| 1 | Gene expression pattern of K transporter GhHAK5 gene of potassium efficient and in-efficient cotton cultivars based on morphological physiognomies as affected by potassium nutrition and reduced irrigation显示文摘Background Under K deficiency the uptake and distribution pattern in plant cells is mediated through different transport proteins and channels which were controlled by specific gene family.Therefore,a hydroponic experiment was conducted under control condition for testing the gene expression pattern of the K transporter under adequate and low K supply levels.After that,a 2-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate five selected cotton cultivars(four K-efficient cultivars,viz.,CIM-554,CYTO-124,FH-142,IUB-2013,and one K non-efficient,BH-212) screened from the initial hydroponics culture experiment and two levels of potassium(0 K_(2)O kg·ha^(-1) and 50 K_(2)O kg·ha^(-1)) were tested under reduced irrigation(50% available water content;50 AWC) and normal irrigation conditions(100% available water content;100 AWC).Result Results revealed that the transcript levels of GhHAK5aD in roots were significantly higher in K^(+) efficient cultivars than that in K^(+) non-efficient cultivars.The GhHAK5aD expression upon K^(+) deficiency was higher in roots but lower in shoots,indicating that GhHAK5aD could have a role in K^(+) uptake in roots,instead of transport of K^(+) from root to shoot.Similarly,under field conditions the cultivar FH-142 showed an increase of 22.3%,4.9%,2.4%,and 1.4% as compared with BH-212,IUB-2013,CYTO-124,and CIM-554,respectively,in seed cotton yield(SCY) with K application under reduced irrigation conditions.With applied K,the FH-142 showed an increase in net photosynthetic rate by 57.3% as compared with the rest of the cultivars under reduced irrigation over K control.However,the overall performance indicators of K-efficient cultivars like FH-142,CYTO-124,CIM-554,and IUB-2013 were better than BH-212(K in-efficient) under reduced irrigation conditions with applied K at 50 kg·ha^(-1).Fiber quality trait improved significantly with K application under water deficit.The increase in micronaire was 3.6%,4.7%,7.8%,3.4%,and 6.7% in BH-212,IUB-2013,CIM-554,CYTO-124,and FH-142,respectively,with K application at 50 kg·ha^(-1) over without K application under reduced irrigation conditions during the cotton growing season.Similarly,the cultivars FH-142 increased by 12% with K application under reduced irrigation as compared with other cultivars.The performance of K-efficient cultivars under reduced irrigation conditions was 30% better in SCY and quality traits with the application of K at 50 kg·ha^(-1) as compared with K-non-efficient cultivars.Similarly,water use efficiency(WUE)(40.1%) and potassium use efficiency(KUE)(20.2%) were also noted higher in case of FH-142 as compared with other cultivar with K application under reduced conditions.Conclusion Higher expression of GhHAK5aD gene was observed in K-efficient cultivars as compared with K-nonefficient cultivars in roots indicates that GhHAK5aD may be contributing to genotypic differences for K^(+) efficiency in cotton.K-efficient cotton cultivars can be used for the low-K environments and can also be recommended for general cultivars. | AKHTAR Muhammad Naeem HAQ Tanveer ul AKHTAR Muhammad Waseem ABBASS Ghulam | 2023 | Journal of Cotton Research2023，6，3： | 0 |
| 2 | Bioactivity of Indigenous Melia azedarach Extracts against the Tomato Leafminer,Tuta absoluta显示文摘Fruit extracts of indigenous Melia azedarach were tested for their insecticidal bioactivity against the tomato leafminer(Tuta absoluta)under laboratory conditions.Tomato plants were exposed to moths,after/before application of treatments.Treatments included:crushed fruit extracts of water(500,000 ppm and 200,000 ppm),methanol and ethyl acetate(200,000 ppm)with and without mineral oil(2%);M.azedarach powder extracts(2,000 ppm)in different solvents:water,methanol,ethanol,ethyl acetate,hexane and chloroform;biorational products:neem oil,mineral oil,micronized sulfur and thyme oil.The released moths were removed from treated/untreated plants at 72 h and effect of treatments on adults,eggs,larvae and pupae were recorded.Results indicated that sulfur caused the lowest number of live moths to be present on treated plants and was not significantly different in its effect from that of M.azedarach extracts and neem oil.Aqueous extracts without and with oil caused the highest%of dry eggs and were comparable to neem oil.Extracts in the two formulations(crushed fruits and/or powder)caused significant direct effects on immature instars:eggs,early larval instars and pupae.M.azedarach extracts and the tested products also caused indirect effect in form of significant decrease in number of developing the 3rd larval instars and new emerging moths compared to the control.Consecutive sprays of these extracts against eggs,larvae and pupae on same treated plants lead to very low number of moths for a second generation of the pest which contributes to low buildup of pest population in a tomato crop. | Efat Abou-Fakhr Hammad Amani Abbass Muhammad Abbass Zaynab Mohamad Haidar Josiane El-Chemali Youssef Abou Jawdeh Ludmilla Ibrahim | 2019 | Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)2019，9，1： | 0 |
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