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| 1 | Biological therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases:Access in Central and Eastern Europe显示文摘Biological drugs opened up new horizons in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).This study focuses on access to biological therapy in IBD patients across 9 selected Central and Eastern European(CEE)countries,namely Bulgaria,the Czech Republic,Estonia,Hungary,Latvia,Lithuania,Poland,Romania and Slovakia.Literature data on the epidemiology and disease burden of IBD in CEE countries was systematically reviewed.Moreover,we provide an estimation on prevalence of IBD as well as biological treatment rates.In all countries with the exception of Romania,lower biological treatment rates were observed in ulcerative colitis(UC)compared to Crohn’s disease despite the higher prevalence of UC.Great heterogeneity(up to 96-fold)was found in access to biologicals across the CEE countries.Poland,Bulgaria,Romania and the Baltic States are lagging behind Hungary,Slovakia and the Czech Republic in their access to biologicals.Variations of reimbursement policy may be one of the factors explaining the differences to a certain extent in Bulgaria,Latvia,Lithuania,and Poland,but association with other possible determinants(differences in prevalence and incidence,price of biologicals,total expenditure on health,geographical access,and cost-effectiveness results)was not proven.We assume,nevertheless,that healthdeterioration linked to IBD might be valued differently against other systemic inflammatory conditions in distinct countries and which may contribute to the immense diversity in the utilization of biological drugs for IBD.In conclusion,access to biologicals varies widely among CEE countries and this difference cannot be explained by epidemiological factors,drug prices or total health expenditure.Changes in reimbursement policy could contribute to better access to biologicals in some countries. | Fanni Rencz Márta Péntek Martin Bortlik Edyta Zagorowicz Tibor Hlavaty Andrzej Sliwczyński Mihai M Diculescu Limas Kupcinskas Krisztina B Gecse László Gulácsi Peter L Lakatos | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，6： | 4 |
| 2 | Gastroesophageal reflux in asymptomatic obese subjects:An esophageal impedance-pH study显示文摘AIM:To investigate the relationship between reflux and body mass index(BMI) in the asymptomatic obese population using the impedance-p H technique.METHODS:Gastroesophageal reflux is frequent in the obese population.However,the relationship between acid reflux and BMI in asymptomatic obese people is unclear.Forty-six obese(BMI > 25 kg/m2) people were enrolled in this prospective study.We evaluated the demographic findings and 24-h impedance p H values of the whole group.Gas,acid(p H < 4),weak acid(p H = 4-7) and weak alkaline(p H ≥ 7) reflux parameters were analyzed.RESULTS:The mean age of patients was 49.47±12.24 years,and half of them were men.The mean BMI was 30.64±3.95 kg/m2(25.14-45.58 kg/m2).BMI of 23 was over 30 kg/m2.Seventeen patients had a comorbidity(hypertension,diabetes mellitus,or ischemic heart disease).Endoscopic examination revealed esophagitis in 13 of the 28 subjects(10Grade A,3 Grade B).The subjects were divided into two groups according to BMI(<30 and>30 kg/m2).Demographic and endoscopic findings,and impedance results were similar in these two groups.However,there was a positive correlation between BMI and total and supine p H<4 episodes(P=0.002,r=0.414;P=0.000,r=0.542),p H<4 reflux time(P=0.015,r=0.319;P=0.003,r=0.403),and De Meester score(P=0.012,r=0.333).CONCLUSION:Acid reflux is correlated with BMI in asymptomatic obese individuals. | Filiz Akyüz Ahmet Uyanikoglu Fatih Ermis Serpil Arici ümit Akyüz Divison of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Yeditepe University Bülent Baran Binnur Pinarbasi Nurdan Gul | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，10： | 3 |
| 3 | Effect of salinity,light and temperature on germination in Allenrolfea occidentalis显示文摘 | Gul B Weber D J | 1999 | Canadian Journal of Botany1999，77，： | 1 |
| 4 | Effect of compatible osmotica and plant growth regulators in alleviating salinity stress on the seed germination of Allem'olfea occidentalis显示文摘 | Gul B Khan M A | 2008 | Pakistan Journal of Botany2008，40，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Effect of temperature and salinity on the germination of Sarcobatus vermiculatus显示文摘 | KHAN M A GUL B WEBER D J | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Germination of dimorphic seeds of Suaeda moquinii under high salinity stess显示文摘 | Khan M A Gul B Weber D J | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 7 | Hippophae rhamnoides L- Chromatographic methods to determine chemical composition, use in traditional medicine and pharmacological effects 显示文摘 | Guliyev V B Gul M Yildirim A | 2004 | Journal of Chromatography B2004，2，： | 1 |
| 8 | Percutaneous laser ablation of an autonomous thyroid nodule:effects on nodule size and histopathology of the nodule 2 years after the procedure显示文摘 | Cakir B Gul K Ugras S | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 9 | CEO domination,growth opportunities and their impact on audit fees显示文摘 | Tsui J S L Jaggi B Gul F A | 2001 | Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance2001，16，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Effect of germination regulating chemicals on seed germination of Halogeton glomeratus for alleviation of salinity stress显示文摘 | Khan M A Gul B Weber D J | 2009 | Pakistan Journal of Botany2009，41，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Action of compatible osmotica and growth regulators in alleviating the effect of salinity on the germination of dimorphie seeds of A rthrocnemum indicum L显示文摘 | KHAN M A UNGAR I A GUL B | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 12 | Ownership concentration, foreign shareholding, audit quality, and stock price syn- chronicity: Evidence from China显示文摘 | Gul F A Kim J B Qiu A A | 2010 | Journal of Financial Economics2010，95，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of dormancy relieving com- pounds on the seed germination of non-dormant Allen- rolfea occidentalis under salinity stress显示文摘 | GUL B WEBER D J | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 14 | Ownership concentration, foreign shareholding, audit quality, and stock prices ynchronicity: Evidence from China 显示文摘 | Gul F A Kim J B Qiu A A | 2010 | Journal of Financial Economics2010，95，： | 1 |
| 15 | Alleviation salinity and dark-enforced dormancy in Allenrolfea occidentalisseeds under various thermoperiods显示文摘 | GUL B KHAN M A WEBER D J | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 16 | Dexmedetomidine ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis by inducing immunomodulator effect显示文摘 | Kayhan GE Gul M Kayhan B | 2013 | J Surg Res2013，183，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of salinity, light, and temperature ongermination in Allenrolfea occidentalis 显示文摘 | Gul B Weber D J | 1999 | Canadian Journal ofBotany1999，77，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Earnings quality: Someevidence on the role of auditor tenure and audito-rs*industry expertise 显示文摘 | Gul F A Fung S Y K Jaggi B | 2009 | Journal of Accounting and E-conomics’ 20092009，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Ownership concentration, foreign shareholding, audit quality, and stock price synchronicity: Evidence from China 显示文摘 | Gul F A Kim J B Qiu A A | 2010 | Journal of Financial Economics2010，95，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Chaebol,investment opportunity set,corporate debt and dividend policies of Korean companies显示文摘 | Gul F A Kealey B T | 1999 | Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting1999，13，4： | 1 |
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