Chimeric antigen receptor T cells in solid tumors: a war against the tumor microenvironment

查看全文 作　　者：Zijun [1,2]Zhao;Xiaoyun [1,3]Xiao;Phei Er [1]Saw;Wei [1,2]Wu;Hongyan [1,2]Huang;Jiewen [1,2]Chen;Yan [1,2]Nie

机构地区：[1]Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510120,China;[2]Breast Tumor Center,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510120,China;[3]Department of Ultrasound,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510120,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》索引2020年第63卷第2期,共26页

摘　　要：Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) T cell is a novel approach, which utilizes anti-tumor immunity for cancer treatment. As compared to the traditional cell-mediated immunity, CAR-T possesses the improved specificity of tumor antigens and independent cytotoxicity from major histocompatibility complex molecules through a monoclonal antibody in addition to the Tcell receptor. CAR-T cell has proven its effectiveness, primarily in hematological malignancies, specifically where the CD19 CAR-T cells were used to treat B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphomas. Nevertheless, there is little progress in the treatment of solid tumors despite the fact that many CAR agents have been created to target tumor antigens such as CEA,EGFR/EGFRvIII, GD2, HER2, MSLN, MUC1, and other antigens. The main obstruction against the progress of research in solid tumors is the tumor microenvironment, in which several elements, such as poor locating ability, immunosuppressive cells,cytokines, chemokines, immunosuppressive checkpoints, inhibitory metabolic factors, tumor antigen loss, and antigen heterogeneity, could affect the potency of CAR-T cells. To overcome these hurdles, researchers have reconstructed the CAR-T cells in various ways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current research in this field, analyze the mechanisms of the major barriers mentioned above, outline the main solutions, and discuss the outlook of this novel immunotherapeutic modality. 关键词：CHIMERIC ANTIGEN T cell SOLID TUMOR TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT

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Chimeric antigen receptor T cells in solid tumors: a war against the tumor microenvironment

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