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| 1 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 2 | Regression of cirrhosis during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B: a 5-year open-label follow-up study显示文摘 | Patrick Marcellin Edward Gane Maria Buti Nezam Afdhal William Sievert Ira M Jacobson Mary Kay Washington George Germanidis John F Flaherty Raul Aguilar Schall Jeffrey D Bornstein Kathryn M Kitrinos G Mani Subramanian John G McHutchison E Jenny Heathcote | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，： | 14 |
| 3 | Effect of TGF-131 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on renal function in chronic renal failure rats显示文摘目的:学习是调查转变生长因素( TGF )贝它 1 反的有效性的礼品的目的在改善察觉到 oligodeoxynucleotides ( ODN )在有 导致puromycin 的长期的肾衰竭( CRF )的老鼠的败坏的肾功能 .Methods :盐,嘌呤霉素,puromycin+TGF贝它 1 反感觉 ODN 或 puromycin+scrambled ODN 予被以单方地 nephrecto-mized 老鼠。肾的血液动力学、分泌的大小在经历了外科的 procedure.Results 的使麻木的老鼠被拿:在 CRF 老鼠,在肾的血流( RBF )有显著减小,这被观察, glomerular 率( GFR ),严重蛋白尿,并且几乎6褶层在控制老鼠作为与那相比增加了钠( FE Na^+)的部分排泄(所有 P < 0.05 )。在 CRF 老鼠,有 1 反察觉到的 TGF 贝它的处理,然而并非爬的 ODN,显著地稀释了 RBF, GFR,和蛋白尿的减小并且显著地阻止了 FE Na^+ 的增加,这进一步被观察(所有 P < 0.05 ) 。另外,在 CRF 的肾的肥大组织(P < 0.05 对非肾的失败控制) 是有 TGF-1 反感觉 ODN 的显著地稀释的术后疗法(P < 0.05 ) 。焦点的部分肾小球硬化症在未经治疗、爬的对待 ODN 的 CRF 组仅仅是明显的。这研究的有趣的观察在 CRF 老鼠是那,尽管有显著 attenuating 和TGF贝它的预防效果败坏的肾的功能上的 1 反感觉 ODN ,反感觉处理没在TGF贝它的肾的表示引起任何显著变化 1 在蛋白质 level.Conclusion :一起,获得的数据建议 1 反感觉 ODN 拥有的那TGF贝它在 导致puromycin 的长期的肾衰竭的有益的效果并且在形态学的恶化和处于这个病理学的状态的损害肾的功能部分地依赖于TGF贝它的行动 1 在肾以内。 | Law Chung HIONG Kiew Lik VOON Nor Azizan ABDULLAH Munavvar A SATTAR Nazarina Abdul RAHMAN Abdul Hye KHAN4, Edward James JOHNS | 2008 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2008，29，4： | 7 |
| 4 | 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference显示文摘 | Mitchell M. Levy Mitchell P. Fink John C. Marshall Edward Abraham Derek Angus Deborah Cook Jonathan Cohen Steven M. Opal Jean-Louis Vincent Graham Ramsay | 2003 | Critical Care Medicine2003，，4： | 7 |
| 5 | Anti-tumour necrosis factor agent and liver injury:literature review,recommendations for management显示文摘Abnormalities in liver function tests,including transient and self-limiting hypertransaminasemia,cholestatic disease and hepatitis,can develop during treatment with anti-tumour-necrosis-factor(TNF)therapy.The optimal management of liver injury related to antiTNF therapy is still a matter of debate.Although some authors recommend discontinuing treatment in case of both a rise of alanine aminotransferase more than5 times the upper limit of normal,or the occurrence of jaundice,there are no standard guidelines for the management of anti-TNF-related liver injury.Bibliographical searches were performed in Pub Med,using the following key words:inflammatory bowel disease(IBD);TNF inhibitors;hypertransaminasemia;drugrelated liver injury;infliximab.According to published data,elevation of transaminases in patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF is a common finding,but resolution appears to be the usual outcome.Anti-TNF agents seem to be safe with a low risk of causing severe drugrelated liver injury.According to our centre experience,we found that hypertransaminasemia was a common,mainly self-limiting finding in our IBD cohort and was not correlated to infliximab treatment on both univariate and multivariate analyses.An algorithm for the management of liver impairment occurring during antiTNF treatment is also proposed and this highlights the need of a multidisciplinary approach and suggests liver biopsy as a key-point in the management decision in case of severe rise of transaminases.However,hepatic injury is generally self-limiting and drug withdrawal seems to be an exception. | Roberta Elisa Rossi Ioanna Parisi Edward John Despott Andrew Kenneth Burroughs James O'Beirne Dario Conte Mark Ian Hamilton Charles Daniel Murray | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 7 |
| 6 | 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference显示文摘 | Mitchell M. Levy Mitchell P. Fink John C. Marshall Edward Abraham Derek Angus Deborah Cook Jonathan Cohen Steven M. Opal Jean-Louis Vincent Graham Ramsay | 2003 | Critical Care Medicine2003，，4： | 6 |
| 7 | Prevalence of fatty liver in Japanese children and relationship to obesity显示文摘 | Kunihiko Tominaga MD Dr Ph John H. Kurata PhD Dr. Yang K. Chen MD Edward Fujimoto DHSc MPH Shouhei Miyagawa Ichiro Abe MSA Yoshimasa Kusano BS | | Digestive Diseases and Sciences0，，： | 5 |
| 8 | Recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period显示文摘BACKGROUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis.She had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent CT and MRCP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. RESULTS:MRCP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal loop.The resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose tissue.The patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. CONCLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by CT and MRCP. | John CT Wong Charlotte Robinson Edward C Jones Alison Harris Charles Zwirewich Robert Wakefield Richard K Simons Eric M Yoshida | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，2： | 4 |
| 9 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9726： | 4 |
| 10 | 加拿大阿尔伯塔省土地利用交通模型的发展(英文)显示文摘加拿大阿尔伯塔省经济的飞速发展,使得为全省制定合理的交通规划成为一项迫切的任务,在这种情况下,本文提出了全省的土地利用交通模型.该模型以PECAS(生产、交易和消费分派系统)结构为基础,实质是在整体经济的前提下考虑基本的交通需求(商品、服务、劳动力交换的流通过程)而进行交通规划.生产、交易和消费分派系统是一种空间经济模拟系统,它侧重交通规划和发展规划,近几年在美国提出并在一些州和城市得到应用.阿尔伯塔省土地利用交通模型受其模型建立基础,尤其是MEPLAN和TRANUS模型的影响,但该模型在理论基础和行为描述上都做了明显的改进.本文从数据源和标定方法方面介绍加拿大阿尔伯塔省的土地利用交通模型的建立和发展. | 钟鸣 John Douglas Hunt John Edward Abraham | 2007 | 交通运输系统工程与信息2007，7，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Pushing the boundaries of diode-pumped solid-state lasers for high-energy applications显示文摘We report on the successful demonstration of a 150 J nanosecond pulsed cryogenic gas cooled,diode-pumped multi-slab Yb:YAG laser operating at 1 Hz.To the best of our knowledge,this is the highest energy ever recorded for a diodepumped laser system. | Saumyabrata Banerjee Paul Mason Jonathan Phillips Jodie Smith Thomas Butcher Jacob Spear Mariastefania De Vido Gary Quinn Danielle Clarke Klaus Ertel Cristina Hernez-Gomez Chris Edwards John Collier | 2020 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2020，8，2： | 4 |
| 12 | 卒中一级预防指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的声明显示文摘这份更新版指南旨在为既往无卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作史的人群提供适时的综合性卒中预防循证建议,包括危险因素控制、头颈部动脉粥样硬化性疾病的干预方法以及预防血栓形成和血栓栓塞性卒中的抗栓治疗。此外,本指南还提供了针对遗传和药理学检测以及在其他特殊情况下(包括镰状细胞疾病和卵圆孔未闭)进行卒中预防的建议。 | James F. Meschia Cheryl Bushnell Bernadette Boden-Albala Lynne T. Braun Dawn M. Bravata Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Robert H. Eckel Mitchell S.V. Elkind Myriam Fornage Larry B Goldstein Steven M. Greenberg Susanna E. Horvath Costantino Iadecola Edward C. Jauch Wesley S. Moore John A. Wilson 李迪 高一鹭 陈政弘 霍晓川 孙海欣 孙冬玲 茹小娟 江滨 | 2015 | 国际脑血管病杂志2015，23，6： | 4 |
| 13 | Anti-rods/rings autoantibody generation in hepatitis Cpatients during interferon-α/ribavirin therapy显示文摘Chronic inflammation associated with hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection can lead to disabling liver diseases with progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the recent availability of more effective and less toxic therapeutic options, in most parts of the world the standard treatment consists of a weekly injection of pegylated interferon α(IFN-α) together with a daily dose of ribavirin. HCV patients frequently present circulating non-organ-specific autoantibodies demonstrating a variety of staining patterns in the indirect immunofluorescence assay for antinuclear antibodies(ANA). Between 20% to 40% of HCV patients treated with IFN-α and ribavirin develop autoantibodies showing a peculiar ANA pattern characterized as rods and rings(RR) structures. The aim of this article is to review the recent reports regarding RR structures and anti-rods/rings(antiRR) autoantibody production by HCV patients after IFN-α/ribavirin treatment. Anti-RR autoantibodies first appear around the sixth month of treatment and reach a plateau around the twelfth month. After treatment completion, anti-RR titers decrease/disappear in half the patients and remain steady in the other half. Some studies have observed a higher frequency of anti-RR antibodies in relapsers, i.e., patients in which circulating virus reappears after initially successful therapy. The main target of anti-RR autoantibodies in HCV patients is inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2(IMPDH2), the rate-limiting enzyme involved in the guanosine triphosphate biosynthesis pathway. Ribavirin is a direct IMPDH2 inhibitor and is able to induce the formation of RR structures in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, these observations led to the hypothesis that anti-RR autoantibody production is a human model of immunologic tolerance breakdown that allows us to explore the humoral autoimmune response from the beginning of the putative triggering event: exposure to ribavirin and interferon. | Gerson Dierley Keppeke S John Calise Edward KL Chan Luis Eduardo C Andrade | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，6： | 4 |
| 14 | Development of a 100 J,10 Hz laser for compression experiments at the High Energy Density instrument at the European XFEL显示文摘In this paper we review the design and development of a 100 J, 10 Hz nanosecond pulsed laser, codenamed DiPOLE100 X,being built at the Central Laser Facility(CLF). This 1 kW average power diode-pumped solid-state laser(DPSSL) is based on a master oscillator power amplifier(MOPA) design, which includes two cryogenic gas cooled amplifier stages based on DiPOLE multi-slab ceramic Yb:YAG amplifier technology developed at the CLF. The laser will produce pulses between 2 and 15 ns in duration with precise, arbitrarily selectable shapes, at pulse repetition rates up to 10 Hz, allowing real-time shape optimization for compression experiments. Once completed, the laser will be delivered to the European X-ray Free Electron Laser(XFEL) facility in Germany as a UK-funded contribution in kind, where it will be used to study extreme states of matter at the High Energy Density(HED) instrument. | Paul Mason Saumyabrata Banerjee Jodie Smith Thomas Butcher Jonathan Phillips Hauke Hoppner Dominik Moller Klaus Ertel Mariastefania De Vido Ian Hollingham ANDrew Norton Stephanie Tomlinson Tinesimba Zata Jorge Suarez Merchan Chris Hooker Mike Tyldesley Toma Toncian Cristina HernANDez-Gomez Chris Edwards John Collier | 2018 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2018，6，4： | 4 |
| 15 | Carbon Supply and the Regulation of Cell Wa Synthesis显示文摘 | Jana Verbancic John Edward Lunn Mark Stitt Staffan Persson | 2018 | Molecular Plant2018，11，1： | 4 |
| 16 | A Prospective Study on Fish Bone Ingestion: Experience of 358 Patients显示文摘 | JOHN H. K. NGAN PETER J. FOK EDWARD C. S. LAI FRANK J. BRANICKI JOHN WONG | 1990 | Annals of Surgery1990，，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Challenges and needs for China to eliminate rabies显示文摘In China,rabies is a significant public health concern where dogs remain the main reservoir of disease transmission to humans;rabies-related mortality ranks second in the world.We compiled all published articles and official documents on rabies in China's Mainland to examine challenges and needs to eliminate rabies in the country.The Chinese authorities have identified rabies as a priority,recognized rabies control in dogs as key to control rabies in humans and required intersectoral collaborations.Efforts have been made to respond effectively to the latest re-emergence of rabies,which peaked in 2007 with>3,300 cases.Despite these outcomes and the increasing volume of publications and regulations in the recent years,our review points to some major information gaps to improve rabies control activities and envisage elimination program.An emphasis on laboratory or pathogen-associated and basic epidemiology research in the literature has contrasted with the absence of information to monitor various systems in humans and animals(e.g.quality of surveillance,response and post-exposure prophylaxis).Information is also lacking to appropriately inform policymakers(e.g.economic disease burden,impact of policies)and assist program managers(e.g.comprehensive and strategic guidance for cost-effective prevention and control activities,public education and dog population management).In conclusion,strategic planning is needed to provide a sense of direction,demonstrate feasibility of elimination in China,and develop a research agenda,addressing country’s operational needs and constraints.The planning should be a multisectoral effort. | Wenwu Yin Jie Dong Changchun Tu John Edwards Fusheng Guo Hang Zhou Hongjie Yu Sirenda Vong | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 3 |
| 18 | 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference显示文摘 | Mitchell M. Levy Mitchell P. Fink John C. Marshall Edward Abraham Derek Angus Deborah Cook Jonathan Cohen Steven M. Opal Jean-Louis Vincent Graham Ramsay | 2003 | Intensive Care Medicine2003，，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | 2010 (9726)2010，，9726： | 3 |
| 20 | Dietary stimulation of the endogenous somatotropic axis in weaner and growerfinisher pigs using medium chain triglycerides and cysteamine hydrochloride显示文摘Background: Three experiments were conducted to examine the overall hypothesis that addition of medium chain triglycerides(MCT) and cysteamine hydrochloride(CSH) into the diets of young and growing pigs would stimulate the endogenous somatotropic axis to improve growth and performance.Results: In Experiment 1, weaner pigs were given either a 5 d dietary supplement of 5 % MCT(n = 8) or a control diet(n = 8). MCT increased the plasma concentration of growth hormone(GH; P < 0.05) and the GH secretagogue,ghrelin(P < 0.05). Additionally, the MCT treatment reduced scouring(P < 0.05), maintained villous height in the small intestine(P < 0.05) and stabilised daily weight gain(P < 0.05), compared to the controls. Experiment 2compared the effects of 4 levels(0, 1, 3 and 6 % v/v) of MCT supplementation in grower-finisher male pigs, of approximately 35 kg live weight(n = 15 per treatment). Blood samples taken after 7 wk of treatment showed that the MCT supplementation increased circulating ghrelin(P < 0.001), GH(P < 0.01) and insulin(P < 0.05)concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. Daily weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not affected by the MCT diets. In Experiment 3, 64 female pigs of approximately 60 kg live weight were allocated to one of three dietary treatments: control(n = 20); 6 % MCT(n = 21); and 70 mg/kg CSH(n = 21). After 3 wk of supplementation, the MCT treated pigs had a higher plasma concentration of ghrelin compared to the control and CSH pigs(P < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of GH and weight were not affected by any of the dietary treatments.Conclusions: Evidence is provided in Experiment 1 to support the use of dietary MCT supplements, perhaps acting via stimulation of somatotropic endocrine pathways, to minimise weaning-associated disorders such as slowing of growth and diarrhoea. In Experiments 2 and 3, although there was no effect on weight gain or feed conversion ratio in either experiment, MCT and CSH increased endocrine components of the somatotropic axis. | David W.Miller Zoe Prosser Edward Y.W.Chee Christian F.Hansen Frank R.Dunshea Bruce P.Mullan John R.Pluske | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，2： | 3 |
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