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| 1 | Abrupt climatic changes on the Tibetan Plateau during the Last Ice Age——Comparative study of the Guliya ice core with the Greenland GRIP ice core显示文摘Based on a comparative study of the Gtdiya ice core with the Greenland GRIP ice core, the abrupt climatic changes on the Tibetan Plateau during the Last Ice Age have been examined. The major stadial-interstadial events and 7 warm events (BrΦrump, Odderade, Oerel, Glinde, Hengelo, Denekamp, BΦlling) are consistent in the two ice cores. However, there are some unique features in the Guliya ice core records. The transition from warm to cold periods in the Guliya ice core is faster than that in the Greenland GRIP ice core. The magnitude of the climatic changes in the Guliya ice core is also larger than that in the Greenland GRIP ice core. Another significant feature of the Guliya ice core records is that there is a series of cycles of about 200 a from 18 to 35 kaBP. 22 warm events and 20 cold events with a fluctuation magnitude of 7℃ have been distinguished. The warm and cold events with a fluctuation magnitude within 3℃ are as high as 100. It is speculated that the abrupt climatic changes in | 姚檀栋 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，4： | 49 |
| 2 | A model for simulating the response of runoff from the mountainous watersheds of inland river basins in the arid area of northwest China to climatic changes显示文摘A model for simulating the response of monthly runoff from the mountainous watersheds to climatic changes is developed.The model is based on the modifications to the HBV runoff model, and therefore represents the characteristics and runoff generation processes of inland river basins in the arid area of northwest China. Taking the mountainous watershed of an inland river, the Heihe River originating from the Qilian Mountains and running through the Hexi Corridor as an example, the monthly runoff changes under different climate scenarios are simulated. The simulation indicates that, during the years from 1994 to 2030, if the annual mean air temperature increases by 0.5℃, and precipitation keeps unchanged, then the runoff of May and October will increase because of the increase of the snow melt runoff, but the runoff of July and August will decrease to some extent because of the increase of evaporation, and as a result, the annual runoff will decrease by 4%. If the precipitation still keeps unchanged, | 康尔泗 程国栋 蓝永超 金会军 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，S1： | 45 |
| 3 | Amplitude of climatic changes in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘On the basis of ice core and meteorological data from the Qinghai-Tibetan (Q-l) Plateau, this article focuses on the discussion of the problems related to the sensitivity of temporal and spatial changes of the climate in high-altitude regions, particularly in the Q-T Plateau. The features of abrupt climatic changes of the past 100 ka, 2 000 a and recent years indicate that the amplitude of these changes in the Q-T Plateau was obviously larger than that in low-altitude regions. The scope of temperature change above 6 000 m in the Q-T Plateau between glacial and interglacial stages could reach over 10C℃, but only about 4℃ in low-elevation regions close to sea level. During the last 2 000 a, the amplitude of temperature changes at Guliya (over 6 000 m a.s.l.) in the Q-T Plateau reached 7℃, in comparison with 2℃ in eastern China at low altitude. In the present age, apparent differences of climatic warming have been observed in the Q-T Plateau, indicating that the warming in high-elevation regions is | YAO Tandong LIU Xiaodong WANG Ninglian SHI Yafeng | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，13： | 47 |
| 4 | New evidence for the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau as a pilot region of climatic fluctuation in China显示文摘Over 40 a observed temperature data in 172 stations in China and historical proxy data were analyzed. Evidence suggested that during 1980-1994, the warmest year appeared first in southeastern part of the Qinghai_Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (henceforth SETP) and then gradually spread northwards and eastwards to eastern China. The climatic change on century time scale in recent 600 a shows 3 relatively warm and clod stages in China. Each warm and cold stage appeared first in Tibet Plateau (henceforth TP) and then in the Qilian Mountains, then in the eastern parts of China. The warm and cold stages in TP were 10-60 a earlier than in the eastern China. The facts show that TP is a pilot region of climatic fluctuation in China on the time scale shorter than 10\+3a. | Song Feng Maocang Tang Dongmei Wang | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，20： | 35 |
| 5 | Decadal climatic variations recorded in Guliya ice core and comparison with the historical documentary data from East China during the last 2000 years显示文摘The high-resolution records of δ18O and snow accumulation variations from the Guliya ice core provide valuable data for research on climatic variations at a decadal resolution during the past 2000 years in China. Based on the ice core data, five spells have been divided: the warm and wet period before 270 AD, the cold and dry period between 280 and 970 AD, the moderate and dry period between 970 and 1510 AD, the well-defined' Little Ice Age 'with drastic cold-warm fluctuations between 1510 and 1930 AD and the warming period since 1930 AD. According to the combination of temperature and precipitation, cold events (55 times) surpass warm ones (26 times), and dry events (55 times) surpass wet ones (45 times). Cold-wet events (14 times) are less than cold-dry ones (16 times), while warmwet events (10 times) are more than warm-dry ones (4 times). If the difference of 2‰ in δ18O (corresponding to 3K in temperature) between two or three adjacent decades is taken as the criterion of it, the abrupt | 施雅风 姚檀栋 杨保 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，S1： | 31 |
| 6 | Mechanism of the Spring Persistent Rains over southeastern China显示文摘The Spring Persistent Rains (SPR) in the areas to the south of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River or over southeastern China (SEC) is a unique synoptic and climatic phenomenon in East Asia. This study reveals a possible mechanism responsible for the climatic cause of SPR formation through climatic mean data analysis and sensitive numerical model experiments. SEC is located at the down-stream of the southwesterly velocity center (SWVC) which lies on the southeastern flank of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). As a result, there are strong southwesterly wind velocity convergence and moisture con-vergence over SEC. This is the immediate climatic cause of SPR formation. In spring, the seasonal evolution of the southwesterly velocity consists with the surface sensible heating over southeastern TP, indicating that the formation of SPR is related to not only the southwesterly wind of mechanical de-flected flow of TP, but also the southwesterly wind of thermal-forced cyclonic low circulation. Sensitive numerical experiments demonstrate that, without TP, both SWVC and the SPR rain belt will disappear. The southwesterly wind velocity increases almost linearly with the amount of the total diabatic heating with TP rising. Therefore, SWVC is the result of the mechanical forcing and thermal forcing of TP. All these strongly suggest that the presence of TP plays a primary role in the climatic formation of SPR. | WAN RiJin1,2,3 & WU GuoXiong1 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Mechanicals (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2 Guangdong Climate and Agrometeorology Center, Guangzhou 510080, China 3 Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meterological Administration, Shanghai 200030, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，1： | 34 |
| 7 | Periodicity of Holocene climatic variations in the Huguangyan Maar Lake显示文摘There exist five primary periods of 2 930, 1 140, 490, 250 and 220 a in the Holocene climatic variations in the Huguangyan Maar Lake, according to the energy-spectrum and filter analyses of high-resolution time sequences (10-15 a) of the sediment dry density. The peak values of the three temperature-decreasing periods with the 2 930 a cycle occur at about 7 300, 4 250 and 1 200 Cal. aBP. There are 7-8 temperature-decreasing periods with the 1 140 a cycle, and the climate fluctuation range is largest in the early Holocene, and reduces gradually in the middle and late Holocene. The millennial-scale climatic change in the Holocene may adjust the global water cycle and the thermohaline circulation intensity through the harmonic tones of the earth’s precession cycle, which in turn influences the global climate change. | LIU Jiaqi LÜ Houyuan JNegendank JMingram LUO Xiangjun WANG Wenyuan CHU Guoqiang | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，18： | 33 |
| 8 | Temporal and spatial variation of annual mean air temperature in arid and semiarid region in northwest China over a recent 46 year period显示文摘We analyzed the 1961-2006 mean surface air temperature data of 138 stations in China's northwest arid and semi-arid areas(CNASA),to measure climate change in terms of annual mean air temperature changes.We used methods of linear regression analysis,multinomial fitting,Empirical Or-thogonal Function(EOF),Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function(REOF),Mann-Kendall,Glide T-examination,wavelet analysis and power spectrum analysis.The results show that(1) the warming rate of the annual mean air temperature in CNASA was 0.35oC/10a during the 1961-2006 study period.Some places in the west part of Xinjiang and east part of the Qinghai plateau,which is impacted by the terrain of leeward slope,exhibit smaller increasing trends.However,the majority of region has shown distinct warming in line with general global warming;(2) The standard deviation of the annual mean temperature distribution is non-uniform.The south Xinjiang and east Qinghai-south Gansu areas show relatively small standard deviations,but the inter-annual variation in annual mean air temperature in the greater part of the region is high;(3) Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia and Tarim Basin are the areas where the temperature changes are most sensitive to the environment.The degree of uniformity in annual mean air temperature increase is higher in the arid and semi-arid area.From the early 1970s,the trend in tempera-ture changed from a decrease to an increase,and there was a marked increase in mean temperature in 1986.After that mean temperature went through a period of rapid increase.The entire area's 10 hottest years all occurred in or since the 1990s,and 90% of various sub-districts' hottest years also occurred after 1990.The process of temperature change appears to have a roughly 5-year and a 10-year cycle;(4) An-nual mean air temperature variation has regional differences.In Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang and Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai areas,the temperature variation in their northern areas was very different from that in their southern areas;(5) Using the REOF method we divided the region into 4 sub-regions:the Northern region,the Plateau region,the Southern Xinjiang region and the Eastern region.The region's annual mean air temperature transition has regional differences.The Plateau and Southern Xinjiang re-gions got warmer steadily without any obvious acceleration in the rate of warming.The Northern region's warming started about 5-years earlier than that of the low latitude Eastern region.The 'Startup region' of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,appears to undergo temperature changes 3 to 10 years earlier than the other regions,and exhibits inter-decadal variations 1 to 2 years ahead of the other regions. | Chen, ShaoYong Shi, YuanYuan Guo, YuZhen Zheng, YanXiang | 2010 | Journal of Arid Land2010，2，2： | 24 |
| 9 | A sedimentological proxy indicator linking changes in loess and deserts in the Quaternary显示文摘From Yulin, which is located in the transitional zone between the Loess Plateau and the Mu Us desert, to Weinan in the southernmost part of the Loess Plateau, 9 loess sections were studied. Grain size analyses show that the advance-retreat changes of the deserts in northern China may be the most important factor controlling changes in the sand particle percentage of the loess-soil sequences during the last glacial-interglacial period. It is thus suggested to use the sand grain content of loess deposits as a proxy indicator of desert variations. Applying this indicator to the last glacial loess deposits in the northwestern part of the Loess Plateau reveals that there were many millennial-scale cycles of the desert environments. | 丁仲礼 孙继敏 刘东生 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，2： | 24 |
| 10 | Preliminary Analysis of Climatic Variation during the Last 39 Years in China显示文摘The preliminary analysis of climatic variation in China during the last 39 years has been made in this paper. The results show that although the global climate is getting warmer, some parts of China are cooling. The warming only occurs in Northeast, North and the west part of Northwest China while the areas between about 35°N and Nanling Mountain, east of the Tibetan Plateau in China are getting cooler. The cooling centers are located in Sichuan, the south part of Shaanxi and the north part of Yunnan respectively. According to the theory of greenhouse effect, there are much precipitation at low and high latitudes and less precipitation in middle latitude. However, the precipitation in the most parts of China has been decreased, especially in North and Northwest China. | 陈隆勋 邵永宁 董敏 任阵海 田广生 | 1991 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1991，8，3： | 22 |
| 11 | STUDY ON CLIMATIC FEATURES OF SURFACE TURBULENT HEAT EXCHANGE COEFFICIENTS AND SURFACE THERMAL SOURCES OVER THE QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU显示文摘Using monthly mean of surface turbulent heat exchange coefficients calculated based on datafrom four automatic weather stations(AWS)for thermal equilibrium observation in July 1993—September 1996 and of surface conventional measurements,an empirical expression is establishedfor such coefficients.With the expression,the heat exchange coefficients and the components ofsurface thermal source are computed in terms of 1961—1990 monthly mean conventional data from148 stations over the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau(QXP)and its adjoining areas,and the1961—1990 climatic means are examined.Evidence suggests that the empirical expression is capable of showing the variation of the heatexchange coefficient in a climatic context.The monthly variation of the coefficients averaged overthe QXP is in a range of 4×10-3-5×10-3.The wintertime values are bigger in the mountainsthan in the valleys and reversal in summer.Surface effective radiation and sensible heat are thedominant factors of surface total heat.In spring surface sensible heat is enhanced quickly,resulting in two innegligible regions of sensible heat,one in the west QXP and the other innorthern Tibet.with their maximums emerging in different months.In spring and summersensible heat and surface effective radiation are higher in the west than in the east.The effectiveradiation peaks for the east in October—December and the whole QXP and in June and October forthe west.The surface total heat of the plateau maximizes in May.minimizes in December andJanuary,and shows seasonal variation more remarkable in the SW compared to the eastern part.Inthe SW plateau the total heat is much more intense than the eastern counterpart in all the seasonsexcept winter.Under the effect of the sensible heat,the total heat on the SW plateau starts toconsiderably intensify in February,which leads to a predominant heating region in the west,withits center experiencing a noticeable westward migration early in summer and twice pronouncedweakening in July and after October.However,the weakening courses are owing to differentcauses.The total heat over the north of QXP is greatly strengthened in March.thus generatinganother significant thermal region in the plateau. | 赵平 陈隆勋 | 2000 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2000，14，1： | 19 |
| 12 | Effect of climatic change on snowmelt runoffs in mountainous regions of inland rivers in Northwestern China显示文摘Climatic change has significant impacts on snow cover in mid-latitude mountainous re- gions, in the meantime, spatial and temporal changes of snow cover and snowmelt runoffs are con- sidered as sensitive indicators for climatic change. In this study, the upper Heihe Watershed in the Qilian Mountains was selected as a typical area affected by snow cover and snowmelt runoffs in northwestern China. The changes in air temperatures, precipitation, snowfall and spring snowmelt runoffs were analyzed for the period from 1956 to 2001. The results indicate that climatic warming was apparent, particularly in January and February, but precipitation just fluctuated without a clear trend. The possible changes of snowmelt runoffs in the upper Heihe watershed in response to a warming of 4℃ were simulated using Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) based on the degree-day factor algorithm. The results of the simulation indicate that a forward shifting of snow melting season, an increase in water flows in earlier melting season, and a decline in flows in later melting season would occur under a 4℃ warming scenario. | WANG Jian1 & LI Shuo2 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. College of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，8： | 18 |
| 13 | Permafrost on the Qinghai-tibet Plateau under a Changing Climate显示文摘Permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has experienced major shifts during theQuaternary. During the past 40 years, permafrost has been degrading extensively, due to climaticwarming. Simulations suggest significant degradation of permafrost both in extent and inthickness within the next 50-100 years. Freshwater wetlands on the QTP can contributesignificantly to the global budgets in the atmospheric greenhouse gases. Permafrost degradationon the QTP has caused destabilization of foundations of engineering structures, deterioration ofgrasslands and meadows, and weakening of permafrost control on water resources. | JIN Huijun CHENG Guodong LI Xin LI Shuxun Observatory and Research Station of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, LIGG, CAS, Lanzhou 730000 CHINA. | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，S1： | 14 |
| 14 | Climatic and lake environmental changes in the Serling Co region of Tibet over a variety of timescales显示文摘The Serling Co region is located at the transitional zone of the interaction between the Indian monsoon and the westerlies over the Tibetan Plateau. The Serling Co lake covers a water area of2,389 km2(June 2017) in a 45,530 km2drainage basin. Under the dramatic hydro-meteorological changes on the Tibetan Plateau in recent decades, and complex hydrological compositions of rivers and lakes in the basin, the lake area expanded by 43%, from1,667 km2in 1976, to 2,389 km2in 2017 (1)In 2014 it surpassed Nam Co as the largest lake on the Tibetan Plateau [2], and exerts significant effect on regional environmental conditions. | Liping Zhu Junbo Wang Jianting Ju Ning Ma Yinsheng Zhang Chong Liu Boping Han Linshan Liu Mingda Wang Qingfeng Ma | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，7： | 13 |
| 15 | Spatial structure and scale feature of the atmospheric pollution source impact of city agglomeration显示文摘The spatial structure and multi-scale feature of the atmospheric pollution influence domain of Beijing and its peripheral areas (a rapidly developed city agglomeration) is dissected and analyzed in this paper on the basis of the atmospheric pollution dynamic-chemical process observation data of the urban building ensemble boundary layer of the Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Experiment (BECAPEX) in winter (February) and summer (August) 2003, and relevant meteorological elements and satellite retrieval aerosol optical depth (AOD), etc. comprehensive data with the dynamic-statistical integrated analysis of 'point-surface' spatial structure. Results show that there existed significant difference in the contribution of winter/summer different pollution emission sources to the component character of atmospheric pollution, and the principal component analysis (PCA) results of statistical model also indicate that SO2 and NOX dominated in the component structure of winter aerosol particle; instead, CO and NOX dominated in summer. Surface layer atmospheric dynamic and thermal structures and various pollutant species at the upper boundary of building ensembles at urban different observational sites of Beijing in winter and summer showed an 'in-phase' variation and its spatial scale feature of 'influence domain'. The power spectrum analysis (PSA) shows that the period spectrum of winter/summer particle concentration accorded with those of atmospheric wind field: the longer period was dominative in winter, but the shorter period in summer, revealing the impact of the seasonal scale feature of winter/summer atmospheric general circulation on the period of atmospheric pollution variations. It is found that from analyzing urban area thermal heterogeneity that the multiscale effect of Beijing region urban heat island (UHI) was associated with the heterogeneous expansion of tall buildings area. In urban atmospheric dynamical and thermal characteristic spatial structures, the turbulent scale feature of the urban boundary layer (UBL) of architectural complexes had important impact on the multi-scale feature of urban atmospheric pollution. The comprehensive analyses of the variational analysis field of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) AOD-surface PM10 under the condition of clear sky and the correlation resultant wind vector field for pollution source-tracing suggest that the emission sources for winter Beijing atmospheric pollution aerosols particle might be remotely traced to the south peripheral greater-scale spatial range of Hebei, Shandong, Tianjin, etc., and the spatial distribution of the high value area of AOD was associated with that of the high value area of resident family number (heating surface source). The backward trajectory feature of winter/ summer air particles exhibits analogous multi-scale feature, and depicts the difference in the scale feature of the pollution sources spatial distribution in different seasons. The peripheral source trajectory paths of urban atmospheric pollution (UAP) mainly come from the fixed industrial surface source or heating surface source in the outskirt of Beijing, and the diffusion and transport distance of peripheral sources in winter is larger than one in summer. The above conclusions depict the multi-scale spatial influence domain and seasonal features caused by UAP source influence and atmospheric dynamical structure. The high value area of the winter Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) AOD lay in the Beijing region and its south peripheral area, an S-N zonal pattern, which reflects the dynamical effect of peripheral topographic pattern on the diffusion of regional scale atmospheric pollution sources. Study suggests that the extent of winter atmospheric pollution within the 'valley' megarelief in Beijing and periphery was close related with the pollution emission sources of the south peripheral area; and the significant 'anti-phase' variation feature of winter AOD and sunshine duration in Beijing and its peripheral areas, and regional scale correlation of low cloud cover, fog days, and aerosols reflects the local climatic effect of aerosol influence in this region. Besides, analysis of the impacts of atmospheric dry/wet deposition distributions within a valley-scale on the regional water body of Miyun reservoir also reveals the possible influence of the multi-scale spatial structure of summer water, soil and atmospheric pollution sources on the water quality of Miyun reservoir. | XU Xiangde ZHOU Xiuji SHI Xiaohui | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z2： | 13 |
| 16 | Monsoon regions: the highest rate of precipitation changesobserved from global data显示文摘The global distributions of the rate of precipitation change at seasonal, interannual and interdecadal scales are computed from the observed global data sets. The analysis has revealed that the monsoon regions in Asia and West Africa, and to lesser extent Australia, have the highest rate of precipitation change at all time scales in the world. These changes are manifested as seasonal jump, high interannual and interdecadal variability and abrupt changes between climate regimes. | Congbin Fu Zhaomei Zheng | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，8： | 12 |
| 17 | The Climatic Fluctuation and Important Events of Holocene Megathermal in China显示文摘Data from various sources including the ice core, inland lakes , paleosols in loess and eolian sands, sea level fluctuations, paleozoological, archeological evidences especially palynology and bontanical studies of China are reviewed . Holocene Megathermal mainly appeared during 8. 5-3 ka BP and lasted for 5. 5 ka. There were several strong climatic fluctuations and cooling events during this period, e. g. it was an unstable temperature fluctuation phase during 8. 5-7. 2 ka BP and was accompanied with the increase of the precipitation as well as the northward and westward migration of the vegetation zone ; the rapid development of Neolithic Culture happened in this phase. It was a stable warm and wet phase from 7. 2 to 6 ka BP, i. e. Megathermal Maximum, when monsoon was rainfall almost throughout China, plants were unprecedentedly flourished, and the Yangshao Culture reached its climax. It is characterized by strong climatic fluctuation and adverse environment during 6-5 ka BP and the impact of | 施雅风 孔昭宸 王苏民 唐领余 王富葆 姚檀栋 赵希涛 张丕远 施少华 | 1994 | Science China Chemistry1994，37，3： | 12 |
| 18 | CLIMATIC CHANGE SINCE LITTLE ICE AGE RECORDED BY DUNDE ICE CAP显示文摘The climatic change since the Little Ice Age recorded in the Dunde Ice Cap is presentedin this paper. There have been three cold periods and three warm periods since 1400AD.Among them, the coldest one was in the 17th century. Many evidences verified the three coldand warm variations recorded in the Dundc Ice Cap. But it was found from the comparison between the Dunde Icc Cap climatic record and thewinter temperature record in Shanghai that there was a temporal dfference in climatic changebetween East China and West China. The general trend is that the cooling and warmingprocesses in West China were earlier than that in East China. In the Dunde Ice Cap, it isnow in an anomalous warm period, while it is not as warm as in Dunde Ice Cap recordaccording to the winter temperature in Shanghai. In addition to the possible cause of temporaldifference in climatic change between West China and East China, another possible cause isthat the greenhouse effect of CO2 may already be recognizable in the Dunde Ice Cap | 姚檀栋 谢自楚 武筱舲 L.G.THOMPSON | 1991 | Science China Chemistry1991，34，6： | 12 |
| 19 | Chronology of Holocene lacustrine sediments in Co Ngoin, central Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Chronology is the basis for using lacustrine sediments to reconstruct the history of en-vironmental change. Radioactive-nuclides such as 14C, 210Pb and 137Cs dating are mainly used to establish the chronology for recent several ten thousand years. Because of being mixed with “dead carbon”, the measured 14C age is always older than the actual age which is recognized as “reservoir effect”. Cs is a kind of active metal element, and easy to migrate vertically in the sediment that leads to the error of the time marker. 210Pb dating should make sure to select CIC model or CRS model. On the Tibetan Plateau, most of the lakes are alkaline closed lake where Cs is more moveable in the sediment and the reservoir effect caused by “dead carbon” on 14C dating is stronger. Based on the analysis on results of 14C, 210Pb and 137Cs of the lacustrine sediments from Co Ngoin, central Tibetan Plateau, we use the simple regression method to re-calculate the 14C calendar ages, and establish the time sequence for cores CE-1 and CE-2 with result of 210Pb CRS model for the upper 35 cm and re-calculated 14C calendar age for sediments bellow 35 cm. Since 1400 cal. a BP, sedimentation inter-rupted for more than 1000 years. According to this time sequence, variations of environmental proxies confidently reflect the major climatic events in Holocene. | WU Yanhong1, WANG Sumin1& HOU Xinhua1,3 1. Key Laboratory of Lake Sedimentation and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10085, China 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，9： | 11 |
| 20 | CLIMATOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RAPIDLY INTENSIFYING (RI) TROPICAL CYCLONES IN NW PACIFIC WEST OF 135°E^1显示文摘Tropical cyclones which rapidly intensify (ΔV≥ 20 m/s in 24 h)in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of 135°E could have adverse influence on oceanic and coastal economic activities in China, 71% of which land in China. Rapid intensification is mostly seen east and northeast of the Luzon Island. It is much correlated with sea surface temperature(≥28℃)and upper air conditions, such as enhanced subtropical high, onset of Southwest monsoon surge, invasion of modest cold air, and Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough(TUTT) etc. Abovementioned processes enhance inflows in the low level and deep convection in the area of inner core. Statistics of satellite pixels have confirmed that rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones are marked by a sharp increase in the inner core convection and stable or slowly-increasing deep convection in outer region. Non-rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones have only constant or decreased deep convection in inner core and outer region. The sharp increasing of deep convection in the inner core and the rapid warming in its upper level is a forewarning of rapid intensification of tropical cyclones. | 阎俊岳 张秀芝 李江龙 | 1998 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology1998，4，1： | 11 |
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