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| 1 | 眼部鞭炮损伤的系列病例显示文摘小儿获得性单眼盲值得急切的关注。这类盲通常是由于眼球机械性损伤所致,说明机械性损伤是其首要的致盲原因。绝大多数眼外伤是意外的,而且是机械性的损伤。鞭炮是一个潜在的单眼盲的原因。其损伤类型多样,有的比较轻微,有的则比较严重,有穿通伤、钝挫伤、化学烧伤或热烧伤。常导致不可逆的视力损害。而这是可以预防的。增强公众对此的防范意识是预防鞭炮导致眼损伤的一个主要措施。 | Rohana Abdul Rashid Azlyn Azwa Jasman Mohtar Ibrahim Shatriah Ismail Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2008 | 国际眼科杂志2008，8，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Bilateral atypical optic neuritis associated with tuberculosis in an immunocompromised patient显示文摘A 27 year-old lady,presented with sudden loss of vision in the right eve tor a week.It was followed In poor vision in the left eye alter 3 days.It involved the whole entire visual field and was associated with pain on eye movement.She was diagnosed to have miliary tuberculosis and retroviral disease 4 months ago.She was started on anti-TB since then but defaulted highly active anti-retroviral therapy(HAART).On examination.her visual acuity was no perception of light in the right eye and 6/120(pinhole 3/60) in the lelt eye.Anterior segment in both eyes was unremarkable.Funduscopy showed bilateral optic disc swelling with presence ot multiple foci of choroiditis in the peripheral retina.The vitreous and relinal vessels were normal.Chest radiography was normal.CT scan of orbit and brain revealed bilateral enhancement of the optic nerve sheath that suggest the diagnosis of bilateral atypical optic neuritis.This patient was managed with infectious disease team.She was started on HAART and anti-TB treatment was continued.She completed anti-TB treatment alter 9 months without any serious side effects.During follow up the visual acuity in both eyes was not improved.However.funduscopy showed resolving ol disc swelling and choroiditis following treatment. | Juanarita Jaafar Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Raja Azmi Mohd Noor | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，7： | 3 |
| 3 | 新生儿继发于筛窦炎的眼眶脓肿(英文)显示文摘骨膜下脓肿是眼眶蜂窝织炎的一种,以脓和渗出液汇集在眼眶内骨膜下为特点。对于新生儿,眼眶脓肿非常罕见。我们报告1例年龄为26d的右眼患有严重眼眶蜂窝织炎的女患儿。眼眶和副鼻窦CT扫描显示右眼眶蜂窝织炎并内侧骨膜下和眼眶后部脓肿。眼分泌物培养见葡萄球菌生长,经用先锋霉素和甲硝唑静脉注射和经内窥镜鼻窦手术行急诊脓肿引流,恢复良好。通过内窥镜的鼻窦引流手术是预防更严重的并发症的首选治疗。 | C D Che Mahiran K Wan Mariny J Alagaratnam W H Wan Hazabbah | 2008 | 国际眼科杂志2008，8，4： | 2 |
| 4 | 急性突眼发作继发于皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤1例(英文)显示文摘目的:报告罕见突眼急性发作病例继发于皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤(SPTCL)1例。方法:病例报告。结果:患者,男,27岁,马来人,左眼眼球突出急性发病2wk。伴随长期高烧病史。在此期间他的身体和双大腿还多发肿胀红斑。双眼视力为6/6。左眼眼球突出和球结膜水肿。各个方向眼外运动受限。角膜和眼前段正常。眼底检查显示正常视盘和视网膜。右眼检查为正常。体温40.0℃,全身多发皮下红斑病灶主要分布在左腋下、右季肋部、双大腿和耻骨上区。腹股沟淋巴结也是可触及的。脑磁共振成像显示左冠外和眶后广泛软组织肿胀,暗示着炎症反应。海绵窦和大脑正常。红斑病灶处皮肤切片揭示为SPTCL。其被提交给血液病医师,并开始CHOP方案化疗。患者化疗反应良好,眼球突出复位。结论:眼球突出继发于SPTCL是非常罕见的。这是一个外周T细胞淋巴瘤的变异,特点是多发皮下结节表现为眼球突出和发烧。 | Hayati Abdul Aziz Loh Swee Seng Choon Slew Eng Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，7： | 2 |
| 5 | 梅毒性葡萄膜炎3例(英文)显示文摘目的:评估梅毒性葡萄膜炎患者的临床表现和视力。方法:梅毒性葡萄膜炎患者3例在USM医院接受治疗。结果:患者3例被诊断为继发性梅毒性葡萄膜炎,这3例患者患病之前均不知道患有梅毒,但他们有明确的乱交史。并且每个月都伴有逐步的视力下降。其中两人伴有发热、眼痛、眼前悬浮物。视力从6/12到手动。所有患者均出现前葡萄膜炎,玻璃体炎和视神经炎。第一例患者出现了多灶性脉络膜视网膜炎,并伴有渗出性视网膜脱离。第二例患者出现渗出性视网膜脱离,而第三例患者仅出现了脉络膜视网膜炎。所有患者每周注射苄青霉素2.4MU,共4wk,其中2例患者口服多西霉素200mg2次/d,共3mo。治疗效果良好,其中2例患者有显著的视力上升,分别从6/120到6/21和6/12到6/6。其中较严重的1例患者出现逆转录酶为阳性。结论:眼梅毒作为非肉芽肿性的炎症与渗出性视网膜脱离有关。治疗后虽然视力恢复比较缓慢,但普遍有良好的效果。 | Shin Wei Pan Nor Sharina Yusof Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Raja Azmi Mohd Noor Zunaina Embong | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Traumatic optic neuropathy:a review of 24 patients显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the clinical presentations of traumatic optic neuropathy and to assess the visual outcome of three groups of patients managed differently(conservative, intravenous corticosteroids only and combination of intravenous and oral corticosteroids)at an academic tertiary care referral centre. METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted involving 24 consecutive patients(27 eyes)with traumatic optic neuropathy attending Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from January 2007 till December 2009. RESULTS:Twenty-four patients(27 eyes)were included. All cases involved were males.Mean age was 33 years old. Motor vehicle accident was the major cause(83.3%).Both eyes were equally involved.Most of the eyes had poor vision on presentation(HM-NPL,81.5%)with associated periorbital haematoma(22 eyes)and subconjunctival haemorrhage(20 eyes).Majority of patients(19 patients,79.2%)presented with more than one bony fracture of skull or orbit and 5 patients(20.8%)had no fractures.None of the patients had evidence of optic nerve compression on CT scans or MRI done.Eleven patients(45.8%)had been treated with intravenous and oral corticosteroids.The other 7 patients (29.2%)were treated conservatively and the third group(6 patients,25.0%)was on intravenous corticosteroids only. Eleven of 12 eyes(91.7%)treated with intravenous and oral corticosteroids had shown 1 line improvement of visual acuity. Those eyes treated conservatively(77.8%)had shown 1 line improvement of visual acuity.As for patients treated with intravenous corticosteroids only,four patients remained NPL, one patient had mild visual improvement and the other one’s vision remained the same.The visual improvement in patients treated with conservative management was not significant (P=0.386).Patients treated with intravenous corticosteroids alone have shown no visual improvement statistically(P<0.05).Patients treated with intravenous followed by oral corticosteroids had significant visual improvement(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in visual outcome between patients treated with corticosteroids and patients treated conservatively(P=0.368).No patient underwent surgical decompression of the optic nerve.In this series,the follow up ranges from 6 months to 3 years. CONCLUSION:Most of the traumatic optic neuropathy patients presented with periorbital haematoma,subconjunctival haemorrhage and orbital wall fractures.Patients treated with intravenous followed by oral corticosteroids have better visual outcome compared to conservative management. | Kok Foo Lee Nor Idahriani Muhd Nor Azhany Yaakub Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2010 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2010，3，2： | 1 |
| 7 | 罕见梅毒性视神经周围炎1例(英文)显示文摘目的:报告1例罕见的由梅毒感染引起的视神经周围炎,经皮质类固醇治疗后严重视力缺损得到显著改善。方法:病例报告。结果:一名66岁马来裔女性患者来我院就诊,一眼突然出现视力缺损,动眼时有疼痛感。视力无光感,右眼出现相对性瞳孔传入缺陷(relative afferent pupillary defect,RAPD)。血清学和放射学检查证明为梅毒性视神经周围炎。肌肉注射苄星青霉素,静脉注射甲基醋酸泼尼松龙,然后长期口服类固醇,剂量逐渐降低。经过治疗,患者视力明显提高,恢复到6/18。随访4mo,未出现复发和类固醇相关的副作用。结论:本病诊断正确、治疗及时,能使患者视力得到显著改善。 | Azlyn Azwa Jasman Azreen Redzal Anuar Rohana Abdul Rashid Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2008 | 国际眼科杂志2008，8，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Ocular burns and related injuries due to fireworks during the Aidil Fitri celebration on the East Coast of the Peninsular Malaysia显示文摘 | Rasdi Abd Rashid Fatemeh Heidary Adil Hussein Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Rohana Abd Rashid Zulkifli Abd Ghani Nor Anita Che Omar Zuraidah Mustari Ismail Shatriah | 2010 | Burns2010，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | 外伤性视神经病变24例回顾研究(英文)显示文摘目的:探讨的外伤性视神经病变的临床表现,评估在眼科第三病区住院的经过三组不同处理(保守估计,单独静脉注射皮质类固醇,静脉注射和口服皮质类固醇联合治疗)的外伤性视神经病变患者的治疗效果。方法:对2007-01/2009-12在马来西亚医科大学眼科连续住院的24例27眼外伤性视神经患者进行了回顾性研究。结果:本次研究对象为24例27眼男性外伤性视神经患者(平均年龄为33岁)。车祸是导致发病的主要原因(83%)。大部分患者的视力低下(手动/眼前~无光感约占82%),其中有22眼并发眶周血肿,20眼并发有结膜下出血。并发多于一骨(颅骨或眶骨)骨折有19例(79%),5例(21%)没有出现骨折。CT扫描或核磁共振检查显示患者均没有视神经压迫的证据。第一组: 11例(46%)患者进行静脉注射联合口服类固醇的治疗;第二组:7例患者(29%)进行保守治疗;第三组:6例(25%)患者给予静脉注射皮质类固醇治疗。92%(11/12眼)给予静脉注射和口服类固醇治疗的患者和78%保守治疗患者视力能提高1行。单独静脉注射皮质类固醇治疗的患者4例呈现无光感,1例有轻度视力改善,而其他患者视力保持不变。保守治疗患者和单独静脉注射皮质类固醇患者视力改善不显著,且两组间相比在统计学上无显著性差异(P=0.368)。静脉注射联合口服类固醇治疗的患者有明显的视觉改善(P<0.05)。没有患者接受视神经减压手术。在本研究中,随访时间为6mo~3a。结论:大部分外伤性视神经病变患者都存在有眶周血肿,结膜下出血,眶壁骨折的症状。对比保守治疗,经过静脉注射和口服皮质类固醇联合治疗的患者有更好的治疗效果。 | Kok Foo Lee Nor Idahriani Muhd Nor Azhany Yaakub Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，6： | 1 |
| 10 | 牛骨异种移植物作为义眼座兔眼眶内植入术(英文)显示文摘目的:评价以牛骨作为义眼座在兔眼眶内植入的生物相容性。方法:在兔眼中用牛骨作为植入物,观察其生物相容性及其能否取代昂贵的人造植入物。把12只眼球内容摘除术后的新西兰白兔按眶内有没有植入牛骨分为两组:Y组(6只)为眼球摘除术后眶内没有植入牛骨,X组(6只)为眼球摘除术后植入牛骨。对12只新西兰白兔右眼行眼球内容物摘除,其中6例作为实验组行牛骨植入,6例作为对照组不植入。术后1,7,14,28,42d连续观察术眼的感染情况,植入物的移位情况,伤口愈合情况,眼球运动是否受限。术后42d,摘除实验组眼球,行组织病理检查,检测其炎性反应类型以及纤维血管增生情况。结果:连续临床观察显示:试验组和对照组在术后1d都有轻微的炎症反应,抗生素控制有效。试验组有1例在术后1d发生感染。但没有植入物的移位和脱出,没有伤口的裂开和眼球运动受限,也没有严重的感染和畸形出现。组织病理检查显示牛骨纤维生长良好,有轻微的排斥反应。结论:实验表明在兔眼中,牛骨作为义眼座植入有良好的生物相容性,而且其成本较低,易被接受。 | S Mohd Mansor H K Tan I Shatriah W H Wan Hazabbah J Hasnan | 2007 | 国际眼科杂志2007，7，6： | 1 |
| 11 | 支架植入和黏膜瓣保留对鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术结果的影响(英文)显示文摘目的:研究支架植入术和黏膜瓣保留对鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术结果的影响。 方法:回顾性分析2007~2011年间在马来西亚理科大学校医院所有行鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术病例。25例鼻泪管阻塞患者参与此研究。术后1,6,12mo,通过泪溢症状缓解、泪道冲洗通畅、鼻内窥镜下造瘘口通畅三个标准来评估手术结果。术后1a内三个标准都通过时手术才算成功。采用多元逻辑回归分析研究支架植入和黏膜瓣保留与手术成功率之间的关系。 结果:25例患者中13例采用支架植入术,此方法同样适用于黏膜瓣保留。术后1a内鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术的成功率是64%。支架植入与否与术后成功率之间的无关联(P=0.694),然而黏膜瓣保留能有效提高手术成功率(调整后OR=7.926;95%CI:1.172~53.620, P=0.034)。术后主要并发症为局部粘连,50%的病例有此症状表现。支架植入或黏膜瓣保留与并发症之间无关联。 结论:在鼻泪管阻塞治疗中,鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术成功率与黏膜瓣保留有着重大的关系,而与支架植入无关。支架植入和黏膜瓣保留与并发症发生率无关。 | Evelyn Tai Li Min Jessica Mani Penny Tevaraj Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Ramiza Ramza Baharudin Abdullah Adil Hussein | 2014 | 国际眼科杂志2014，14，3： | 0 |
| 12 | 足球比赛后突然视力丧失1例(英文)显示文摘患者,男,27岁,足球比赛后左眼突然视力丧失,由于初步治疗没有好转,患者于首次就诊3wk后再次就诊。检查发现左眼黄斑区大块白色病变以及积液。由于无法排除感染的可能性,这对于诊断提出了难题。玻璃体切除及活检显示为由于Valsalva视网膜病变导致的黄斑部视网膜前出血而形成的旧的组织血液。 | Chui Yin Chua Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Zabri Kamarrudin Ronald Arun Das Poh Yan Ong | 2011 | 国际眼科杂志2011，11，2： | 0 |
| 13 | 继发于巨细胞动脉炎的全眼肌麻痹、视神经鞘膜炎和视网膜中央动脉阻塞1例(英文)显示文摘一位67岁男性患者出现右边颞侧头痛和右眼视力突发性无痛性丧失,出现这些症状时还伴有全部眼肌麻痹和视盘水肿。ESR和C-反应蛋白升高。核磁共振检查证实有视神经鞘膜炎的特征。右颞侧动脉的活组织切片检查正常。眼外肌运动随着全身激素的应用而好转。不幸的是此后患者右眼发展为中央视网膜动脉阻塞。全眼肌麻痹是巨细胞动脉炎的一种罕见表现,为了得到满意的治疗结果并且阻止对侧眼盲,疾病开始时使用皮质类固醇激素是必要的。 | Bashkaran Karuppannan Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Wahid Abdullah Salem Wajih Embong Zunaina Venkatesh Ramaswamy Naik | 2009 | 国际眼科杂志2009，9，12： | 0 |
| 14 | 视神经视网膜炎合并Bell麻痹(英文)显示文摘目的:报道1例罕见的视神经视网膜炎合并Bell麻痹。方法:病例报道。结果:男孩16岁,右眼视物模糊1wk就诊,伴高热以及两侧面部不对称。视力右眼0. 1(6/60),左眼1. 0(6/6)。右眼眼底表现为视盘充血水肿及黄斑部存在星芒状皱褶。左侧下运动神经麻痹,Humphrey视野检查表现为旁中心暗点和生理盲点扩大。全血细胞记数显示中性粒细胞增多及血沉加快。血清学检测梅毒、弓形体病、莱姆病、猫抓病阴性。单纯疱疹、带状疱疹、艾滋病毒检测均为阴性。立克次体也为阴性,脑部及眼眶MRI均正常,未发现脱髓鞘病变。起始为甲强龙每日4次250mg静滴3d,出院后继续口服大剂量强的松1mg/kg 11d。6mo后,随访视力达1.0(6/6),视盘略显苍白。Bell麻痹也明显改善,无明显两侧面部不对称。结论:对于视神经炎,临床医生检查其他颅神经有无病变是非常重要的。视神经视网膜炎同时合并面神经麻痹非常罕见,需要进行全面的检查和问诊以排除一些重要的感染性致病原因。视神经炎合并面神经麻痹对大剂量激素治疗敏感。 | Hui Ken Tan W H Wan Hazabbah | 2008 | 国际眼科杂志2008，8，1： | 0 |
| 15 | 黑色谷物昆虫导致的严重眼部创伤1例(英文)显示文摘患者,女,农民,59岁,左眼被名为Scotinophara菌的黑色谷物昆虫蜇伤后疼痛肿胀1wk,表现为急性进行性视物模糊。左眼检查发现有明显的眼球突出、眶周肿胀和上睑下垂,眼球各个方向运动均受到限制。角膜浑浊伴上皮大片缺损。眼底检查发现视网膜中央动、静脉闭塞,视盘水肿和黄斑区缺血等特征。CT扫描和脑与眼眶MRI检查发现眼眶软组织炎症。患者诊断为左眼眶蜂窝织炎、角膜炎(角膜葡萄肿)和和视网膜中央动静脉闭塞。全身和局部抗菌素治疗后,眼眶周围肿胀,眼球突出明显改善。但是视力仍为无光感,此外,仍存在持续性眼球运动障碍。Scotinophara菌产生了严重的和长久的潜在眼部刺激。Scotinophara菌所致可觉察的轻微人眼伤害尤其在易发部位应该及时给予滴眼液治疗。 | Eng-Hui Gan Kel-Vin Chin Syed Shoeb Ahmad Shuaibah Abdut Ghani Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，7： | 0 |
| 16 | 免疫功能正常少年患早期表现为复视的隐球菌脑膜炎1例(英文)显示文摘目的:报告免疫力正常少年的隐球菌脑膜炎1例,早期表现为复视和双眼视力低下。方法:病例报告。结果:男,17岁,两眼视物模糊并复视3wk,伴随严重的搏动性头痛、恶心、呕吐及低热。经体格检查无发热及假性脑膜炎迹象。双眼视力为6/15并视野缩窄。双眼前段正常。眼外肌运动表明双侧第六神经麻痹。眼底检查显示双侧视盘充血和轻度隆起。CT扫描大脑正常,无颅内肿块或脑室异常。腰椎穿刺发现高开放压>300mmH2O。脑脊液显微镜下及培养均存在新型隐球菌。本例由神经医疗组联合处理。患者开始静脉注射两性霉素B和氟康唑,神经症状1wk后恢复,双眼视力提高到6/6,同时周边视野恢复。随着第六神经麻痹的康复双眼复视得到好转。结论:本例强调了隐球菌脑膜炎进展缓慢的性质。即使免疫功能正常,也不会存在明显的假性脑膜炎特征,复视可能是脑膜炎患者的早期表现之一。 | Yanti Muslikhan Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Siti Raihan Ishak Ibrahim Mohtar John Takaran | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，3： | 0 |
| 17 | 亚洲女童视网膜炎合并多发性硬化1例(英文)显示文摘目的:报道亚洲儿童单侧视神经炎合并多发性硬化1例方法:病例报道结果:中国女孩10岁,右眼视力突然持续下降3d,伴有眼球运动痛。患者1a前曾有高热并伴有步态共济失调病史。当时被诊断为急性弥散性脑脊髓炎,右眼视力数指,伴有瞳孔传入阻滞,视盘充血水肿,色觉功能受损严重。视野检查显示中心暗点及盲点扩大。脑部磁共振MRI结果显示大脑左侧枕叶有较高密度影损害,神经中枢基部和脑室周围的区域提示多发性硬化。给予患者甲基强的松龙静脉滴注3d,以后改为口服强的松龙11d。患者出现明显好转,视力提高到6/9,并且维持3a没有复发结论:视神经炎合并多发性硬化在儿童中比较罕见且鲜有报道。我们报道这个病例就是为了强调这个疾病在亚洲青少年人群出现的可能性。 | A R Rohana I Shatriah S Bakiah W H Wan Hazabbah | 2007 | 国际眼科杂志2007，7，6： | 0 |
| 18 | 梅毒—一个尚未充分认识的引起年老患者术后葡萄膜炎的原因(英文)显示文摘目的:报告1例年长患者因梅毒继发的术后葡萄膜炎。方法:一例76岁的马来西亚男性患者,双眼为未成熟期白内障,右眼顺利进行了白内障超声乳化术,既往无葡萄膜炎病史。术后5d,右眼突然出现视物模糊,眼部检查发现角膜弥漫性水肿、中度前房反应和眼压升高。结果:局部应用抗生素和类固醇药物效果良好,眼压经用抗青光眼药得到控制。然而,术后3wk,右眼再次发生疼痛、红肿、视物模糊,眼部检查显示严重的前葡萄膜炎伴有羊脂状角膜后沉积物出现,VDRL和TPHA阳性证实为梅毒,通过全身注射青霉素类药物和局部应用类固醇药物,病情明显好转。结论:这个病例证明在年长患者梅毒是未被充分认识的引起术后葡萄膜炎的病因,应用青霉素可获得快速显著的治疗效果。 | A Azreen Redzal W H Wan Hazabbah I Mohtar | 2008 | 国际眼科杂志2008，8，4： | 0 |
| 19 | Excellent outcome of primary Neisseria meningitidis keratoconjunctivitis显示文摘Infectious conjunctivitis is a very common presentation to medical professional and ophthalmologist all over the world.Although its typically self-limiting and treatable in almost all of the cases,but we need to be aware of the rare and potentially life threatening if the cause is not promptly identified and treated accordingly.In our case report,we highlighted the rare case of Neisseria meningitidis as a primary cause of keratoconjunctivitis.Neisseria meningitidis is a rare etiology of keratoconjunctivitis and its ocular presentations are quite similar with other bacterial or viral infection.The infection may potentially fatal if systemic invasion occurred,however with immediate and proper treatment the outcome is satisfactory.Early diagnosis and proper antibiotic treatment are critical to prevent systemic spread of the infection.Public health intervention is needed to prevent outbreak of the disease. | Jakiyah Daud Siti Raihan Ishak Zakuan Zainy Deris Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 0 |
| 20 | Orbital apex syndrome after tooth extraction in an immunocompromised patient显示文摘A 60 year-old man presented with acute on set of left eye proptosis and ptosis.It was associated with poor vision,eye pain and restriction of eye movement of the same eye after 5 hours post left upper molar tooth extraction.The visual acuity in the left eye was hand movement.There was severe ptosis and proptosis of the left eye.The conjunctiva was chemotic with quite anterior chamber.The pupil was mid dilated and sluggished to light.The ocular movement was restricted in all directions.Fundoscopy of the left eye revealed features of central retinal artery occlusion with hyperaemic disc and subretinal exudates at posterior pole.The right eye appeared normal.Urgent MRI brain and orbit revealed severe left paranasal sinusitis with anterior displacement of the left globe and presence orbital abscess.Patient was managed with Otorhinolaryngology and Neuro-surgery teams.He underwent emergency transnasal drainage of abscess.Histopathological examination of unhealthy sinus mucosa showed evidence of fungal infection.However,the culture and sensitivity result was inconclusive.Patient was treated with amphotericin B,ceftriaxone,amoxicillin clavulanate and metronidazole.Patient was detected to have high blood sugar level and was managed accordingly.The proptosis improved with treatment.However,his vision,ptosis and ophthalmoplegia remained static.Assessing the immunocompromised status is important for the management of patient presented as acute orbital apex syndrome to avoid fatal outcome. | Suresh Subramaniam Cheong Min Tet Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Adil Hussein Shamim Ahmed Khan Hillol Kanti Pal Zunaina Embong | 2011 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2011，4，1： | 0 |
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