual(Test of Gross Motor Development) and perceived OC skills(Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Children) were assessed before and after the intervention(6 × 45 min).Results: Actual skill scores were not improved in either group. The ASD group improved in perceived skill. All children completed the required dose and parents reported the intervention was feasible.Conclusion: The use of AVGs as a play-based intervention may not provide enough opportunity for children to perform the correct movement patterns to influence skill. However, play of such games may influence perceptions of skill ability in children with ASD, which could improve motivation to participate in physical activities. | Jacqueline Edwards Sarah Jeffrey Tamara May Nicole J.Rinehart Lisa M.Barnett | 2017 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2017，6，1： | 12 |
| 15 | Child Life干预在骨折住院患儿围术期护理宣教中的应用效果研究显示文摘目的探讨Child Life干预在骨折住院患儿围术期护理宣教中的作用。方法将192例四肢骨折需行手术的患儿,按Child Life服务开展前后分为对照组和观察组,各96例。观察组予Child Life干预,以医疗性游戏的方式进行围术期护理宣教;对照组为常规的宣教方式。分别在患儿入院时、术前1 d、术后1 d对患儿和家长应用焦虑自评量表进行焦虑程度评定,并测评两组患儿术后锻炼依从性。结果观察组患儿和家长焦虑自评量表'术前1 d''术后1 d'分值相比于'入院时'分值有逐步降低趋势(P<0.05);两组患儿的干预前后相应分值都有降低(P<0.05);总体而言,观察组分值下降程度比对照组显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患儿术后功能锻炼依从性比较,观察组患儿明显高于对照组患儿,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论围手术期Child Life的干预有助于缓解家长和患儿的焦虑情绪,增加术后功能锻炼的依从性。 | 许丽琴 陈朔晖 吴小花 陆小桐 | 2019 | 护理与康复2019，18，4： | 12 |
| 16 | 血清胆碱酯酶与肝硬化Child-Pugh分级及血清肝纤维化指标的相关性显示文摘目的探讨肝硬化患者血清胆碱酯酶与肝硬化病变程度及血清肝纤维化指标的关系。方法测定肝硬化患者血清胆碱酯酶及血清肝纤维化指标。结果随着临床肝硬化程度的加重,血清肝纤维化指标逐渐增高,胆碱酯酶则逐渐降低。肝硬化患者CHE与PCⅢI、C-C、LN及HA呈负相关(P<0.001),CHE与LN之间的相关性随着肝硬化病情加重而更加明显(P<0.001)。结论肝硬化时血清胆碱酯酶与肝纤维化有一定相关性。联合检测PCⅢI、V-C、LN、HA及胆碱酯酶对估测肝硬化的严重程度及预后估计有一定的临床价值。 | 陈卓鹏 | 2005 | 实用肝脏病杂志2005，8，5： | 11 |
| 17 | 肝炎肝硬化中医证型与相关指标的研究进展显示文摘肝硬化目前中医证治分型尚不统一,近年来在血清纤维化、血清肝功能等相关检测指标的相关性研究方面有了较大发展。今后应逐步建立肝炎后肝硬化的中医辨证规范,充分利用ChildPugh分级分析病情、判定预后,同时应注重个体化治疗。 | 余晓珂 冀爱英 | 2008 | 河南中医学院学报2008，23，6： | 9 |
| 18 | Upper airway cough syndrome in 103 children显示文摘Background: In China, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) is only less frequent than cough-variant asthma and accounts for 24.71% of chronic cough. This study aimed to determine the pathogenetic constituents and factors affecting UACS in children of different age groups, and to identify clinical clues for diagnosing UACS and a method for curative effect evaluation. Methods: A total of 103 children with UACS whose chief complaint was chronic cough were studied from January to November 2013 at Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics. According to their age, children with UACS were divided into 3 groups: nursing children, pre-school children, and school-age children. We analyzed the differences in pathogenetic constituents and factors affecting UACS in children. The effect of UACS treatment was evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS) and an objective examination. Chi-squared test and analysis of variance were performed with the SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results: There was a high incidence of UACS in school-age children. Rhinitis with adenoid hypertrophy was the main cause of 103 suspected UACS cases. Adenoidal hypertrophy was the major cause of UACS in the pre-school children group, while rhinitis was the major reason in the nursing children and school-age children groups. Among the 103 children, there were 45 allergenpositive children, with no significant difference among different age groups. VAS scores in the different disease groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (all P | Fan Gao Qing-Long Gu Zi-Dong Jiang | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，6： | 9 |
| 19 | 天冬氨酸转氨酶与丙氨酸氨基转移酶比值和Child Pugh评分对肝硬化预后的评估显示文摘[目的] 探讨天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)/丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)比值与 Child Pugh评分对慢性乙肝肝硬化患者短、中期预后评估的价值。[方法] 对173例肝硬化患者的生存率进行回顾性评估,随访1 a。计算每例患者入院当天的AST/ALT比值与Child Pugh评分,以受试者特征曲线(ROC)下的面积衡量两者预测患者预后的能力,分析AST/ALT比值与Child Pugh评分的相关性。[结果] AST/ALT比值与 Child Pugh 评分呈显著相关( r=0 53,P<0 01)。随访3个月及1 a内分别有30例及50例患者死亡,死亡者AST/ALT比值与 Child Pugh 评分显著高于生存者(P<0 01)。依据 ROC曲线 AST/ALT比值截断值为 1 6,对患者 1 a预后判断的敏感性为55%,特异性为72%;Child Pugh 评分截断值为10,其敏感性76%,特异性 68%,联合应用两者敏感性和特异性可分别提高至85% 和76%。[结论] AST/ALT比值及Child Pugh评分均可有效地预测肝硬化患者的短期和中期预后,联合应用可提高其准确率。 | 何益 熊伍军 | 2005 | 中国中西医结合消化杂志2005，13，1： | 8 |
| 20 | 肝功能Child C级肝硬化病人行腹腔镜胆囊切除术19例报告显示文摘肝硬化病人由于术中易发出血、术后易发肝功能衰竭和腹腔感染,长期以来被认为是腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的禁忌。有关肝功能Child C级肝硬化病人的LC目前临床研究更少。本文回顾性分析肝功能Child C级肝硬化病人行LC19例资料,探讨其安全性及技术特点。 | 丁琼 朱松国 | 2010 | 中国实用外科杂志2010，30，10： | 7 |
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