Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer

查看全文 作　　者：Johan [1,2,3]Gagnière;Jennifer [1,2,5]Raisch;Julie [1,2,3]Veziant;Nicolas [1,2]Barnich;Richard [1,2,4]Bonnet;Emmanuel [1,2,3]Buc;Marie-Agnès [1,2,6]Bringer;Denis [1,2,3]Pezet;Mathilde [1,2]Bonnet

机构地区：[1]Clermont Université,UMR 1071 Inserm/Universitéd’Auvergne,63000 Clermont-Ferrand,France;[2]INRA,USC-2018,63000 Clermont-Ferrand,France;[3]Chirurgie Digestive,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire,63000 Clermont-Ferrand,France;[4]Bactériologie,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire,63000 Clermont-Ferrand,France;[5]Laboratoire d’Immunologie,Institut Armand Frappier,Laval H7V 1B7,Canada;[6]INRA UMR 1324,CNRS UMR 6265,Universitéde Bourgogne,Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation,Eye Nutrition and Signalling Research Group,21000 Dijon,France

出　　处：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》索引2016年第22卷第2期,共18页

基　　金：Supported by Inserm and Universitéd’Auvergne(UMR 1071);INRA(USC-2018);grants from“Conseil regional d’Auvergne”;“Nuovo Soldati Foundation for Cancer Research”and“Fondation pour la recherche médicale” 摘　　要：The gut microbiota acts as a real organ. The symbiotic interactions between resident micro-organisms and the digestive tract highly contribute to maintain the gut homeostasis. However, alterations to the microbiome caused by environmental changes(e.g., infection, diet and/or lifestyle) can disturb this symbiotic relationship and promote disease, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer. Colorectal cancer is a complex association of tumoral cells, non-neoplastic cells and a large amount of micro-organisms, and the involvement of the microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis is becoming increasingly clear. Indeed, many changes in the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota have been reported in colorectal cancer, suggesting a major role of dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis. Some bacterial species have been identified and suspected to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis, such as Streptococcus bovis, Helicobacter pylori, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium septicum, Fusobacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. The potential pro-carcinogenic effects of these bacteria are now better understood. In this review, we discuss the possible links between the bacterial microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis, focusing on dysbiosis and the potential pro-carcinogenic properties of bacteria, such as genotoxicity and other virulence factors, inflammation, host defenses modulation, bacterial derived metabolism, oxidative stress and anti-oxidative defenses modulation. We lastly describe how bacterial microbiota modifications could represent novel prognosis markers and/or targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. 关键词：COLORECTAL cancer GUT MICROBIOTA DYSBIOSIS Cyclomodulin OXIDATIVE stress

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Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer

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