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| 1 | Psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of somatic symptoms from parents to children显示文摘AIM: To examine familial aggregation of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) via parental reinforcement/modeling of symptoms, coping, psychological distress, and exposure to stress.METHODS:Mothers of children between the ages of8 and 15 years with and without IBS were identified through the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound.Mothers completed questionnaires,including the Child Behavior Checklist(child psychological distress),the Family Inventory of Life Events(family exposure to stress),SCL-90R(mother psychological distress),and the Pain Response Inventory(beliefs about pain).Children were interviewed separately from their parents and completed the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire(beliefs about pain),Pain Response Inventory(coping)and Child Symptom Checklist[gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms].In addition,health care utilization data was obtained from the automated database of Group Health Cooperative.Mothers with IBS(n=207)and their 296 children were compared to 240 control mothers and their 335 children,while controlling for age and education.RESULTS:Hypothesis 1:reinforcement of expression of GI problems is only related to GI symptoms,but not others(cold symptoms)in children.There was no significant correlation between parental reinforcement of symptoms and child expression of GI or other symptoms.Hypothesis 2:modeling of GI symptomsis related to GI but not non-GI symptom reporting in children.Children of parents with IBS reported more non-GI(8.97 vs 6.70,P<0.01)as well as more GI(3.24 vs 2.27,P<0.01)symptoms.Total health care visits made by the mother correlated with visits made by the child(rho=0.35,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.26,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 3:children learn to share the methods of coping with illness that their mothers exhibit.Methods used by children to cope with stomachaches differed from methods used by their mothers.Only 2/16 scales showed weak but significant correlations(stoicism rho=0.13,P<0.05;acceptance rho=0.13,P<0.05).Hypothesis 4:mothers and children share psychological traits such as anxiety,depression,and somatization.Child psychological distress correlated with mother’s psychological distress(rho=0.41,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.38,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 5:stress that affects the whole family might explain the similarities between mothers and their children.Family exposure to stress was not a significant predictor of children’s symptom reports.Hypothesis 6:the intergenerational transmission of GI illness behavior may be due to multiple mechanisms.Regression analysis identified multiple independent predictors of the child’s GI complaints,which were similar to the predictors of the child’s non-GI symptoms(mother’s IBS status,child psychological symptoms,child catastrophizing,and child age).CONCLUSION:Multiple factors influence the reporting of children’s gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms.The clustering of illness within families is best understood using a model that incorporates all these factors. | Miranda AL van Tilburg Rona L Levy Lynn S Walker Michael Von Korff Lauren D Feld Michelle Garner Andrew D Feld William E Whitehead | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 2 |
| 2 | Social competence among low-income preschoolers:emotion socialization practices and social cognitive correlates显示文摘 | GARNER P W J ONES D C MINER J L | 1994 | Child Development1994，65，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Sex-Sorting mammalian sperm: concept to application in animals显示文摘 | Garner D L | 2001 | Androl2001，22，： | 1 |
| 4 | Development of a shape memory alloy actuated biomimetie vehicle 显示文摘 | Garner L J Wilson L N Lagoudas D C | 2000 | Smart Materials and Structures2000，9，： | 1 |
| 5 | Determination of unlabeled and ^13C6-labeled moricizine in hmuan plasma using thermospray liquid chmmatogramphy-mass spectrometry显示文摘 | PIENIASZEMK H J SHEN H L GARNER D M | 1989 | J Chromatogr1989，493，1： | 1 |
| 6 | History of commercializing sexedsemen for bull 显示文摘 | Garner D L Seidel G E | 2008 | Theriogenology2008，69，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Current status of sexing mammalian spermatozoa显示文摘 | Seidel G E Garner D L | 2002 | Reproduction2002，124，： | 1 |
| 8 | Development of a shape memory alloy actuated biomimetic vehicle显示文摘 | GARNER L J WILSON L N LAGOUDAS D C | 2000 | Smart Materials and Structures2000，9，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of Hoechst 33342 staining and laser illumination on the viability of sex - sorted bovine sperm 显示文摘 | GARNER D L SUH T K | 2002 | Theriogenology2002，57，： | 1 |
| 10 | Comparison of seminal quality in Holstein bulls as yearlings and as mature sires显示文摘 | Garner D L Johnson L A Allen C H | 1996 | Theriogenology1996，45，： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of continuous exposure to exogenous ethylene during cold storage on postharvest decay development and quality attributes of stone fruists and table grapes显示文摘 | Palou L Crisosto CH Garner D | 2003 | Posthavest Biology and Technology2003，27，： | 1 |
| 12 | Assessmentof the viability and fertilizing potential of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa using dual fluorescent staining and two2flow cytometric systems显示文摘 | Ericsson S A Garner D L Redelman D | 1989 | Gamete Res1989，22，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Assessment of the membrane integrity of fresh and stored turkey spermatozoa using a combination of hypo-osmotic stress fluorescent staining and flow cytometry显示文摘 | Donoghue A M Garner D L Donoghue D J | 1996 | Theriogenology1996，46，： | 1 |
| 14 | Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR214 and propidium iodide显示文摘 | Garner D L Johnson L A | 1995 | Biol Reprod1995，53，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Fluorometric assessments of mitochondrial function and viability in cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa显示文摘 | Garner D L Thomas C A Joerg H W | 1997 | Biol Reprod1997，57，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Flow cytometric sexing of mammalian sperm显示文摘 | Garner D L | 2006 | Theriogenology2006，65，： | 1 |
| 17 | Development of a shape memory alloy actuated biomimetic vehicle显示文摘 | Garner L J Wilson L N Lagoudas D C | 2000 | Smart Materials and Structures2000，，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Past,present and future perspectives on sexing sperm显示文摘 | Garner D L Seidel Jr GE | 2003 | Can J Anim Sci2003，83，： | 1 |
| 19 | Flow cytometric sexing of mammalian sperm显示文摘 | GARNER D L | 2006 | Theriogenology2006，65，94： | 1 |
| 20 | Flow cytometric sexing of mammalian sperm显示文摘 | Garner D L | | 0，，05： | 1 |
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