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| 1 | Correlation between Fibroscan and laboratory tests in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients for assessing liver fibrosis显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a spectrum of disease ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), through to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Many patients with NAFLD remain undiagnosed and recognizing those at risk is very crucial. Although liver biopsy is the gold standard method for diagnosing and staging NAFLD, non-invasive imaging and lab modalities are also very promising in diagnosing these diseases.AIM To explore some of these non-invasive modalities in this context and assess how they hold up in terms of making a diagnosis while avoiding an invasive procedure like a liver biopsy.METHODS This study was conducted on NAFLD/NASH patients(n = 73) who underwent Fibroscan examinations at Saint George Hospital University Medical Center over 17 mo in order to assess liver fibrosis. Obtained Fibroscan results were correlated to laboratory tests and calculated aspartate transaminase(AST)/alanine transaminase(ALT) ratio, AST platelet ratio index(APRI) score and Fibrosis-4 score.RESULTS A significant age difference was observed across fibrosis stages of investigated patients. The mean stiffness score was 9.48 ± 11.77 KPa. A significant negative correlation was observed between ALT, AST, Albumin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, and ALP when compared across fibrosis stages. On the other hand, a significant positive correlation was found between Bilirubin, PT INR, partial thromboplastin time, glucose, and Platelet count when compared across fibrosis stages, in addition to AST/ALT ratio, APRI, and Fib-4 scores.CONCLUSION This study showed that Ultrasound alone is not efficient in the assessment of advancement of liver disease. Furthermore, the high positive relation between AST/ALT ratio, APRI and Fib-4 scores with fibrosis stages in NAFLD patients suggests that they could be used clinically in combination with Fibroscan to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis and to avoid liver biopsy. | Layal Al Nanaf Mohammed Hussein Kamareddine Emilie Fayad Aniqa Hussain Said Farhat | 2022 | World Journal of Hepatology2022，14，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Amblyopia screening for first and second-grade children in Jordan显示文摘AIM:To share the results of a national screening program for amblyopia in school children in the north of Jordan.METHODS:This is a prospective national screening study for amblyopia.The program rolls first and second-grade children(6 to 7 years old) in the north of Jordan.The eye examination included:best-corrected visual acuity,cover-uncover test,and cycloplegic retinoscopy.Monocular visual acuity was tested using an ETDRS visual acuity chart without correction.Moreover,children were tested with full cycloplegic refraction when the test criteria were met.Unilateral amblyopia was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity difference of 2 or more lines.In comparison,bilateral amblyopia was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or worse in the best eye.RESULTS:The prevalence of amblyopia for the total sample tested(n=17 203) was 2.78%(n=479).The most common cause of amblyopia was hypermetropia(64.45%),followed by previous ocular surgeries(15.1%),myopia(10.43%),strabismus(9.39%),and congenital cataract(0.63%).CONCLUSION:This is the first and only study,identifing modifiable risk factors in Jordanian children with amblyopia.In their first couple of years of elementary education,many Jordanian children are affected by amblyopia and pass unnoticed.A more governmental effort is needed into screening programs to improve vision in the Jordanian population. | Khalil M.Al-Salem Mohammad S.Saleem Ismat Ereifej Hamzeh M.Alrawashdeh Rayed Falah Hussein Obeidat Asma Ali Abdlmohdi Raeda Zaki Al-Momani Layal Mohammed Hammad Omar Ahmad al-Habahbeh Yaqeen M.Assassfeh Laith Ramzi Najib Al-Qsous Ashraf Hatim Adeeb Nasraween Tariq A.Al Maaitah Deya'-Aldin Muneer Hasan Aqeel Ibtehal Eyadeh Awad Alabdulrazzg Abdullah Mahmoud Mohammad Murad Amany Jehad Faleh AL-Zurqan Enas Jamal Mohammad Jaradat Slsabela Emad Suliman Aldhoon Ala'a Majed Dmour Ahmad Talal Asassfeh Jeries Ayman Halaseh Abdel Aziz Ammar Daoud Waha Ayman Alkasasbeh Kholoud GH.Matar | 2022 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2022，15，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Engrailed homeoprotein acts as a signaling molecule in the developing fly 显示文摘 | Layalle S Volovitch M Magat B | 2011 | Development2011，138，11： | 1 |
| 4 | Engrailed homeoprotein acts as a signaling molecule in the developing fly显示文摘 | Layalle S Volovitch M Mugat B | 2011 | Development2011，138，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Antagonistic actions of ecdysone and insulins determine final size in Drosophila显示文摘 | Colombani J Bianchini L Layalle S Pondeville E Dauphin-Villemant C Antoniewski C Carré C Noselli S Léopold P | | 0，，5748： | 1 |
| 6 | Antagonistic Actions of Eedysone and Insulins Determine Final Size in Drosophila显示文摘 | JULIEN COLOMBANI LAURENCE BIANCHINI SOPHIE LAYALLE | 2005 | Science2005，310，： | 1 |
| 7 | Antagonistic actions of ecdysone and insulin determine final size in Drosophila显示文摘 | Colombani J Bianchini L Layalle S Pondeville E Dauphin-Villemant C Antoniewski C Antoniewski C Carre C Noselli S Leopold P | 2005 | Science2005，310，5748： | 1 |
| 8 | Using transcription factors for direct reprogramming of neurons in vitro显示文摘Cell therapy offers great promises in replacing the neurons lost due to neurodegenerative diseases or injuries.However,a key challenge is the cellular source for transplantation which is often limited by donor availability.Direct reprogramming provides an exciting avenue to generate specialized neuron subtypes in vitro,which have the potential to be used for autologous transplantation,as well as generation of patient-specific disease models in the lab for drug discovery and testing gene therapy.Here we present a detailed review on transcription factors that promote direct reprogramming of specific neuronal subtypes with particular focus on glutamatergic,GABAergic,dopaminergic,sensory and retinal neurons.We will discuss the developmental role of master transcriptional regulators and specification factors for neuronal subtypes,and summarize their use in promoting direct reprogramming into different neuronal subtypes.Furthermore,we will discuss up-and-coming technologies that advance the cell reprogramming field,including the use of computational prediction of reprogramming factors,opportunity of cellular reprogramming using small chemicals and microRNA,as well as the exciting potential for applying direct reprogramming in vivo as a novel approach to promote neuro-regeneration within the body.Finally,we will highlight the clinical potential of direct reprogramming and discuss the hurdles that need to be overcome for clinical translation. | Layal El Wazan Daniel Urrutia-Cabrera Raymond Ching-Bong Wong | 2019 | World Journal of Stem Cells2019，11，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa:Challenges and call for action显示文摘Type 2 diabetes continues to be a serious and highly prevalent public health problem worldwide.In 2019,the highest prevalence of diabetes in the world at 12.2%,with its associated morbidity and mortality,was found in the Middle East and North Africa region.In addition to a genetic predisposition in its population,evidence suggests that obesity,physical inactivity,urbanization,and poor nutritional habits have contributed to the high prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in the region.These risk factors have also led to an earlier onset of type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents,negatively affecting the productive years of the youth and their quality of life.Furthermore,efforts to control the rising prevalence of diabetes and its complications have been challenged and complicated by the political instability and armed conflict in some countries of the region and the recent coronavirus disease 2019.Broad strategies,coupled with targeted interventions at the regional,national,and community levels are needed to address and curb the spread of this public health crisis. | Imad M El-Kebbi Nayda H Bidikian Layal Hneiny Mona Philippe Nasrallah | 2021 | World Journal of Diabetes2021，12，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Control of metabolism and growth through insulin-like peptides in Drosophila 显示文摘 | Geminard C Arquier N Layalle S | 2006 | Diabetes2006，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Expression of the methylcytosine dioxygenase ten-eleven translocation-2 and connexin 43 in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer显示文摘BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)constitutes a substantial risk factor for colorectal cancer.Connexin 43(Cx43)is a protein that forms gap junction(GJ)complexes involved in intercellular communication,and its expression is altered under pathological conditions,such as IBD and cancer.Recent studies have implicated epigenetic processes modulating DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and malignant diseases.The ten-eleven translocation-2(TET-2)enzyme catalyzes the demethylation,hence,regulating the activity of various cancer-promoting and tumor-suppressor genes.AIM To investigate Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels and presence of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5-hmC)marks under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in vivo.METHODS TET-2 expression was evaluated in parental HT-29 cells and in HT-29 cells expressing low or high levels of Cx43,a putative tumor-suppressor gene whose expression varies in IBD and colorectal cancer,and which has been implicated in the inflammatory process and in tumor onset.The dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model was reproduced in BALB/c mice to evaluate the expression of TET-2 and Cx43 under inflammatory conditions in vivo.In addition,archived colon tissue sections from normal,IBD(ulcerative colitis),and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients were obtained and evaluated for the expression of TET-2 and Cx43.Expression levels were reported at the transcriptional level by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,and at the translational level by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.RESULTS Under inflammatory conditions,Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels increased compared to noninflammatory conditions.TET-2 upregulation was more pronounced in Cx43-deficient cells.Moreover,colon tissue sections from normal,ulcerative colitis,and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients corroborated that Cx43 expression increased in IBD and decreased in adenocarcinoma,compared to tissues from non-IBD subjects.However,TET-2 expression and 5-hmC mark levels decreased in samples from patients with ulcerative colitis or cancer.Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels were also investigated in an experimental colitis mouse model.Interestingly,mice exposed to carbenoxolone(CBX),a GJ inhibitor,had upregulated TET-2 levels.Collectively,these results show that TET-2 levels and activity increased under inflammatory conditions,in cells downregulating gap junctional protein Cx43,and in colon tissues from mice exposed to CBX.CONCLUSION These results suggest that TET-2 expression levels,as well as Cx43 expression levels,are modulated in models of intestinal inflammation.We hypothesize that TET-2 may demethylate genes involved in inflammation and tumorigenesis,such as Cx43,potentially contributing to intestinal inflammation and associated carcinogenesis. | Mohammad El-Harakeh Jessica Saliba Kawthar Sharaf Aldeen May Haidar Layal El Hajjar Mireille Kallassy Awad Jana G Hashash Margret Shirinian Marwan El-Sabban | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，40： | 0 |
| 12 | Uncommon Variant of Wellens’ Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature显示文摘A 48-year-old male was admitted to the emergency department because of intermittent chest pain of 2 days duration. At the time of examination, he was pain-free. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed biphasic T waves in leads V2 to V6. Troponin-I level was negative. During his transfer to the cardiac catheterization laboratory, he had a short episode of chest pain. His ECG was normal. Despite the unusual extension of biphasic T waves to the lateral precordial leads, the condition was recognized as Wellens’ syndrome, which typically associates biphasic or deep symmetric T wave inversion in leads V2 and V3 during pain-free periods with a critical stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending artery. The syndrome is uncommon to medical practice but should be recognized immediately in the emergency department because it represents a pre-infarction stage and carries a high risk of mortality. | Layal Mansour Elie Chammas Fida Charif Mohamad Jihad Mansour | 2018 | Advanced Emergency Medicine2018，7，1： | 0 |
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