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| 1 | Influence of experimental soil disturbances on the diversity of plants in agricultural grasslands显示文摘Aims and Methods Disturbance is supposed to play an important role for biodiversity and ecosystem stability as described by the intermediate disturbance hypoth-esis(IDH),which predicts highest species richness at intermediate levels of disturbances.In this study,we tested the effects of artificial soil distur-bances on diversity of annual and perennial vascular plants and bryo-phytes in a field experiment in 86 agricultural grasslands differing in land use in two regions of Germany.On each grassland,we implemented four treatments:three treatments differing in application time of soil dis-turbances and one control.One year after experimental disturbance,we recorded vegetation and measured biomass productivity and bare ground.We analysed the disturbance response taking effects of region and land-use-accompanied disturbance regimes into account.Important Findings Region and land-use type strongly determined plant species rich-ness.Experimental disturbances had small positive effects on the species richness of annuals,but none on perennials or bryophytes.Bare ground was positively related to species richness of bryophytes.However,exceeding the creation of 12%bare ground further distur-bance had a detrimental effect on bryophyte species richness,which corresponds to the IDH.As biomass productivity was unaffected by disturbance our results indicate that the disturbance effect on spe-cies richness of annuals was not due to decreased overall produc-tivity,but rather due to short-term lowered inter-and intraspecific competition at the newly created microsites.Generally,our results highlight the importance of soil disturbances for species richness of annual plants and bryophytes in agricultural grasslands.However,most grasslands were disturbed naturally or by land-use practices and our additional experimental soil dis-turbances only had a small short-term effect.Overall,total plant diversity in grasslands seemed to be more limited by the availabil-ity of propagules rather than by suitable microsites for germination.Thus,nature conservation efforts to increase grassland diversity should focus on overcoming propagule limitation,for instance by additional sowing of seeds,while the creation of additional open patches by disturbance might only be appropriate where natural disturbances are scarce. | Jörg Müller Johannes Heinze Jasmin Joshi Steffen Boch Valentin H.Klaus Markus Fischer Daniel Prati | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，6： | 3 |
| 2 | Effect of EGF on in vitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes显示文摘 | Barbara Merlo Eleonora Iacono Daniele Zambelli Francesca Prati Stefano Belluzzi | 2004 | Theriogenology2004，，7： | 1 |
| 3 | A quan- titative index of land - use intensity in grasslands: Integrating mowing, grazing and fertilization 显示文摘 | Blüthgen Nico Dormann Carsten F Prati Daniel | 2012 | Basic and Applied Ecolo- gy2012，13，20： | 1 |
| 4 | Recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C in special population groups (migrants, intravenous drug users and prison inmates)显示文摘 | Piero L. Almasio Sergio Babudieri Giorgio Barbarini Maurizia Brunetto Dario Conte Pietro Dentico Giovanni B. Gaeta Claudio Leonardi Massimo Levrero Francesco Mazzotta Aldo Morrone Lorenzo Nosotti Daniele Prati Maria Rapicetta Evangelista Sagnelli Gaetano | 2010 | Digestive and Liver Disease2010，，8： | 1 |
| 5 | Efficacy of anakinra in a patient with refractory relapsing polychondritis显示文摘 | Daniel Wendling Sophie Govindaraju Clément Prati Eric Toussirot Ewa Bertolini | 2008 | Joint Bone Spine2008，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Effect of EGF on in vitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes显示文摘 | Barbara Merlo Eleonora Iacono Daniele Zambelli Francesca Prati Stefano Belluzzi | 2004 | Theriogenology2004，，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kilodaltons) and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C and normal aminotransferase levels显示文摘 | Stefan Zeuzem Moisés Diago Edward Gane K. Rajender Reddy Paul Pockros Daniele Prati Mitchell Shiffman Patrizia Farci Norman Gitlin Christopher B. O'Brien Fran?ois Lamour Pilar Lardelli | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Enriching plant diversity in grasslands by large-scale experimental sward disturbance and seed addition along gradients of land-use intensity显示文摘Aims The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is among the most active areas of ecological research.Furthermore,enhancing the diversity of degraded ecosystems is a major goal in applied restoration ecology.In grasslands,many species may be locally absent due to dispersal or microsite limitation and may therefore profit from mechanical disturbance of the resident vegeta-tion.We established a seed addition and disturbance experiment across several grassland sites of different land use to test whether plant diversity can be increased in these grasslands.Additionally,the experiment will allow us testing the consequences of increased plant diversity for ecosystem processes and for the diversity of other taxa in real-world ecosystems.Here,we present details of the experimen-tal design and report results from the first vegetation survey 1 year after disturbance and seed addition.Moreover,we tested whether the effects of seed addition and disturbance varied among grassland depending on their land use or pre-disturbance plant diversity.Methods A full-factorial experiment was installed in 73 grasslands in three regions across Germany.Grasslands were under regular agricul-tural use,but varied in the type and the intensity of management,thereby representing the range of management typical for large parts of Central Europe.The disturbance treatment consisted of disturbing the top 10 cm of the sward using a rotavator or rotary harrow.Seed addition consisted of sowing a high-diversity seed mixture of regional plant species.These species were all regionally present,but often locally absent,depending on the resident vegetation composi-tion and richness of each grassland.Important Findings Seven months after sward disturbance,respective plots had significantly increased in bare soil,seedling species richness and number of seed-lings.Seed addition had increased plant species richness,but only in combination with sward disturbance.The increase in species richness,when both seed addition and disturbance was applied,was higher at high land-use intensity and low resident diversity.Thus,we show that at least the early recruitment of many species is possible also at high land-use intensity,indicating the potential to restore and enhance bio-diversity of species-poor agricultural grasslands.Our newly established experiment provides a unique platform for broad-scale research on the land-use dependence of future trajectories of vegetation diversity and composition and their effects on ecosystem functioning. | Valentin H.Klaus Deborah Schäfer Till Kleinebecker Markus Fischer Daniel Prati Norbert Hölzel | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，4： | 0 |
| 9 | To eat or not to eat-relationship of lichen herbivory by snails with secondary compounds and field frequency of lichens显示文摘Aims The biochemical defense of lichens against herbivores and its rela-tionship to lichen frequency are poorly understood.Therefore,we tested whether chemical compounds in lichens act as feeding defense or rather as stimulus for snail herbivory among lichens and whether experimental feeding by snails is related to lichen fre-quency in the field.Methods In a no-choice feeding experiment,we fed 24 lichen species to snails of two taxa from the Clausilidae and Enidae families and compared untreated lichens and lichens with compounds removed by acetone rinsing.Then,we related experimental lichen consump-tion with the frequency of lichen species among 158 forest plots in the field(schwäbische alb,germany),where we had also sampled snail and lichen species.Important findings In five lichen species,snails preferred treated samples over untreated controls,indicating chemical feeding defense,and vice versa in two species,indicating chemical feeding stimulus.Interestingly,com-pared with less frequent lichen species,snails consumed more of untreated and less of treated samples of more frequent lichen spe-cies.removing one outlier species resulted in the loss of a significant positive relationship when untreated samples were analyzed separately.However,the interaction between treatment and lichen frequency remained significant when excluding single species or including snail genus instead of taxa,indicating that our results were robust and that lumping the species to two taxa was justified.our results imply lichen-feeding snails to prefer frequent lichens and avoid less frequent ones because of secondary compound rec-ognition.This supports the idea that consumers adapt to the most abundant food source. | Steffen Boch Markus Fischer Daniel Prati | 2015 | Journal of Plant Ecology2015，8，6： | 0 |
| 10 | Genetic composition,genetic diversity and small-scale environmental variation matter for the experimental reintroduction of a rare plant显示文摘Aims Reintroduction has become an important tool for the management of endangered plant species.We tested the little-explored effects of small-scale environmental variation,genotypic composition(i.e.identity of genotypes)and genotypic diversity on the population survival of the regionally rare clonal plant Ranunculus reptans.For this species of periodically inundated lakeshores,genetic differentiation had been reported between populations and between short-flooded and long-flooded microsites within populations.Methods We established 306 experimental test populations at a previously unoccupied lakeshore,comprising either monocultures of 32 genotypes,mixtures of genotypes within populations or mixtures of genotypes between populations.In 2000,three years after planting out at the experimental site,a long-lasting flood caused the death of half of the experimental populations.In 2003,an extreme drought resulted in the lowest summer water levels ever measured.Important Findings Despite these climatic extremes,27%of the established populations survived in December 2003.The success of experimental populations largely differed between microsites.Moreover,the success of genotype monocultures depended on genotype and source population.Genetic differentiation between microsites played a minor role for the success of reintroduction.After the flood,populations planted with genotypes from different source populations increased in abundance,whereas populations with genotypes from single source populations and genotype monocultures decreased.In 2014,several small patches of Ranunculus clones were still present,but plants were strongly intermingled,which precluded their assignment to the original treatments.We conclude that sources for reintroductions need to be selected carefully.Moreover,mixtures of plants from different populations appear to be the best choice for successful reintroduction,at least in unpredictably varying environments. | Daniel Prati Markus Peintinger Markus Fischer | 2016 | Journal of Plant Ecology2016，9，6： | 0 |
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