Another Record: Ocean Warming Continues through 2021 despite La Nina Conditions

查看全文 作　　者：Lijing [1,2]CHENG;John [3]ABRAHAM;Kevin [4]ETRENBERTH;John [4]FASULLO;Tim [5]BOYER;Michael [6]EMANN;Jiang [1,2]ZHU;Fan [2,7]WANG;Ricardo [5]LOCARNINI;Yuanlong [2,7]LI;Bin [2,7]ZHANG;Zhetao [1,2]TAN;Fujiang [8]YU;Liying [8]WAN;Xingrong [8]CHEN;Xiangzhou [9]SONG;Yulong [10]LIU;Franco [11]RESEGHETTI;Simona [12]SIMONCELLI;Viktor [1]GOURETSKI;Gengxin [13]CHEN;Alexey [5,14]MISHONOV;Jim [5]REAGAN

机构地区：[1]International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;[2]Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;[3]University of St.Thomas,School of Engineering,Minnesota 55105,USA;[4]National Center for Atmospheric Research,Boulder,Colorado 80307,USA;[5]National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,National Centers for Environmental Information,Silver Spring,Maryland 20910,USA;[6]Department of Meteorology&Atmospheric Science,The Pennsylvania State University,University Park,Pennsylvania 16802,USA;[7]Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;[8]National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,Ministry of Natural Resources of China,Beijing 100081,China;[9]College of Oceanography,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;[10]National Marine Data and Information Service,Tianjin 300171,China;[11]Italian National Agency for New Technologies,Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,S.Teresa Research Center,Lerici 19032,Italy;[12]Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia,Sede di Bologna,Bologna 40128,Italy;[13]South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;[14]ESSIC/CISESS-MD,University of Maryland,College Park,MD 20742,USA

出　　处：《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》索引2022年第39卷第3期,共13页

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42122046,42076202);Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB42040402);National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42076202);National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0603202);Key Deployment Project of Centre for Ocean Mega-Research of Science,CAS(Grant Nos.COMS2019Q01 and COMS2019Q07);NCAR is sponsored by the US National Science Foundation;supported by NASA Award 80NSSC17K0565;the Regional and Global Model Analysis(RGMA)component of the Earth and Environmental System Modeling Program of the U.S.Department of Energy’s Office of Biological&Environmental Research(BER)via National Science Foundation IA 1844590。 摘　　要：The increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities traps heat within the climate system and increases ocean heat content(OHC). Here, we provide the first analysis of recent OHC changes through 2021 from two international groups. The world ocean, in 2021, was the hottest ever recorded by humans, and the 2021 annual OHC value is even higher than last year’s record value by 14 ± 11 ZJ(1 zetta J = 1021 J) using the IAP/CAS dataset and by16 ± 10 ZJ using NCEI/NOAA dataset. The long-term ocean warming is larger in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans than in other regions and is mainly attributed, via climate model simulations, to an increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. The year-to-year variation of OHC is primarily tied to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). In the seven maritime domains of the Indian, Tropical Atlantic, North Atlantic, Northwest Pacific, North Pacific, Southern oceans,and the Mediterranean Sea, robust warming is observed but with distinct inter-annual to decadal variability. Four out of seven domains showed record-high heat content in 2021. The anomalous global and regional ocean warming established in this study should be incorporated into climate risk assessments, adaptation, and mitigation. 关键词：La Nina ocean heat ocean warming ATTRIBUTION OBSERVATION

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Another Record: Ocean Warming Continues through 2021 despite La Nina Conditions

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