Dicoumarol enhances gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in high NQO1-expressing cholangiocarcinoma cells

查看全文 作　　者：Benjaporn [1]Buranrat;Auemduan [1]Prawan;Upa [2]Kukongviriyapan;Sarinya Kong-[1]petch;Veerapol [1]Kukongviriyapan 机构地区：[1]Department of Pharmacol-ogy, Faculty of Medicine, and Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcino-ma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;[2]Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand 出　　处：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》索引2010年第16卷第19期,共9页 基　　金：Supported by Thailand Research Fund, National Science and Technology Development Agency, research funding from KhonKaen University;the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program (toKongpetch S);the Office of the Commission on Higher Educa-tion (to Buranrat B) 摘　　要：AIM: To investigate whether dicoumarol, a potent inhibitor of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), potentiates gemcitabine to induce cytotoxicity in chol-angiocarcinoma cells (CCA) and the role of reactive oxygen generation in sensitizing the cells. METHODS: Four human cell lines with different NQO1 activity were used; the human CCA cell lines, KKU-100, KKU-OCA17, KKU-M214, and Chang liver cells. NQO1 activity and mRNA expression were determined. The cells were pretreated with dicoumarol at relevant concentrations before treatment with gemcitabine. Cytotoxicity was determined by staining with fluorescent dyes. Oxidant formation was examined by assay of cellular glu-tathione levels and reactive oxygen species production by using dihydrofluorescein diacetate. Measurement of mitochondrial transmembrane potential was performed by using JC-1 fluorescent probe. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine levels of survival related proteins. RESULTS: Dicoumarol markedly enhanced the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine in KKU-100 and KKU-OCA17, the high NQO1 activity and mRNA expressing cells, but not in the other cells with low NQO1 activity. Dicoumarol induced a marked decrease in cellular redox of gluta-thione in KKU-100 cells, in contrast to KKU-M214 cells. Dicoumarol at concentrations that inhibited NQO1 activity did not alter mitochondrial transmembrane potential and production of reactive oxygen species. Gemcitabine alone induced activation of NF-κB and Bcl-XL protein expression. However, gemcitabine and dicoumarol combination induced increased p53 and decreased Bcl-XL levels in KKU-100, but not in KKU-M214 cells. CONCLUSION: NQO1 may be important in sensitizing cells to anticancer drugs and inhibition of NQO1 may be a strategy for the treatment of CCA. 关 键 词：NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 DICOUMAROL CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA Chemotherapy Oxidative stress