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| 1 | Radiation exposure and reduction in the operating room: Perspectives and future directions in spine surgery显示文摘Intraoperative imaging is vital for accurate placement of instrumentation in spine surgery. However, the use of biplanar fluoroscopy and other intraoperative imaging modalities is associated with the risk of significant radiation exposure in the patient, surgeon, and surgical staff. Radiation exposure in the form of ionizing radiation can lead to cellular damage via the induction of DNA lesions and the production of reactive oxygen species. These effects often result in cell death or genomic instability, leading to various radiation-associated pathologies including an increased risk of malignancy. In attempts to reduce radiation-associated health risks, radiation safety has become an important topic in the medical field. All practitioners, regardless of practice setting, can practice radiation safety techniques including shielding and distance to reduce radiation exposure. Additionally, optimization of fluoroscopic settings and techniques can be used as an effective method of radiation dose reduction. New imaging modalities and spinal navigation systems have also been developed in an effort to replace conventional fluoroscopy and reduce radiation doses. These modalities include Isocentric Three-Dimensional C-Arms, O-Arms, and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging. While this influx of new technology has advanced radiation safety within the field of spine surgery, more work is still required to overcome specific limitations involving increased costs and inadequate training. | Ankur S Narain Fady Y Hijji Kelly H Yom Krishna T Kudaravalli Brittany E Haws Kern Singh | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，7： | 9 |
| 2 | Adipose tissue tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 expression in human obesity and insulin resistance显示文摘 | Kern PA Ranganathan S Li C | 2001 | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2001，280，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Long -term denervation in humans causes degeneration of both contractile and excitation -contraction coupling apparatus, which is reversible by functional electrical stimulation (FES): a role for myofiber regeneration 显示文摘 | Kern H Boncompagni S Rossini K | 2004 | J Neuropathol Exp Neurol2004，63，9： | 1 |
| 4 | Social cognition in psy- chosis: Multidimensional structure, clinical correlates and rela- tionship with functional outcome显示文摘 | Mancuso F Horan W P Kern R S | 2011 | Schizophr Res2011，125，23： | 1 |
| 5 | Keratinase of doratomyces microsporus 显示文摘 | GRADISAR H KERN S FRIEDRICH J | 2000 | Applied Microbiology and Biotech- nology2000，53，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Prognostic impact of FLT3-ITD load in NPM1 muta- ted acute myeloid leukemia 显示文摘 | s SCHNITTGER S BACHER U KERN W | 2011 | Leukemia2011，25，： | 1 |
| 7 | Variability of duration of action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs in elderly patients显示文摘 | Arain SR Kern S Ficke DJ | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 8 | Prognostic impact of RT-PCR-based quantification of WT1 gene expression during MRD monitoring of acute myeloid leukemia显示文摘 | Weisser M Kern W Rauhut S | 2005 | Leukemia2005，19，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Comparative analysis of mesen- ehymal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or adipose tissue显示文摘 | Kern S Eichler H Stoeve J | 2006 | Stem Ceils2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 10 | swallow-related cerebra cortical activity maps are not specific to deglutition显示文摘 | Rasmus B Jaradeh S | 2001 | Am J Physiol Gasrointest Liver Physiol2001，280，： | 1 |
| 11 | Stress and fold localization in thin e lastic membranes 显示文摘 | Pocivavsek L Dellsy R Kern A Johnson S Lin B Lee KY C Cerda E | 2008 | Science2008，320，： | 1 |
| 12 | Epidemiological studies of the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in the Jordan Valley,Israel显示文摘 | COHEN S KERN J HARPAZ I | 1988 | Phytoparasitica1988，16，： | 1 |
| 13 | BRCA2 is inactivated late in the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: evidence and implications显示文摘 | Goggins M Hruban R H Kern S E | 2000 | Am J Pathol2000，156，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Adipose tissue tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 expression in human obesity and insulin resistance显示文摘 | Kern PA Ranganathan S Li C | 2001 | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2001，280，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Comparative analysis of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or adipose tissue显示文摘 | Kern S Eichler H Stoeve J | 2006 | Stem Cells2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Comparative analysis of mesenchy- mal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or adipose tis- sue 显示文摘 | Kern S Eichler H Stoeve J | 2006 | Stem Cells2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 17 | A comparison of two 85-GHz SSM/I ice concentration algorithms with AVHRR and ERS-2 SAR imagm'y 显示文摘 | Kern S Kaleschke L Clausi D A | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Geoscienee and Remote Sensing2003，41，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparing mesenehymal stromal cells from different human tissues: bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord blood显示文摘 | Bieback K Kern S Kocaomer A | 2008 | Biomed Mater Eng2008，18，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Critical parameters for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord blood显示文摘 | Karen Bieback K Kern S Kluter H | 2004 | Stem Cells2004，22，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Autologous concentrate platelet rich plasma(cPRP) for local application in bone regeneration显示文摘 | Dugrillon A Eichler H Kern S | 2002 | Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg2002，31，6： | 1 |
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