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| 1 | Chronic hepatitis C:Treat or wait? Medical decision making in clinical practice显示文摘AIM:To analyzes the decision whether patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are treated or not.METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 7658 untreated patients and 6341 patients receiving pegylated interferon α2 a/ribavirin,involving 434 physicians/institutions throughout Germany (377 in private practice and 57 in hospital settings).A structured questionnaire had to be answered prior to the treatment decision,which included demographic data,information about the personal life situation of the patients,anamnesis and symptomatology of hepatitis C,virological data,laboratory data and data on concomitant diseases.A second part of the study analyzes patients treated with pegylated interferon α2a.All questionnaires included reasons against treatment mentioned by the physician.RESULTS:Overall treatment uptake was 45%.By multivariate analysis,genotype 1/4/5/6,HCV-RNA ≤ 520 000 IU/mL,normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT),platelets ≤ 142 500/μL,age > 56 years,female gender,infection length > 12.5 years,concomitant diseases,human immunodeficiency virus co-infection,liver biopsy not performed,care in private practice,asymptomatic disease,and unemployment were factors associated with reduced treatment rate.Treatment and sustained viral response rates in migrants (1/3 of cohort) were higher than in German natives although 1/3 of migrants had language problems.Treatment rate and liver biopsy were higher in clinical settings when compared to private practice and were low when ALT and HCV-RNA were low.CONCLUSION:Some reasons against treatment were medically based whereas others were related to fears,socio-economical problems,and information deficits both on the side of physicians and patients. | Claus Niederau Dietrich Hüppe Elmar Zehnter Bernd Mller Renate Heyne Stefan Christensen Rainer Pfaff Arno Theilmeier Ulrich Alshuth Stefan Mauss | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，12： | 2 |
| 2 | Can the full range of paramedic skills improve survival from out of hospital cardiac arrests? 显示文摘 | Mitchell R G Guly U M Rainer T H | 1997 | J Accid Emerg Med1997，14，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Comparison of 4 methods for quantifying posterior capsule opacification显示文摘 | Findl O Buehl W Menapace R Georgopoulos M Rainer G Siegl H | 2003 | JCataract Refract Surg2003，29，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Stimulation of TNF receptor type 2 expands regulatory T cells and ameliorates established collagen-induced arthritis in mice显示文摘Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)and its receptors TNF receptor type 1(TNFR1)and type 2(TNFR2)have a central role in chronic inflammatory diseases.While TNFR1 mainly confers inflammation,activation of TNFR2 elicits not only pro-inflammatory but also anti-inflammatory effects.In this study,we wanted to investigate the anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential of selective activation of TNFR2 in mice with established collageninduced arthritis.Mice with established arthritis induced by immunization with bovine collagen type II were treated with six injections of the TNFR2-specific agonist TNCscTNF80,given every second day.Two days after treatment cessation,the cell compositions of bone marrow,spleen and lymph nodes were analyzed.Mice were visually scored until day 30 after the start of therapy and the degree of joint inflammation was determined by histology.Treatment with TNCscTNF80 increased arthritis-induced myelopoiesis.Little effect was seen on the infiltration rate of inflammatory immature myeloid cells and on the reduction of lymphoid cells in secondary lymphoid organs.Upon treatment,frequency of regulatory T(Treg)cells in the CD4+T-cell population was increased in both spleen and inguinal lymph nodes.In addition,the expression of TNFR2 on Treg cells was enhanced.The clinical score started to improve 1 week after cessation treatment and remained lower 30 days after initiation of therapy.The histological score also revealed amelioration of joint inflammation in TNCscTNF80-treated versus control mice.Activation of TNFR2 might provide a suitable therapeutic strategy in autoimmune arthritis by increasing the numbers of regulatory cell types,in particular Treg cells,and by attenuation of arthritis. | Vanessa Lamontain Tobias Schmid Dorothea Weber-Steffens David Zeller Zsuzsa Jenei-Lanzl Harald Wajant Rainer H Straub Daniela N Männel | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Lipid nanoparticles(SLN,NLC)in cosmetic and pharmaceutical dermal products显示文摘 | Jana P Aiman H Rainer H M | 2008 | International Journal of Pharmaceutics2008，366，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Nanostructured lipid carriers(NLC)in cosmetic dermal products显示文摘 | Rainer H M Aiman H Jana P | 2007 | Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews2007，59，6： | 1 |
| 7 | EDTA is a better anticoagulant than heparin or citrate for delayed blood processing for plasma DNA analysis显示文摘 | Lam N Y Rainer T H Chiu R W Lo Y M | 2004 | Clin Chem2004，50，： | 1 |
| 8 | Challenges and solutions for the delivery of biotech drugs - a review of drug nanocrystal technology and lipid nanoparticles 显示文摘 | Rainer H Muller Cornelia M Keck | 2004 | J Biotechnol2004，113，13： | 1 |
| 9 | Therapeutic results with cerebrolysin in the treatment of dementia显示文摘 | Rainer M Brunnbauer M Dunky A Dunky A Ender F Goldsteiner H | 1997 | Wien Med Wschr1997，147，： | 1 |
| 10 | Plasma DNA as a prognostic marker in trauma patients显示文摘 | Lo Y M Rainer T H Chan L Y | 2000 | Clin Chem2000，46，3： | 1 |
| 11 | High-dose rosuvastatin in chronic heart failure promotes vasculogenesis, corrects endothelial function, and improves cardiac remodeling — Results from a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study显示文摘 | Sandra Erbs Ephraim B. Beck Axel Linke Volker Adams Stephan Gielen Nicolle Kr?nkel Sven M?bius-Winkler Robert H?llriegel Holger Thiele Rainer Hambrecht Gerhard Schuler | 2010 | International Journal of Cardiology2010，，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Determination of morphine and 6-acetylmorphine in blood with use of dried blood spots 显示文摘 | Regine G B Joerg H Rainer M | 2008 | Therapeutic Drug Monitorin2008，30，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Cognitive relapse after discontinuation of drug therapy in Alzheimer's disease:cholinesterase inhibitors versus no tropics显示文摘 | Rainer M Mucke H A Rainer C | 2001 | J Neural Transm2001，108，13： | 1 |
| 14 | Structural characterization of amorphous hydrogenated-carbon nitride (αH-CNx) film deposited by CH4/N2 dielectric barrier discharge plasma:13C,1H solid state NMR,FTIR and elemental analysis显示文摘 | ABHIJIT M GUDRUN S RAINER H | 2009 | Surface and Coatings Technology2009，203，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Challenges and solutions for the delivery of biotech drugs a review of drug nanocrystal technology and lipid nanoparticles显示文摘 | RAINER H M CORNELIA M K | 2004 | J Biotechnol2004，113，： | 1 |
| 16 | 查看详情显示文摘 | C R Wolfe M R Kozlowski J H Campbell F Rainer A J Morgan R P Gonzales | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Food-derived peptides with biological activity: from research to food applications显示文摘 | Rainer H Hans M | 2007 | Current Opinion in Biotechnology2007，18，： | 1 |
| 18 | Challenges and solutions for the delivery of biotech drugs-a review of drug nanocrystal technology and lipid nanoparticles 显示文摘 | Rainer H M Cornelia M K | 2004 | Journal of Biotechnology2004，113，： | 1 |
| 19 | Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates obtained from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals living in Switzerland,Kenya,and the United States显示文摘 | Morgan U M Rainer W Xiao L H | 2000 | Journal of Clinical Microbiology2000，38，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Plasma DNA as a prognostic marker in trauma patients显示文摘 | Lo Y M D Rainer T H Chan L Y S | 2000 | Clin Chem2000，46，3： | 1 |
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