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Impact of land use change on water resource allocation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China

查看全文 作　　者：YanYun [1,2]NIAN;Xin [1]LI;Jian [1]ZHOU;XiaoLi [1]HU 高影响力作者 机构地区：[1]Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences;[2]College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University高影响力机构 出　　处：《Journal of Arid Land》索引2014年第6卷第3期,共14页高影响力期刊 基　　金：supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Action Plan for West Development Program Project (KZCX2-XB3-15);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91125023);Funds for the Central Universities in China (lzujbky-2011-131) 摘　　要：In recent decades, China has been experiencing rapid economic development, population growth and urbanization. These processes have stressed the shortages of water resources in China, especially in the arid re- gions of northwestern China. In order to sustain the expanding cropland, people increased groundwater exploitation in these regions. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze the changes in land use and water re- sources, and their relationship in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin, a typical inland river basin in northwest China. The data of land use change were interpreted using aerial photographs(1965) and Landsat TM images(1986 and 2007). The data of irrigation water volume in the irrigation districts were spatialized in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The spatial variation of the groundwater depth was interpolated using the geo- statistical method. The results showed that the cultivated cropland area along oasis fringe increased by 15.38% and 43.60% during the periods 1965–1986 and 1986–2007, respectively. Surface water amount for irrigation had almost doubled from 1956 to 2010. The decrease of grassland area mainly occurred at the alluvial fan in front of the Qilian Mountains, with 36.47% during 1965–1986 and 38.56% during 1986–2007, respectively. The groundwater depth in front of the mountain constantly increased from 1986 to 2007. We found that the overuse of surface water and overexploitation of groundwater had direct consequences on the natural environments. We suggests that the efficiency of surface water resources use among different irrigation districts needs to be improved, which will sig- nificantly ease the conflicts between increasing water demand for irrigation and a shortage of water resources in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. 关 键 词：中国西北地区 黑河流域中游 水资源分配 土地使用 土地利用变化 地表水资源 LANDSAT 地下水开采
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