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| 1 | Stem cell therapy for the treatment of Leydig cell dysfunction in primary hypogonadism显示文摘The production of testosterone occurs within the Leydig cells of the testes. When production fails at this level from either congenital, acquired, or systemic disorders,the result is primary hypogonadism. While numerous testosterone formulations have been developed, none are yet fully capable of replicating the physiological patterns of testosterone secretion. Multiple stem cell therapies to restore androgenic function of the testes are under investigation. Leydig cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and the testes have shown promise for future therapy for primary hypogonadism. In particular, the discovery and utilization of a group of progenitor stem cells within the testes, known as stem Leydig cells(SLCs), has led not only to a better understanding of testicular development, but of treatment as well. When combining this with an understanding of the mechanisms that lead to Leydig cell dysfunction, researchers and physicians will be able to develop stem cell therapies that target the specific step in the steroidogenic process that is deficient. The current preclinical studies highlight the complex nature of regenerating this steroidogenic process and the problems remain unresolved. In summary, there appears to be two current directions for stem cell therapy in male primary hypogonadism. The first method involves differentiating adult Leydig cells from stem cells of various origins from bone marrow, adipose, or embryonic sources. The second method involves isolating, identifying, and transplanting stem Leydig cells into testicular tissue. Theoretically, in-vivo re-activation of SLCs in men with primary hypogonadism due to age would be another alternative method to treat hypogonadism while eliminating the need for transplantation. | Taylor C Peak Nora M Haney William Wang Kenneth J DeLay Wayne J Hellstrom | 2016 | World Journal of Stem Cells2016，8，10： | 5 |
| 2 | Neutrophil activation, antioxidant supplements and exerciseinduced oxidative stress 显示文摘 | Peake J Suzuki K | 2004 | EJcerc Immunol Rev2004，10，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Cardiac parasympa- thetic reactivation following exercise: Implications for training prescription显示文摘 | STANLY J PEAKE J M BUCHHEIT M | 2013 | Sports Med2013，43，： | 1 |
| 4 | Dissolved organic carbon and organic acids in coastal New Zealand rainwater显示文摘 | Kieber J R Peake B Willey D J | 2002 | Atmos Environ2002，36，21： | 1 |
| 5 | Retention rate of levetiracetam in children with intractable epilepsy at 1 year显示文摘 | Peake D Mordekar S Gosalakkal J | 2007 | Seizure2007，16，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Rotor-stator interaction noise in swirling flow:stator sweep and lean effects显示文摘 | Cooper A J Peake N | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 7 | Semiquantitative,bar code version of immunochromatographic assay system for human serum albumin as model analyte显示文摘 | Cho J H Peak S H | 2001 | Biotechnol Bioeng2001，75，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Hardware Implementations of Multi-layer Feed forward Neural Networks and Error Back propagation Using 8-bit PIC Microcontrollers显示文摘 | Tang J Varley M R Peak M S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Development of rapid one-step immunochromatographic assay显示文摘 | PEAK S H LEE S H CHO J H | 2000 | Methods2000，22，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Pharmacokinetics of ginseng saponin rnetabolite compomd K in rats显示文摘 | PEAK I B MOON Y KIM J | 2006 | Biolmn Drug Dispos2006，27，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Sources of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stormwater runoff显示文摘 | BROWN J N PEAKE B M | 2006 | Science of the Total Environment2006，359，： | 1 |
| 12 | Kinetics of lead absorption/desorption on goethite residence time effect显示文摘 | EiCk M J Peak J D Brady P V | 1999 | Soil Science1999，164，： | 1 |
| 13 | Small business incubators phases of development and the management challenge 显示文摘 | Alien D Gorham J Peake T | 1987 | Economic Development Commentary1987，2，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Sources of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stormwater runoff显示文摘 | Brown J N Peake B M | 2006 | Science of the Total Environment2006，359，： | 1 |
| 15 | Locomotory behaviour and post-exercise physiology in relation to swimming speed, gait transition and metabolism in free-swimming smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) 显示文摘 | Peake S J Farrell A P | 2004 | Journal of Experimental Biology2004，207，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Exercise-induced Alterations in Neutrophil Degranulation and Respiratory Burst Activity:Possible Mechanisms of Action显示文摘 | Peake J M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Sources of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stormwater runoff显示文摘 | Brown J N Peake B M | 2006 | Science of the Total Environment2006，359，13： | 1 |
| 18 | Changes in markers of muscle damage , inflammation and HSP70 after an Ironman Triathlon race显示文摘 | Suzuki K Peake J Nosaka K | 2006 | Eur J Appl Physiol2006，98，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Free-radi- cal-induced oxidative and reductive degradation of N, N'-di- ethyl m-toluamide (DEET) : kinetic studies and degradation pathway显示文摘 | SONG Weihua COOPER W J PEAKE B M | 2009 | Water Research2009，43，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Levels of matrix metalloproteinase MMP1 in paired sera and synovial fluids of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients :Telationship to inflammatory activity, MMP3 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases - 1 in a longitudinal study 显示文摘 | Peake N J Cawston TE Rowan AD | 2005 | Rheumatology Oxford2005，44，11： | 1 |
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