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| 1 | Sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Current issues显示文摘Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy can successfully be performed by applying moderate(conscious) sedation.Moderate sedation,using midazolam and an opioid,is the standard method of sedation,although propofol is increasingly being used in many countries because the satisfaction of endoscopists with propofol sedation is greater compared with their satisfaction with conventional sedation.Moreover,the use of propofol is currently preferred for the endoscopic sedation of patients with advanced liver disease due to its short biologic half-life and,consequently,its low risk of inducing hepatic encephalopathy.In the future,propofol could become the preferred sedation agent,especially for routine colonoscopy.Midazolam is the benzodiazepine of choice because of its shorter duration of action and better pharmacokinetic profile compared with diazepam.Among opioids,pethidine and fentanyl are the most popular.A number of other substances have been tested in several clinical trials with promising results.Among them,newer opioids,such as remifentanil,enable a faster recovery.The controversy regarding the administration of sedation by an endoscopist or an experienced nurse,as well as the optimal staffing of en-doscopy units,continues to be a matter of discussion.Safe sedation in special clinical circumstances,such as in the cases of obese,pregnant,and elderly individuals,as well as patients with chronic lung,renal or liver disease,requires modification of the dose of the drugs used for sedation.In the great majority of patients,sedation under the supervision of a properly trained endoscopist remains the standard practice worldwide.In this review,an overview of the current knowledge concerning sedation during digestive endoscopy will be provided based on the data in the current literature. | John K Triantafillidis Emmanuel Merikas Dimitrios Nikolakis Apostolos E Papalois | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，4： | 35 |
| 2 | 探索MOOC教学方法在mLearning中的运用显示文摘本文把大型开放式网络课程(Massively Open Online Course,以下简称MOOC)作为适应移动学习(mLearning)的一种可能的教学方法,这种教学方法建立在与当前学习或教学形式相适宜的基础上。本文呈现了一个MobiMOOC应用的案例研究,该案例使用MOOC形式创建一门课程,研究展示了MOOC和mLearning之间的协同特性,并将当前数字化的协作学习和知识建构这两个理想领域结合在一起。MobiMOOC是聚焦于mlearning、为期六周的网上课程,于2011年的4月到5月之间进行。MobiMOOC是免费开放的课程,有556位学习者加入了课程谷歌群组。课程结束时的调查结果有力地证明了MOOCs和mLearning之间的协同作用。本篇论文对时间和地点的独立性、情境学习、协作学习、潜在的跨学科信息交流,以及应用于网上学习的技术,如社交媒体,移动设备等方面进行了探讨。 | Inge DE Waard Apostolos Koutropoulos Nilgün zdamar Keskin Sean C.Abajian Rebecca Hogue C.Osvaldo Rodriguez Michael Sean Gallagher 何伏刚 马东明 孙海民 | 2012 | 中国远程教育2012，，5： | 39 |
| 3 | Type 2 diabetes is associated with a worse functional outcome of ischemic stroke显示文摘AIM: To assess whether ischemic stroke severity and outcome is more adverse in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). METHODS: Consecutive patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke between September 2010 and June 2013 were studied prospectively(n = 482; 40.2% males, age 78.8 ± 6.7 years). T2 DM was defined as self-reported T2 DM or antidiabetic treatment. Stroke severity was evaluated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score at admission. The outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale(m RS) score at discharge and with in-hospital mortality. Adverse outcome was defined as m RS score at discharge ≥ 2 or in-hospital death. The length of hospitalization was also recorded.RESULTS: T2 DM was present in 32.2% of the study population. Patients with T2 DM had a larger waist circumference, higher serum triglyceride and glucose levels and lower serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as well as higher prevalence of hypertension, coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure than patients without T2 DM. On the other hand, diabetic patients had lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and reported smaller consumption of alcohol than non-diabetic patients. At admission, the NIHSS score did not differ between patients with and without T2DM(8.7 ± 8.8 and 8.6 ± 9.2, respectively; P = NS). At discharge, the m RS score also did not differ between the two groups(2.7 ± 2.1 and 2.7 ± 2.2 in patients with and without T2 DM, respectively; P = NS). Rates of adverse outcome were also similar in patients with and without T2DM(62.3% and 58.5%, respectively; P = NS). However, when we adjusted for the differences between patients with T2 DM and those without T2 DM in cardiovascular risk factors, T2 DM was independently associated with adverse outcome [relative risk(RR) = 2.39; 95%CI: 1.21-4.72, P = 0.012]. Inhospital mortality rates did not differ between patients with T2 DM and those without T2DM(9.0% and 9.8%, respectively; P = NS). In multivariate analysis adjusting for the difference in cardiovascular risk factors between the two groups, T2 DM was again not associated with in-hospital death. CONCLUSION: T2 DM does not appear to affect ischemic stroke severity but is independently associated with a worse functional outcome at discharge. | Konstantinos Tziomalos Marianna Spanou Stella D Bouziana Maria Papadopoulou Vasilios Giampatzis Stavroula Kostaki Vasiliki Dourliou Maria Tsopozidi Christos Savopoulos Apostolos I Hatzitolios | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，6： | 15 |
| 4 | Red blood cell distribution width in elderly hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease显示文摘BACKGROUND Red blood cell distribution width(RDW)is elevated in patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD).AIM To determine RDW values and impact of CV and non-CV coexisting morbidities in elderly patients hospitalized with chronic CVD.METHODS This prospective study included 204 consecutive elderly patients(age 77.5[7.41]years,female 94[46%],left ventricular ejection fraction 53.00%[37.50,55.00])hospitalized with chronic CVD at the Cardiology Department of Larissa University General Hospital(Larissa,Greece)from January 2019 to April 2019.Elderly patients were selected due to the high prevalence of coexisting morbidities in this patient population.Hospitalized patients with acute CVD(acute coronary syndromes,new-onset heart failure[HF],and acute pericarditis/myocarditis),primary isolated valvular heart disease,sepsis,and those with a history of blood transfusions or cancer were excluded.The evaluation of the patients within 24 h from admission included clinical examination,laboratory blood tests,and echocardiography.RESULTS The most common cardiac morbidities were hypertension and coronary artery disease,with acutely decompensated chronic heart failure(ADCHF)and atrial fibrillation(AF)also frequently being present.The most common non-cardiac morbidities were anemia and chronic kidney disease followed by diabetes mellitus,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and sleep apnea.RDW was significantly elevated 15.48(2.15);121(59.3%)of patients had RDW>14.5%which represents the upper limit of normal in our institution.Factors associated with RDW in stepwise regression analysis were ADCHF(coefficient:1.406;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.830-1.981;P<0.001),AF(1.192;0.673 to 1.711;P<0.001),and anemia(0.806;0.256 to 1.355;P=0.004).ADCHF was the most significant factor associated with RDW.RDW was on average 1.41 higher for patients with than without ADCHF,1.19 higher for patients with than without AF,and 0.81 higher for patients with than without anemia.When patients were grouped based on the presence or absence of anemia,ADCHF and AF,heart rate was not increased in those with anemia but was significantly increased in those with ADCHF or AF.CONCLUSION RDW was elevated in elderly hospitalized patients with chronic CVD.Factors associated with RDW were anemia and CV factors associated with elevated heart rate(ADCHF,AF),suggesting sympathetic overactivity. | Andrew Xanthopoulos Konstantinos Tryposkiadis Apostolos Dimos Angeliki Bourazana Alexandros Zagouras Nikolaos Iakovis Michail Papamichalis Grigorios Giamouzis George Vassilopoulos John Skoularigis Filippos Triposkiadis | 2021 | World Journal of Cardiology2021，13，9： | 13 |
| 5 | Overview of boosting options for future downsized engines显示文摘Driven by a demand for better fuel economy and increasingly stringent emissions regulations over a wide range of customers and applications,engine manufacturers have turned towards engine downsizing as the most potent enabler to meet these requirements.With boosting systems becoming ever more numerous as the technical solutions to complex boosting requirements of the internal combustion engine increase,it is time for an overview of available and under development boosting technologies and systems and for a discussion of their relevance to downsizing efforts.The presented analysis shows that there are no standard solutions for all the different applications as the trends indicate a rising complexity to meet with the extreme boosting requirements predicted for the remainder of the decade.These trends include variable geometry,a shift from single to two(or more)stages,extensive actuation for bypassing exhaust flows,exhaust flow regulation and pulsating exhaust energy recovery, severe electrification and an extensive effort downstream from the turbine to capture waste heat after the principal turbo- charger/supercharger system. | RICARDO Martinez-Botas APOSTOLOS Pesiridis YANG MingYang | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，2： | 13 |
| 6 | Metastatic type 1 gastric carcinoid:A real threat or just a myth?显示文摘AIM:To describe disease characteristics and treatment modalities in a group of rare patients with metastatic gastric carcinoid type 1(GCA1).METHODS:Information on clinical,biochemical,radiological,histopathological findings,the extent of the disease,as well as the use of different therapeutic modalities and the long-term outcome were recorded.Patients’data were assessed at presentation,and thereafter at 6 to 12 monthly intervals both clinically and biochemically,but also endoscopically and histopathologically.Patients were evaluated for the presence of specific symptoms;the presence of autoimmune disorders and the presence of other gastrointestinal malignancies in other family members were also recorded.The evaluation of response to treatment was defined using established WHO criteria.RESULTS:We studied twenty consecutive patients with a mean age of 55.1 years.The mean follow-up period was 83 mo.Twelve patients had regional lymph node metastases and 8 patients had liver metastases.The primary tumor mean diameter was 20.13±10.83mm(mean±SD).The mean Ki-67 index was 6.8%±11.2%.All but one patient underwent endoscopic or surgical excision of the tumor.The disease was stable in all but 3 patients who had progressive liver disease.All patients remained alive during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION:Metastatic GCA1 carries a good overall prognosis,being related to a tumor size of≥1 cm,an elevated Ki-67 index and high serum gastrin levels. | Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg Dimitrios Thomas Jonathan R Strosberg Ulrich-Frank Pape Stephan Felder Apostolos V Tsolakis Krystallenia I Alexandraki Merav Fraenkel Leonard Saiegh Petachia Reissman Gregory Kaltsas David J Gross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，46： | 11 |
| 7 | Double versus single homologous intrauterine insemination for male factor infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘男因素不孕影响 30 % -50%世界范围的不肥沃的夫妇,并且对这些病人的最佳的管理有增加的利息。在比较双、单个的子宫内的授精(IUI ) 的研究,向更高的怀孕的一个趋势评价在结合男因素不孕被观察。因此,我们开始执行元分析与男搭挡的精子检验双对单个的 IUI 的优势在结合男因素不孕。机会比率(或) 95 %信心间隔(CI ) 为怀孕率被计算。结果被根据结果的异质使用 Mantel-Haesel 或 DerSimonian 地主模型分析。总的来说,包含 1125 个 IUI 周期的五试用在元分析被包括。与有单个 IUI 的一个周期相比在有双 IUI 的一个周期以后的怀孕有双重的增加(或:2.0;95 %CI:1.07-3.75;P< 0.03 ) 。不过,这结果主要被归因于大试用的存在那象几乎 50 % 加权;在全面分析。敏感分析,排除这大试用,在两倍 IUI 周期之中向更高的怀孕率揭示了仅仅一个趋势(或:1.58;95 %CI:0.59-4.21 ) ,但是没有统计意义(P=0.20 ) 。我们系统的评论热点关于两倍 IUI 在的使用的可得到的证据结合男因素不孕碎片、弱。尽管可以向更高的怀孕率有一个趋势,当 IUI 的数字每周期被增加时,进一步大、设计得好的使随机化的审判被需要提供稳固的证据指导当前的临床的实践。 | Apostolos Zavos Alexandros Daoonte Antonios Garas Christina Verykouki Evangelos Papanikolao~ Georgios Anifandis Nikolaos P Polyzos | 2013 | Asian Journal of Andrology2013，15，4： | 9 |
| 8 | Digital synthesis of histological stains using micro-structured and multiplexed virtual staining of label-free tissue显示文摘Histological staining is a vital step in diagnosing various diseases and has been used for more than a century to provide contrast in tissue sections,rendering the tissue constituents visible for microscopic analysis by medical experts.However,this process is time consuming,labour intensive,expensive and destructive to the specimen.Recently,the ability to virtually stain unlabelled tissue sections,entirely avoiding the histochemical staining step,has been demonstrated using tissue-stain-specific deep neural networks.Here,we present a new deep-learning-based framework that generates virtually stained images using label-free tissue images,in which different stains are merged following a micro-structure map defined by the user.This approach uses a single deep neural network that receives two different sources of information as its input:(1)autofluorescence images of the label-free tissue sample and(2)a“digital staining matrix”,which represents the desired microscopic map of the different stains to be virtually generated in the same tissue section.This digital staining matrix is also used to virtually blend existing stains,digitally synthesizing new histological stains.We trained and blindly tested this virtual-staining network using unlabelled kidney tissue sections to generate micro-structured combinations of haematoxylin and eosin(H&E),Jones’silver stain,and Masson’s trichrome stain.Using a single network,this approach multiplexes the virtual staining of label-free tissue images with multiple types of stains and paves the way for synthesizing new digital histological stains that can be created in the same tissue cross section,which is currently not feasible with standard histochemical staining methods. | Yijie Zhang Kevin de Haan Yair Rivenson Jingxi Li Apostolos Delis Aydogan Ozcan | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 7 |
| 9 | Effects of mycophenolate mofetil vs cyclosporine administration on graft survival and function after islet allotransplantation in diabetic rats显示文摘AIM: To develop an experimental model of islet allotransplantation in diabetic rats and to determine the positive or adverse effects of MMF as a single agent. METHODS: Thirty-six male Wistar rats and 18 male Lewis rats were used as recipients and donors respectively. Diabetes was induced by the use of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Unpurified islets were isolated using the collagenase digestion technique and transplanted into the splenic parenchyma. The recipients were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: group A (control group) had no immunosuppression; group B received cyclosporine (CsA) (5 mg/kg); group C receivedmycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (20 mg/kg). The animalswere killed on the 12th d. Blood and grafted tissues were obtained for laboratory and histological assessment. RESULTS: Median allograft survival was significantly higher in the two therapy groups than that in the controls (10 and 12 d for CsA and MMF respectively vs 0 d for the control group, P<0.01). No difference in allograft survival between the CsA and MMF groups was found. However,MMF had less renal and hepatic toxicity and allowed weight gain.CONCLUSION: Monotherapy with MMF for immunosu ppression was safe in an experimental model of islet allotransplantation and was equally effective with cyclosporine, with less toxicity. | Constantin Fotiadis Paraskevi Xekouki Apostolos E Papalois PantelisT Antonakis Ioannis Sfiniadakis Dimitrios Flogeras Eleutheria Karampela George Zografos | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，18： | 7 |
| 10 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
| 11 | Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams显示文摘Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections. | 荣彬 陈志华 Apostolos Fafitis 苗纪奎 | 2013 | Transactions of Tianjin University2013，19，3： | 6 |
| 12 | Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms type 1: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND To date, the histopathological parameters predicting the risk of lymph node (LN) metastases and local recurrence, associated mortality and appropriateness of endoscopic or surgical resection in patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms type 1 (GNENs1) have not been fully elucidated. AIM To determine the rate of LN metastases and its impact in survival in patients with GNEN1 in relation to certain clinico-pathological parameters. METHODS The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched through January 2019. The quality of the included studies and risk of bias were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) in accordance with the Cochrane guidelines. A random effects model and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95%CI were applied for the quantitative meta-analysis. RESULTS We screened 2933 articles. Thirteen studies with 769 unique patients with GNEN1 were included. Overall, the rate of metastasis to locoregional LNs was 3.3%(25/769). The rate of LN metastases with a cut-off size of 10 mm was 15.3% for lesions > 10 mm (vs 0.8% for lesions < 10 mm) with a random-effects OR of 10.5 (95%CI: 1.4 -80.8;heterogeneity: P = 0.126;I2 = 47.5%). Invasion of the muscularis propria was identified as a predictor for LN metastases (OR: 17.2;95%CI: 1.8-161.1;heterogeneity: P = 0.165;I2 = 44.5%), whereas grade was not clearly associated with LN metastases (OR: 2;95%CI: 0.3-11.6;heterogeneity: P = 0.304;I2 = 17.4%). With regard to GNEN1 local recurrence, scarce data were available. The 5-year disease-specific survival for patients with and without LN metastases was 100% in most available studies irrespective of the type of intervention. Surgical resection was linked to a lower risk of recurrence (OR: 0.3;95%CI: 0.1-1.1;heterogeneity: P = 0.173;I2 = 31.9%). The reported complication rates of endoscopic and surgical intervention were 0.6 and 3.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis confirms that tumor size ≥ 10 mm and invasion of the muscularis propria are linked to a higher risk of LN metastases in patients with GNEN1. Overall, the metastatic propensity of GNEN1 is low with favorable 5- year disease-specific survival rates reported;hence, no clear evidence of the prognostic value of LN positivity is available. Additionally, there is a lack of evidence supporting the prediction of local recurrence in GNEN1, even if surgery was more often a definitive treatment. | Apostolos V Tsolakis Athanasia Ragkousi Miroslav Vujasinovic Gregory Kaltsas Kosmas Daskalakis | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，35： | 6 |
| 13 | Incidental finding of Zinner syndrome in a Greek military recruit: a case report of a rare clinical entity显示文摘Background: Zinner syndrome represents a rare congenital malformation of the urinary tract. It comprises a constellation of Wolffian duct anomalies and is almost exclusively encountered as a classic triad of seminal vesicle cysts, ejaculatory duct obstruction and renal agenesis. Patients can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Recently, minimally invasive surgical techniques have emerged, superseding traditional surgery for select symptomatic cases. Our case highlights the finding of a rare clinical syndrome that was incidentally detected during a routine mass screening of military recruits in the Greek Armed Forces.Case presentation: Herein, we present a case of a 19-year-old male who reported having a solitary right kidney when examined in a military training center of Northern Greece. No additional clinical information was available;thus, referral to a tertiary urology department for further investigation ensued. Imaging studies, namely, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed left renal aplasia, multiple left seminal vesicle cysts, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Laboratory values and urinalysis were within normal range. Semen analysis was significant for cryptozoospermia. Our patient remained asymptomatic during the entire hospitalization. Long-term follow-up was recommended. Nevertheless, he declined further investigation and sought treatment in a private practice setting.Conclusions: This article aims to present the incidental diagnosis of a rare syndrome in a military setting. Population screening conducted in the armed forces permits the identification of undiagnosed diseases that warrant further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report of Zinner syndrome in a military recruit and the second case cited of a Greek patient in the published literature. Regular follow-up is the key to timely intervention in conservatively managed cases. | Evangelos NSymeonidis Chrysovalantis Gkekas Ioannis Tsifountoudis Asterios Symeonidis ChristosGeorgiadis Vasileios Kalyvas Apostolos Malioris Michail Papathanasiou | 2019 | Military Medical Research2019，6，3： | 5 |
| 14 | Favorable response to subcutaneous administration of infliximab in rats with experimental colitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the influence of infliximab (Remicade)on experimental colitis produced by 2,4,6,trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in rats.METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar rats were allocated into four groups (three groups of six animals each and a fourth of 12 animals). Six more healthy animals served as normal controls (Group 5). Group 1:colitis was induced by intracolonic installation of 25 mg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 mL of 50% ethanol and infliximab was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW; Group 2: colitis was induced and infliximab was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW; Group 3: colitis was induced and infliximab was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg BW; Group 4: colitis was induced without treatment with infliximab. Infliximab was administered on d 2-6. On the 7th d, all animals were killed. The colon was fixed in 10%buffered formalin and examined by light microscopy for the presence and activity of colitis and the extent of tissue damage. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured.RESULTS: Significant differences concerning the presence of reparable lesions and the extent of bowel mucosa without active inflammation in all groups of animals treated with infliximab compared with controls were found. Significant reduction of the tissue levels of TNF-α in all groups of treated animals as compared withthe untreated ones was found (0.47±0.44, 1.09±0.86,0.43±0.31 vs 18.73±10.53 respectively). Significant reduction in the tissue levels of MDA was noticed in group 1 as compared to group 4, as well as between groups 2 and 4.CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous administration of infliximab reduces the inflammatory activity as well as tissue TNF-α and MDA levels in chemical colitis in rats.Infliximab at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW achieves better histological results and produces higher reduction of the levels of TNF-α than at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW.Infliximab at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW produces higher reduction of tissue MDA levels than at a dose of 15 mg/kg BW. | John K Triantafillidis Apostolos E Papalois Aikaterini Parasi Emmanuel Anagnostakis Stavros Burnazos Aristofanis Gikas Emmanuel G Merikas Emmanuel Douzinas Maria Karagianni Helen Sotiriou | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，43： | 5 |
| 15 | Axial Compression Behavior and Analytical Method of L-Shaped Column Composed of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubes显示文摘Based on the characteristics of an L-shaped column composed of concrete-filled square steel tubes, the axial compression experiment and nonlinear finite element analysis were carried out to study the mechanical property of the L-shaped column. The load-displacement curve for the L-shaped column, the deflection and load-strain curves for the mono columns were obtained by the axial compression experiment. The results show that the L-shaped column exhibits a flexural-torsional buckling failure mode. The numerical simulation by the finite element analysis shows that the bearing capacity and failure mode are in accordance with those of the axial compression experiment and the feasi- bility of the finite element analysis is proved. For the calculation of the bearing capacity of the L-shaped column com- posed of concrete-filled square steel tubes, an analytical method is proposed based on the theory of the elastic stability and spatial truss model. The results of the analytical method are in good agreement with those of the axial compression experiment and the finite element analysis. | 荣彬 陈志华 APOSTOLOS Fafitis 杨楠 | 2012 | Transactions of Tianjin University2012，18，3： | 5 |
| 16 | Respiratory gated diffusion-weighted imaging of the liver: value of apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in the differentiation between most commonly encountered benign and malignant focal liver lesions显示文摘 | Sofia Gourtsoyianni Nickolas Papanikolaou Spyros Yarmenitis Thomas Maris Apostolos Karantanas Nicholas Gourtsoyiannis | 2008 | European Radiology2008，，3： | 4 |
| 17 | A prospective cross-over study using a sphincterotome and a guidewire to increase the success rate of common bile duct cannulation显示文摘AIM: During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), selective cannulation of the common bile duct (CBD) is required in most of the cases.METHODS: From June 2001 till December 2002, all patients referred to our unit for ERCP were considered for entry into the study. Selective CBD cannulation was first attempted with a standard catheter with or without the use of a guidewire. In cases, where CBD cannulation was considered unsuccessful, patients were crossed over to a double-lumen sphincterotome and a guidewire. All patients were hospitalized for 24 h after the procedure in order to assess the incidence of post-ERCP complications.RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 158 patients.Selective CBD cannulation using a standard ERCP catheter with or without the assistance of a guidewire, was accomplished in 129 patients (success rate: 81.65%).From the 29 patients who were crossed over to a sphincterotome and a guidewire, selective CBD cannulation was achieved in 24; the overall success rate rising to 96.8%. Meanwhile, the use of this technique did not increase the incidence of post-ERCP complications.CONCLUSION: The use of a sphincterotome and a guidewire increases the success rate of selective bile duct cannulation in cases that this has not been accomplished with a standard catheter. | Georgios Karamanolis Aikaterini Katsikani Nikos Viazis Gerasimos Stefanidis Spilios Manolakopoulos Spiros Sgouros Efthimia Papadopoulou Apostolos Mantides | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，11： | 3 |
| 18 | Dabigatran,rivaroxaban,and apixaban are superior to warfarin in Asian patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation:An updated metaanalysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Most of the randomized clinical trials that led to the wide use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)originated from western countries.AIM To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the real-world data regarding the efficacy and safety of dabigatran,rivaroxaban,and apixaban compared to warfarin for stroke prevention in Asian patients with non-valvular AF.METHODS Medline,Cochrane,and ClinicalTrial.gov databases were reviewed.A randomeffect model meta-analysis was used and I-square was utilized to assess the heterogeneity.The primary outcome was ischemic stroke.The secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality,major bleeding,intracranial hemorrhage,and gastrointestinal bleeding.RESULTS Twelve studies from East Asia or Southeast Asia and 441450 patients were included.Dabigatran,rivaroxaban,and apixaban were associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of ischemic stroke[hazard ratio(HR)=0.78,95%confidence interval(CI):0.65-0.94;HR=0.79,95%CI:0.74-0.85,HR=0.70,95%CI:0.62-0.78;respectively],all-cause mortality(HR=0.68,95%CI:0.56-0.83;HR=0.66,95%CI:0.52-0.84;HR=0.66,95%CI:0.49-0.90;respectively),and major bleeding(HR=0.61,95%CI:0.54-0.69;HR=0.70,95%CI:0.54-0.90;HR=0.58,95%CI:0.43-0.78;respectively)compared to warfarin.CONCLUSION Dabigatran,rivaroxaban,and apixaban appear to be superior to warfarin in both efficacy and safety in Asians with non-valvular AF. | Wei-Jia Li Paraschos Archontakis-Barakakis Leonidas Palaiodimos Dimitrios Kalaitzoglou Lazaros Tzelves Apostolos Manolopoulos Yu-Chiang Wang Stefanos Giannopoulos Robert Faillace Damianos G Kokkinidis | 2021 | World Journal of Cardiology2021，13，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Integrated Assessment of Natural Hazards, Including Climate Change’s Influences, for Cultural Heritage Sites: The Case of the Historic Centre of Rethymno in Greece显示文摘Within the framework of disaster risk management, this article proposes an interdisciplinary method for the analysis of multiple natural hazards, including climate change’s influences, in the context of cultural heritage. A taxonomy of natural hazards applicable to cultural heritage was developed based on the existing theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Sudden-onset hazards, such as earthquakes and floods, and slow-onset hazards, such as wetting–drying cycles and biological contamination, were incorporated into the hazard assessment procedure. Future alteration of conditions due to climate change, such as change in heat waves’ duration, was also taken into account. The proposed hazard assessment framework was applied to the case of the Historic Centre of Rethymno, a city on the northern coast of the island of Crete in Greece,to identify, analyze, and prioritize the hazards that have the potential to cause damage to the center’s historic structures. The assessment procedure includes climate model projections, GIS spatial modeling and mapping, and finally a hazard analysis matrix to enable the sharing of a better understanding of multiple hazards with the stakeholders.The results can facilitate decision making by providing the vulnerability and risk analysis with the nature and spatial distribution of the significant hazards within the study area and its setting. | Mohammad Ravankhah Rosmarie de Wit Athanasios V.Argyriou Angelos Chliaoutakis Maria Joao Revez Joern Birkmann Maja Zuvela-Aloise Apostolos Sarris Anastasia Tzigounaki Kostas Giapitsoglou | 2019 | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science2019，10，3： | 3 |
| 20 | 重症哮喘的高患病率:一项大型随机人群研究显示文摘背景重症哮喘的患病率在人群水平上没有得到很好的描述。目的试图确定一般人群哮喘患者中哮喘重症表型的发生率,并描述重症哮喘的危险因素。方法我们于2008年至2012年间进行了一项流行病学研究(西瑞典哮喘研究)。向瑞典西部的随机人群(n=30 000)邮寄一份问卷,得到18 087份回复。共对2 006名受试者进行了仔细的表型分析。本研究仅分析了具有'活动性哮喘'的患者(过去一年存在症状或用药,n=744),以确定哮喘患者的疾病严重程度。重症表型基于以下几点制定(1)尽管持续使用哮喘药物;白天仍有多种症状;(2)第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)低于预测值的70%;(3)每天或几乎每天使用急救药物;(4)每周一次或更多次的夜间症状;(5)使用口服糖皮质激素/急诊科就诊。哮喘患者被分为3组:非重症哮喘,有1个重症征象,有2个或更多重症征象。结果共有36. 2%的哮喘患者表现出至少1个重症哮喘征象,13. 2%的患者有2个或更多征象。具有2个或更多重症哮喘征象的哮喘组年龄较大并且具有较高的体质量指数(BMI)、较高的吸烟率和较低的肺功能。支气管高反应性、气道炎症和致敏性在3组之间存在明显不同。在人群水平上,有1个重症哮喘征象的发生率为3. 1%,至少2个征象的发生率为1. 3%。结论超过1/3的哮喘患者表现出至少1个重症哮喘征象。重症哮喘表型多种多样,在对哮喘患者实施个体化治疗时,应充分考虑这一点。 | Roxana Mincheva Linda Ekerljung Apostolos Bossios Bo Lundback Jan Lotvall 墨玉清(翻译) 金美玲(审校) | 2018 | 中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志2018，12，5： | 3 |
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