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| 1 | Alcohol metabolites and lipopolysaccharide: Roles in the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease显示文摘The onset of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is initiated by different cell types in the liver and a number of different factors including: products derived from ethanol-induced inflammation, ethanol metabolites, and the indirect reactions from those metabolites. Ethanol oxidation results in the production of metabolites that have been shown to bind and form protein adducts, and to increase inflammatory, fibrotic and cirrhotic responses. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has many deleterious effects and plays a significant role in a number of disease processes by increasing inflammatory cytokine release. In ALD, LPS is thought to be derived from a breakdown in the intestinal wall enabling LPS from resident gut bacterial cell walls to leak into the blood stream. The ability of adducts and LPS to independently stimulate the various cells of the liver provides for a two-hit mechanism by which various biological responses are induced and result in liver injury. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the effects of a two-hit combination of ethanol metabolites and LPS on the cells of the liver to increase inflamma-tion and fi brosis, and play a role in the development and/or progression of ALD. | Courtney S Schaffert Michael J Duryee Carlos D Hunter Bartlett C Hamilton 3rd Amy L DeVeney Mary M Huerter Lynell W Klassen Geoffrey M Thiele | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，10： | 20 |
| 2 | Role of MGST1 in reactive intermediate-induced injury显示文摘Microsomal glutathione transferase (MGST1, EC 2.5.1.18) is a membrane bound glutathione transferase extensively studied for its ability to detoxify reactive intermediates, including metabolic electrophile intermediates and lipophilic hydroperoxides through its glutathione dependent transferase and peroxidase activities. It is expressed in high amounts in the liver, located both in the endoplasmic reticulum and the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. This enzyme is activated by oxidative stress. Binding of GSH and modification of cysteine 49 (the oxidative stress sensor) has been shown to increase activation and induce conformational changes in the enzyme. These changes have either been shown to enhance the protective effect ascribed to this enzyme or have been shown to contribute to cell death through mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation. The purpose of this review is to elucidate how one enzyme found in two places in the cell subjected to the same conditions of oxidative stress could both help protect against and contribute to reactive oxygen species-induced liver injury. | Courtney S Schaffert | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，20： | 3 |
| 3 | Endothelin-1 activation in pediatric patients undergoing surgical coarctation of the aorta repair显示文摘AIM To determine endothelin-1(ET-1)concentration before and after surgical coarctectomy and evaluate its association with left ventricular geometric change.METHODSA prospective,cohort study of 24 patients aged 2 d to 10years with coarctation of the aorta undergoing surgical repair.A sub-cohort of patients with age<1 mo was classified as'neonates'.Echocardiograms were performed just prior to surgery and in the immediate post-op period to assess left ventricle mass index and relative wall thickness(RWT).Plasma ET-1 levels were assessed at both time points.Association between ET-1 levels and ventricular remodeling was assessed.RESULTSPatients<1 year demonstrated higher pre-op ET-1 than post-op(2.8 pg/m L vs 1.9 pg/m L,P=0.02).Conversely,patients>1 year had no change in ET-1 concentration before and after surgery(1.1 vs 1.4,NS).Pre-op,patients<1 year demonstrated significantly higher ET-1 than older children(2.8 vs 1.1,P=0.001).Post-op there was no difference between the age groups(1.9 vs 1.4,NS).Neither RWT nor left ventricle mass index(LVMI)varied from pre-op to post-op.The subset of neonates showed a strong positive correlation between pre-op ET-1 and RWT(r=0.92,P=0.001).Patients with ET-1>2 pg/m L preop demonstrated higher LVMI(65.7 g/m^(2.7) vs 38.5 g/m^(2.7),P=0.004)and a trend towards higher RWT(45%vs39%,P=0.07)prior to repair than those with lower ET-1concentration.CONCLUSIONET-1 concentration is significantly variable in the perioperative period surrounding coarctectomy.Older children and infants have different responses to surgical repair suggesting different mechanisms of activation. | Benjamin Steven Frank Tracy T Urban Suhong Tong Courtney Cassidy Max B Mitchell Christopher S Nichols Jesse A Davidson | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，12： | 2 |
| 4 | Transient and sustained activity in a distributed neural system for human working memory显示文摘 | Courtney S M Ungerleider L Keil K | 1997 | Nature1997，，386： | 1 |
| 5 | Occupational slip,trip, and fall- related injuries- can the contribution of slipperiness be isolated 显示文摘 | Courtney T K Sorock G S Manning D P | 2001 | Ergonomics2001，44，13： | 1 |
| 6 | Prevalence of low back pain in three occupational groups in Shanghai,People's Republic of China显示文摘 | Jin K Sorock G S Courtney T K | 2004 | Journal of Safety Research2004，，01： | 1 |
| 7 | Mother and father-infant attachment:families in context显示文摘 | Braungart-Rieker J Courtney S Garwood M.M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Reduced Amygdala Response to Fearful Expressions in Children and Adolescents With Callous-Unemotional Traits and Disruptive Behavior Disorders显示文摘 | Marsh Abigail A Finger Elizabeth C Mitchell Derek G V Reid Marguerite E Sims Courtney Kosson David S Towbin Kenneth E Leibenluft Ellen Pine Daniel S Blair R J R | 2008 | The American Journal of Psychiatry2008，，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Peer-to-peer Lending to Small Businesses显示文摘 | Traci L M Courtney M C Cailin R S | 2014 | Staff Working Pa- pers in the Finance and Economics Discussion Se- ries2014，10，： | 1 |
| 10 | Bubble and ventilator- derived na- sal continuous positive airway pressure in premature infants: work of breathing and gas exchange 显示文摘 | Courtney S Kahn D Singh R | 2011 | J Prinattology2011，31，： | 1 |
| 11 | Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduces crypt cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in normal colonic mucosa in subjects with a history of colorectal adenomas显示文摘 | Courtney ED Matthews S Finlayson C | 2007 | Int J Colorectal Dis2007，22，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Development and validation of the Chinese version of the diabetes management self-efficacy scale 显示文摘 | Wu S F V Courtney M Edwards H | 2008 | Int J Nurs Stud2008，45，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Substitution bias,rapid saturation,and the use of mtDNA for nematode systematics显示文摘 | Blouin M S Yowell C A Courtney C H | 1998 | Mol Biol Evol1998，15，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Haemonchus placei and Haemonchus contortus are distinct species based on mtDNAevidence显示文摘 | Blouin M S Yowell C A Courtney C H | 1997 | Int J Parasitol1997，27，11： | 1 |
| 15 | The dimensionality ofthe self-esteem: a hierarchical facet model for re-vised meas- urement scales显示文摘 | Fleming J S Courtney B E | 1984 | Journal of Personality and Social Psy- chology1984，46，： | 1 |
| 16 | Development of a accelerated solvent extraction and gel permeation chromatography analytical method for measuring persistent organohalogen compounds in adipose and organ tissue analysis显示文摘 | KOICHI S ANDREAS S COURTNEY D S | 2004 | Chemosphere2004，57，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Nipple discharge: a sign of breast cancer? 显示文摘 | Richards T Hunt A Courtney S | 2007 | Ann R Coil Surg Engl2007，89，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Trichodermamides A and B, cytotoxic modifided dipeptides from themarine-derived fungus Trichoderrna virens显示文摘 | GARO E COURTNEY M S PAUL R J | 2003 | J Nat Prod2003，66，： | 1 |
| 19 | The presence of a 33 - 40KDa gastrin binding protein of human and mouse colon cancer显示文摘 | Chicance L Narayan S Courtney M | 1989 | Bioch Biophy Res Comm1989，164，： | 1 |
| 20 | Comparison of percutaneous management techniques for recurrent malignant ascites显示文摘 | Rosenberg S Courtney A Nemcek AA | 2004 | J Vasc Interv Radiol2004，15，10： | 1 |
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