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| 1 | Microscopic colitis: A review of etiology, treatment and refractory disease显示文摘Microscopic colitis is a common cause of chronic,nonbloody diarrhea. Microscopic colitis is more common in women than men and usually affects patients in their sixth and seventh decade. This article reviews the etiology and medical management of microscopic colitis. The etiology of microscopic colitis is unknown, but it is associated with autoimmune disorders, such as celiac disease, polyarthritis, and thyroid disorders. Smoking has been identified as a risk factor of mi-croscopic colitis. Exposure to medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, is suspected to play a role in microscopic colitis, although their direct causal relationship has not been proven. Multiple medications, including corticosteroids, anti-diarrheals, cholestyramine, bismuth, 5-aminosalicylates, and immunomodulators, have been used to treat microscopic colitis with variable response rates. Budesonide is effective in inducing and maintaining clinical remission but relapse rate is as high as 82% when budesonide is discontinued. There is limited data on management of steroid-dependent microscopic colitis or refractory microscopic colitis. Immunomodulators seem to have low response rate 0%-56% for patients with refractory microscopic colitis. Response rate 66%-100% was observed for use of anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF) therapy for refractory microscopic colitis. Anti-TNF and diverting ileostomy may be an option in severe or refractory microscopic colitis. | Tina Park David Cave Christopher Marshall | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，29： | 9 |
| 2 | 原子层沉积技术:催化剂合成与修饰新工艺(英文)显示文摘近年来,原子层沉积(ALD)技术以其精准的材料合成及修饰特性(精确到原子尺度)吸引了广泛关注.特别地,ALD技术在新型纳米催化材料研发方面表现优异.这集中体现在对催化反应稳定性的提高和对催化反应选择性的调变,如本文中列举的Pd/Al2O3和Cu-chromite体系等都很好地展示了ALD技术对不同催化反应体系的调控作用.目前,已有一系列相关的综述性文章发表,从不同侧面讨论了ALD技术对催化反应的影响.但是,有关ALD技术的作用机理尚未见明确表述,尤其关于ALD纳米层如何在原子和分子水平上调变催化剂纳米粒子,从而影响催化反应稳定性与选择性等方面的讨论尚不充分.本综述简要介绍了ALD技术的由来和发展历程;归纳了前人采用X射线吸收光谱(XAFS),程序升温还原/氧化(TPR/TPO)、CO化学吸附(FTIR)和X射线小角衍射(SAXS)等方法研究ALD技术对被覆盖的催化剂纳米颗粒氧化还原特性及表面活性位组成影响的实验结果,包括借助ALD手段调控催化剂的孔分布;列举了应用该手段提高催化反应稳定性、调变催化反应选择性的实例;讨论了ALD特有的“自终止”(“self-limiting”)特性;总结了ALD纳米层通过电子效应和结构效应等形式对催化反应产生的影响.本文还介绍了部分有关借助ALD技术构建新型纳米反应体系的研究进展,包括构建新型纳米限域体系(“nano-bowl”)并将该限域体系应用于选择性(催化转化特定尺寸的反应底物)光催化转化反应过程,以及构建双中心纳米催化体系(Pt-dimer,在预先吸附的单中心Pt催化剂周围再次吸附单分散的Pt),同时还讨论了如何利用ALD技术构建多元、多界面催化反应体系. | 张洪波 Christopher L. Marshall | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Catalysis2019，40，9： | 5 |
| 3 | Mutational Processes Molding the Genomes of 21 Breast Cancers显示文摘 | Serena Nik-Zainal Ludmil B. Alexandrov David C. Wedge Peter Van Loo Christopher D. Greenman Keiran Raine David Jones Jonathan Hinton John Marshall Lucy A. Stebbings Andrew Menzies Sancha Martin Kenric Leung Lina Chen Catherine Leroy Manasa Ramakrishna Ric | 2012 | Cell2012，，5： | 2 |
| 4 | An international, multicentre, prospective, randomised, controlled, unblinded, parallel-group trial of robotic-assisted versus standard laparoscopic surgery for the curative treatment of rectal cancer显示文摘 | Fiona J. Collinson David G. Jayne Alessio Pigazzi Charles Tsang Jennifer M. Barrie Richard Edlin Christopher Garbett Pierre Guillou Ivana Holloway Helen Howard Helen Marshall Christopher McCabe Sue Pavitt Phil Quirke Carly S. Rivers Julia M. B. Brown | 2012 | International Journal of Colorectal Disease2012，，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Review of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) manufacture and its characteristics as a fuel additive 显示文摘 | Pacheco Michael A Marshall Christopher L | 1997 | Energy & Fuels1997，11，： | 1 |
| 6 | Review of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)manufacture and its characteristics as a fuel additive显示文摘 | Michael A Pacheco Christopher L Marshall | 1997 | Energy & Fuels1997，11，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Surface functional groups on acid-activated nut- shell carbons显示文摘 | Christopher A Toles Wayne E Marshall Mitchell M Johns | 1999 | Carbon1999，37，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Clonal plants and environmental heterogeneity显示文摘 | Elizabeth A C Price Christopher Marshall | 1999 | Plant Ecology1999，141，12： | 1 |
| 9 | An international, multicentre, prospective, randomised, controlled, unblinded, parallel-group trial of robotic-assisted versus standard laparoscopic surgery for the curative treatment of rectal cancer显示文摘 | Fiona J. Collinson David G. Jayne Alessio Pigazzi Charles Tsang Jennifer M. Barrie Richard Edlin Christopher Garbett Pierre Guillou Ivana Holloway Helen Howard Helen Marshall Christopher McCabe Sue Pavitt Phil Quirke Carly S. Rivers Julia M. B. Brown | 2012 | International Journal of Colorectal Disease2012，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Standardized Laparoscopic Intracorporeal Right Colectomy for Cancer: Short-Term Outcome in 111 Unselected Patients显示文摘 | Roberto Bergamaschi Elie Schochet Christopher Haughn Marshall Burke James F. Reed Jean-Pierre Arnaud | 2008 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum2008，，9： | 1 |
| 11 | A global approach to automatic solution of jigsaw puzzles显示文摘 | David Goldberg Christopher Malon Marshall Bern | 2004 | Computational Geometry2004，28，： | 1 |
| 12 | The plasticity of cytoskeletal dynamics underlying neoplastic cell migration显示文摘 | Victoria Sanz-Moreno Christopher J Marshall | 2010 | Current Opinion in Cell Biology2010，，5： | 1 |
| 13 | A global approach to automatic solution of Jigsaw Puzzles 显示文摘 | David Goldberg Christopher Malon Marshall Bem | 2004 | Computational Geometry2004，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Mechanism of Activation of the RAF-ERK Signaling Pathway by Oncogenic Mutations of B-RAF显示文摘 | Paul T.C Wan Mathew J Garnett S.Mark Roe Sharlene Lee Dan Niculescu-Duvaz Valerie M Good Cancer Genome Project C.Michael Jones Christopher J Marshall Caroline J Springer David Barford Richard Marais | 2004 | Cell2004，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | DIFFERENCES IN COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES FOR OBESE PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL, PARTIAL OR SIMPLE NEPHRECTOMY显示文摘 | JASON W. ANAST MARSHALL L. STOLLER MAXWELL V. MENG VIRAJ A. MASTER JOSEPH A. MITCHELL WILLIAM W. BASSETT CHRISTOPHER J. KANE | 2004 | The Journal of Urology2004，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Subjectivity and the weighting of performance measures: Evidence from a balanced scorecard显示文摘 | Intter Christopher C David F Larker and Marshall W Meyer | 2002 | The Accounting Review2002，78，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Warming reduces metabolic rate in marine snails: adaptation to fluctuating high temperatures challenges the metabolic theory of ecology显示文摘 | Marshall David J. McQuaid Christopher D | 2011 | Proceedings of the Royal Society B . 2011 (1703)2011，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Review of dimethyl carbonate(DMC) manufacture and its characteristics as a fuel additive显示文摘 | Pacheco Michael A Marshall Christopher L | 1997 | Energy Fuels1997，11，： | 1 |
| 19 | Timing of Video Capsule Endoscopy Relative to Overt Obscure GI Bleeding: Implications from a Retrospective Study显示文摘 | Anupam Singh Christopher Marshall Biswashree Chaudhuri Chidimma Okoli Anne Foley Sharina D. Person Kanishka Bhattacharya David R. Cave | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Gastric intestinal metaplasia development in African American predominant United States population显示文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer significantly contributes to cancer mortality globally.Gastric intestinal metaplasia(GIM)is a stage in the Correa cascade and a premalignant lesion of gastric cancer.The natural history of GIM formation and progression over time is not fully understood.Currently,there are no clear guidelines on GIM surveillance or management in the United States.AIM To investigate factors associated with GIM development over time in African American-predominant study population.METHODS This is a retrospective longitudinal study in a single tertiary hospital in Washington DC.We retrieved upper esophagogastroduodenoscopies(EGDs)with gastric biopsies from the pathology department database from January 2015 to December 2020.Patients included in the study had undergone two or more EGDswith gastric biopsy.Patients with no GIM at baseline were followed up until they developed GIM or until the last available EGD.Exclusion criteria consisted of patients age<18,pregnancy,previous diagnosis of gastric cancer,and missing data including pathology results or endoscopy reports.The study population was divided into two groups based on GIM status.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard induced by patient demographics,EGD findings,and Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)status on the GIM status.RESULTS Of 2375 patients who had at least 1 EGD with gastric biopsy,579 patients were included in the study.138 patients developed GIM during the study follow-up period of 1087 d on average,compared to 857 d in patients without GIM(P=0.247).The average age of GIM group was 64 years compared to 56 years in the non-GIM group(P<0.001).In the GIM group,adding one year to the age increases the risk for GIM formation by 4%(P<0.001).Over time,African Americans,Hispanic,and other ethnicities/races had an increased risk of GIM compared to Caucasians with a hazard ratio(HR)of 2.12(1.16,3.87),2.79(1.09,7.13),and 3.19(1.5,6.76)respectively.No gender difference was observed between the study populations.Gastritis was associated with an increased risk for GIM development with an HR of 1.62(1.07,2.44).On the other hand,H.pylori infection did not increase the risk for GIM.CONCLUSION An increase in age and non-Caucasian race/ethnicity are associated with an increased risk of GIM formation.The effect of H.pylori on GIM is limited in low prevalence areas. | Akram I Ahmad Arielle Lee Claire Caplan Colin Wikholm Ioannis Pothoulakis Zaynab Almothafer NishthaRaval Samantha Marshall Ankit Mishra Nicole Hodgins In Guk Kang Raymond K Chang Zachary Dailey Arvin Daneshmand Anjani Kapadia Jae Hak Oh Brittney Rodriguez Abhinav Sehgal Matthew Sweeney Christopher B Swisher Daniel F Childers Corinne O'Connor Lynette M Sequeira Won Cho | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2022，14，10： | 1 |
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