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Bacteremia in hemodialysis patients

查看全文 作　　者：Masashi [1,2]Suzuki;Nobuhiko [1,2]Satoh;Motonobu [1]Nakamura;Shoko [1]Horita;George [3]Seki;Kyoji [1,2]Moriya 高影响力作者 机构地区：[1]Department of Internal Medicine,the University of Tokyo Hospital,Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo 113-0033,Japan;[2]Department of Infection Control and Prevention,the University of Tokyo Hospital,Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo 113-0033,Japan;[3]Yaizu City Hospital,Yaizu,Shizuoka 425-8505,Japan高影响力机构 出　　处：《World Journal of Nephrology》索引2016年第5卷第6期,共8页高影响力期刊 摘　　要：Infection is a common complication and is the second leading cause of death in hemodialysis patients. The risk of bacteremia in hemodialysis patients is 26-fold higher than in the general population, and 1/2-3/4 of the causative organisms of bacteremia in hemodialysis patients are Gram-positive bacteria. The ratio of resistant bacteria in hemodialysis patients compared to the general population is unclear. Several reports have indicated that hemodialysis patients have a higher risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. The most common site of infection causing bacteremia is internal prostheses; the use of a hemodialysis catheter is the most important risk factor for bacteremia. Although antibiotic lock of hemodialysis catheters and topical antibiotic ointment can reduce catheter-related blood stream infection(CRBSI), their use should be limited to necessary cases because of the emergence of resistant organisms. Systemic antibiotic administration and catheter removal is recommended for treating CRBSI, although a study indicated the advantages of antibiotic lock and guidewire exchange of catheters over systemic antibiotic therapy. An infection control bundle recommended by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention succeeded in reducing bacteremia in hemodialysis patients with either a catheter or arteriovenous fistula. Appropriate infection control can reduce bacteremia in hemodialysis patients. 关 键 词：血液透析 并发症 治疗方法 临床分析
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