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| 1 | Carbon pools and fluxes in the China Seas and adjacent oceans显示文摘The China Seas include the South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, and Bohai Sea. Located off the Northwestern Pacific margin, covering 4700000 km^2 from tropical to northern temperate zones, and including a variety of continental margins/basins and depths, the China Seas provide typical cases for carbon budget studies. The South China Sea being a deep basin and part of the Western Pacific Warm Pool is characterized by oceanic features; the East China Sea with a wide continental shelf, enormous terrestrial discharges and open margins to the West Pacific, is featured by strong cross-shelf materials transport; the Yellow Sea is featured by the confluence of cold and warm waters; and the Bohai Sea is a shallow semiclosed gulf with strong impacts of human activities. Three large rivers, the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Pearl River, flow into the East China Sea, the Bohai Sea, and the South China Sea, respectively. The Kuroshio Current at the outer margin of the Chinese continental shelf is one of the two major western boundary currents of the world oceans and its strength and position directly affect the regional climate of China. These characteristics make the China Seas a typical case of marginal seas to study carbon storage and fluxes. This paper systematically analyzes the literature data on the carbon pools and fluxes of the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, including different interfaces(land-sea, sea-air, sediment-water, and marginal sea-open ocean) and different ecosystems(mangroves, wetland, seagrass beds, macroalgae mariculture, coral reefs, euphotic zones, and water column). Among the four seas, the Bohai Sea and South China Sea are acting as CO_2 sources, releasing about0.22 and 13.86–33.60 Tg C yr^(-1) into the atmosphere, respectively, whereas the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are acting as carbon sinks, absorbing about 1.15 and 6.92–23.30 Tg C yr^(-1) of atmospheric CO_2, respectively. Overall, if only the CO_2 exchange at the sea-air interface is considered, the Chinese marginal seas appear to be a source of atmospheric CO_2, with a net release of 6.01–9.33 Tg C yr^(-1), mainly from the inputs of rivers and adjacent oceans. The riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) input into the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 5.04, 14.60, and 40.14 Tg C yr^(-1),respectively. The DIC input from adjacent oceans is as high as 144.81 Tg C yr^(-1), significantly exceeding the carbon released from the seas to the atmosphere. In terms of output, the depositional fluxes of organic carbon in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 2.00, 3.60, 7.40, and 5.92 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The fluxes of organic carbon from the East China Sea and South China Sea to the adjacent oceans are 15.25–36.70 and 43.93 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The annual carbon storage of mangroves, wetlands, and seagrass in Chinese coastal waters is 0.36–1.75 Tg C yr^(-1), with a dissolved organic carbon(DOC) output from seagrass beds of up to 0.59 Tg C yr^(-1). Removable organic carbon flux by Chinese macroalgae mariculture account for 0.68 Tg C yr^(-1) and the associated POC depositional and DOC releasing fluxes are 0.14 and 0.82 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. Thus, in total, the annual output of organic carbon, which is mainly DOC, in the China Seas is 81.72–104.56 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the East China Sea to the adjacent oceans is 15.00–35.00 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the South China Sea is 31.39 Tg C yr^(-1). Although the marginal China Seas seem to be a source of atmospheric CO_2 based on the CO_2 flux at the sea-air interface, the combined effects of the riverine input in the area, oceanic input, depositional export,and microbial carbon pump(DOC conversion and output) indicate that the China Seas represent an important carbon storage area. | Nianzhi JIAO Yantao LIANG Yongyu ZHANG Jihua LIU Yao ZHANG Rui ZHANG Meixun ZHAO Minhan DAI Weidong ZHAI Kunshan GAO Jinming SONG Dongliang YUAN Chao LI Guanghui LIN Xiaoping HUANG Hongqiang YAN Limin HU Zenghu ZHANG Long WANG Chunjie CAO Yawei LUO Tingwei LUO Nannan WANG Hongyue DANG Dongxiao WANG Si ZHANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，11： | 12 |
| 2 | Multiscale carbon foam confining single iron atoms for efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO显示文摘Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO is a sustainable process for energy conversion.However,this process is still hindered by the diffusi limited mass transfer,low electrical conductivity and catalytic activity.Therefore,new strategies for catalyst design should be adopted to solve these problems and improve the electrocatalytic performa nee for CO production.Herein,we report a multiscale carb on foam confining〔single iron atoms prepared with the assistant of S1O2 template.The pore-enriched environment at the macro-scale facilitates the diffusion of reacta nts and products.The graphe ne nano sheets at the nano-scale promote the charge tran sfer duri ng the reaction.The single iron atoms con fined in carb on matrix at the atomic-scale provide the active sites for electrocatalytic CO2 reductio n to CO.The optimized catalyst achieves a CO Faradaic efficiency of 94.9%at a moderate potential of-0.5 V vs.RHE.Furthermore,the performance can be maintained over 60 hours due to the stable single iron atoms coordi nated with four n itroge n atoms in the carb on matrix.This work provides a promising strategy to improve both the activity and stability of single atom catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO. | Zheng Zhang Chao Ma Yunchuan Tu Rui Si Jie Wei Shuhong Zhang Zhen Wang Jian-Feng Li Ye Wang Dehui Deng | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，9： | 11 |
| 3 | Estimating survival benefit of adjuvant therapy based on a Bayesian network prediction model in curatively resected advanced gallbladder adenocarcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND The factors affecting the prognosis and role of adjuvant therapy in advanced gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)after curative resection remain unclear.AIM To provide a survival prediction model to patients with GBC as well as to identify the role of adjuvant therapy.METHODS Patients with curatively resected advanced gallbladder adenocarcinoma(T3 and T4)were selected from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database between 2004 and 2015.A survival prediction model based on Bayesian network(BN)was constructed using the tree-augmented na?ve Bayes algorithm,and composite importance measures were applied to rank the influence of factors on survival.The dataset was divided into a training dataset to establish the BN model and a testing dataset to test the model randomly at a ratio of 7:3.The confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the model accuracy.RESULTS A total of 818 patients met the inclusion criteria.The median survival time was 9.0 mo.The accuracy of BN model was 69.67%,and the area under the curve value for the testing dataset was 77.72%.Adjuvant radiation,adjuvant chemotherapy(CTx),T stage,scope of regional lymph node surgery,and radiation sequence were ranked as the top five prognostic factors.A survival prediction table was established based on T stage,N stage,adjuvant radiotherapy(XRT),and CTx.The distribution of the survival time(>9.0 mo)was affected by different treatments with the order of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(cXRT)>adjuvant radiation>adjuvant chemotherapy>surgery alone.For patients with node-positive disease,the larger benefit predicted by the model is adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.The survival analysis showed that there was a significant difference among the different adjuvant therapy groups(log rank,surgery alone vs CTx,P<0.001;surgery alone vs XRT,P=0.014;surgery alone vs cXRT,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The BN-based survival prediction model can be used as a decision-making support tool for advanced GBC patients.Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is expected to improve the survival significantly for patients with node-positive disease. | Zhi-Min Geng Zhi-Qiang Cai Zhen Zhang Zhao-Hui Tang Feng Xue Chen Chen Dong Zhang Qi Li Rui Zhang Wen-Zhi Li Lin Wang Shu-Bin Si | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，37： | 9 |
| 4 | Switchable C02 electroreduction via engineering active phases of Pd nanoparticles显示文摘活跃阶段的工程定期被利用在异构的催化作用调节金属 nanoparticles (NP ) 的选择。然而,在 electrocatalysis 的活跃阶段的理解的缺乏为公司 2 electroreduction 妨碍了有效催化剂的发展。此处,我们报导 Pd NP 的活跃阶段的系统的工程,它被利用为公司 2 electroreduction 选择反应小径。在 situ X光检查吸收光谱学,在稀释的 situ 总计思考红外线的光谱学,并且密度功能的理论计算建议吸附氢的 Pd 的形成出现在混合物上-并且一个钯氢化物核心的阶段(在 0.2 V 上面的+ PdH x @PdH x )(对一个可逆的氢电极)经由 HCOO 便于甲酸盐生产*中间,而阶段 Pd 氢化物核心上的金属性的 Pd 表面的形成( PdH x @主要产品,是甲酸盐或公司,能有选择地与高 Faradaic 效率被生产(>90%) 并且在有可伸缩的申请的 0.05 ~ 0.9 V 的潜在的窗户中的集体活动示范。 | Dunfeng Gao Hu Zhou Fan Cai Dongniu Wang Yongfeng Hu Bei Jiang Wen-Bin Cai Xiaoqi Chen Rui Si Fan Yang Shu Miao Jianguo Wang Guoxiong wang Xinhe Bao | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，6： | 8 |
| 5 | Transition metal nanoparticles supported La-promoted MgO as catalysts for hydrogen production via catalytic decomposition of ammonia显示文摘The uniformly dispersed transition metal(Co, Ni and Fe) nanoparticles supported on the surface of La-promoted Mg O were prepared via a deposition-precipitation method for hydrogen production from catalytic decomposition of ammonia. X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption, transmission electron microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction and temperature-programmed desorption were used to investigate the structure-activity relation of catalysts in NH3 decomposition. The results show that the strong interaction between active species and support can effectively prevent the active species from agglomerating during ammonia decomposition reaction. In addition, the introduction of La species not only facilitates the adsorption and decomposition of NH3 and desorption of N2, but also benefits the better dispersion of the active species. The prepared catalysts showed very high catalytic activity for ammonia decomposition compared with the same active composition samples that reported previously. Meanwhile, the catalysts showed excellent high-temperature stability and no any deactivation was observed, which are very promising candidates for the decomposition of ammonia to hydrogen. | Xiu-Cui Hu Wei-Wei Wang Zhao Jin Xu Wang Rui Si Chun-Jiang Jia | 2019 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2019，28，11： | 8 |
| 6 | Association of Overlapped and Un-overlapped Comorbidities with COVID-19 Severity and Treatment Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study from Nine Provinces in China显示文摘Objective Several COVID-19 patients have overlapping comorbidities. The independent role of each component contributing to the risk of COVID-19 is unknown, and how some non-cardiometabolic comorbidities affect the risk of COVID-19 remains unclear.Methods A retrospective follow-up design was adopted. A total of 1,160 laboratory-confirmed patients were enrolled from nine provinces in China. Data on comorbidities were obtained from the patients’ medical records. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(95% CI) of the associations between comorbidities(cardiometabolic or non-cardiometabolic diseases), clinical severity, and treatment outcomes of COVID-19.Results Overall, 158(13.6%) patients were diagnosed with severe illness and 32(2.7%) had unfavorable outcomes. Hypertension(2.87, 1.30–6.32), type 2 diabetes(T2 DM)(3.57, 2.32–5.49),cardiovascular disease(CVD)(3.78, 1.81–7.89), fatty liver disease(7.53, 1.96–28.96), hyperlipidemia(2.15, 1.26–3.67), other lung diseases(6.00, 3.01–11.96), and electrolyte imbalance(10.40, 3.00–26.10)were independently linked to increased odds of being severely ill. T2 DM(6.07, 2.89–12.75), CVD(8.47,6.03–11.89), and electrolyte imbalance(19.44, 11.47–32.96) were also strong predictors of unfavorable outcomes. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease on admission(5.46,3.25–9.19), while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes(6.58, 1.46–29.64) within two weeks.Conclusion Besides hypertension, diabetes, and CVD, fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, other lung diseases, and electrolyte imbalance were independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity and poor treatment outcome. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease, while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes. | MA Yan ZHU Dong Shan CHEN Ren Bo SHI Nan Nan LIU Si Hong FAN Yi Pin WU Gui Hui YANG Pu Ye BAI Jiang Feng CHEN Hong CHEN Li Ying FENG Qiao GUO Tuan Mao HOU Yong HU Gui Fen HU Xiao Mei HU Yun Hong HUANG Jin HUANG Qiu Hua HUANG Shao Zhen JI Liang JIN Hai Hao LEI Xiao LI Chun Yan LI Min Qing LI Qun Tang LI Xian Yong LIU Hong De LIU Jin Ping LIU Zhang MA Yu Ting MAO Ya MO Liu Fen NA Hui WANG Jing Wei SONG Fang Li SUN Sheng WANG Dong Ting WANG Ming Xuan WANG Xiao Yan WANG Yin Zhen WANG Yu Dong WU Wei WU Lan Ping XIAO Yan Hua XIE Hai Jun XU Hong Ming XU Shou Fang XUE Rui Xia YANG Chun YANG Kai Jun YUAN Sheng Li ZHANG Gong Qi ZHANG Jin Bo ZHANG Lin Song ZHAO Shu Sen ZHAO Wan Ying ZHENG Kai ZHOU Ying Chun ZHU Jun Teng ZHU Tian Qing ZHANG Hua Min WANG Yan Ping WANG Yong Yan 无 | 2020 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2020，33，12： | 8 |
| 7 | The RNA-binding protein QKI5 regulates primary miR-124-1 processing via a distal RNA motif during erythropoiesis显示文摘 | Fang Wang Wei Song Hongmei Zhao Yanni Ma Yuxia Li Di Zhai Jingnan Pi Yanmin Si Jiayue Xu Lei Dong Rui Su Mengmeng Zhang Yong Zhu Xiaoxia Ren Fei Miao Wenjie Liu Feng Li Junwu Zhang Aibin He Ge Shan Jingyi Hui Linfang Wang Jia Yu | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，3： | 7 |
| 8 | Evaluation of GNSS Signal-in-Space Continuity:A Weibull-Distribution-Based Method显示文摘Signal-in-space(SIS) continuity is an important performance index of Global navigation satellite system(GNSS). However, the studies on the continuity of GNSS SIS are limited both at home and abroad, and are mainly based on the exponential distribution method. We first employ this method to analyze SIS failures of GPS and BDS, finding that this method is not flexile when describing the characteristic of GNSS SIS failures and the fitting characteristic of this method is not well. Therefore, we propose a method based on Weibull distribution to evaluate the performance of GNSS SIS continuity. Our method is compared with the models of exponential distribution, normal distribution, and Gamma distribution regarding the fitting characteristics of the interruption time interval of GPS SIS, the critical parameter of continuity. Results show that the fitting characteristic of the Weibull-distributionbased method is the best and can be used in various forms to describe reliability problem. Then our method is used to evalute the SIS continuity of BDS and GLONASS and its effectiveness and rationality are validated again. The contributions of our study lie in the development of a practical method for evaluating GNSS SIS continuity and a reference for GNSS performance. | LI Rui ZHENG Shuaiyong WANG Zhipeng TANG Yang SUN Si HUANG Zhigang | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Electronics2018，27，3： | 6 |
| 9 | Modulation of expression of P16 and Her2 in rat breast tissues of mammary hyperplasia model by external use of Rupifang Extract显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Rupifang Extract in external use on expression of proto-oncogenes her2 and tumor suppression genes p16 in rat breast tissues of mammary hyperplasia model.To explore the mechanisms of Rupifang Extract in external use for preventing and treating mammary hyperplasia.METHODS:Thirty virginal female Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups,6 in each,A:blank control group;B:model group;C:the low dose group of Rupifang;D:the middle dose group of Rupifang;and E:The high dose group of Rupifang.The mammary hyperplasia rat models were produced by injecting estradiol benzoate and progesterone and irritating by tail nipping.Drug intervention was also launched during the model formation.After 30 days,the expression of her2 and p16 in breast tissues of rats in each group were detected by the SP immunohistochemical method.RESULTS:Compared with Blank control group,the expression of her2 in breast tissues in Model group was higher,and the expression of p16 was lower(P<0.05 or P<0.01).After intervention with Rupifang Extract,compared with Model group,the expression of her2 in breast tissues in Rupifang groups was lower,and the expression of p16 higher(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The mechanisms of Rupifang Extract in external application for preventing and treating mammary hyperplasia may be reducing the expression of proto-oncogenes her2 and increasing the expression of tumor suppression genes p16. | Guijuan Zhang Dehui Li Hui Guo Rui Liao Bizhu Tan Suyi Zhang Yubin Liu Min Ma Xiaoting Zeng Zhuolong Peng Si Huang Yinghui Zheng Yi Ma | 2012 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2012，32，4： | 6 |
| 10 | Facile synthesis of Au embedded CuOx-CeO2 core/shell nanospheres as highly reactive and sinter-resistant catalysts for catalytic hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol显示文摘Exploring cost-effective catalysts with high catalytic performance and long-term stability has always been a general concern for environment protection and energy conversion.Here,Au nanoparticles(NPs)embedded CuOx-CeO2 core/shell nanospheres(Au@CuOx-CeO2 CSNs)have been successfully prepared through a versatile one-pot method at ambient conditions.The spontaneous auto-redox reaction between HAuCl4 and Ce(OH)3 in aqueous solution triggered the self-assembly growth of micro-/nanostructural Au@CuOx-CeO2 CSNs.Meanwhile,the CuOx clusters in Au@CuOx-CeO2 CSNs are capable of improving the anti-sintering ability of Au NPs and providing synergistic catalysis benefits.As a result,the confined Au NPs exhibited extraordinary thermal stability even at a harsh thermal condition up to 700℃.In addition,before and after the severe calcination process,Au@CuOx-CeO2 CSNs can exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and excellent recyclability towards the hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol compared to previously reported nanocatalysts.The synergistic catalysis path between Au/CuOx/CeO2 triphasic interfaces was revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The CuOx clusters around the embedded Au NPs can provide moderate adsorption strength of p-nitrophenol,while the adjacent CeO2-supported Au NPs can facilitate the hydrogen dissociation to form H*species,which contributes to achieve the efficient reduction of p-nitrophenol.This study opens up new possibilities for developing high-efficient and sintering-resistant micro-/nanostructural nanocatalysts by exploiting multiphasic systems. | Ke Wu Xin-Yu Wang Ling-Ling Guo Yue-Jiao Xu Liang Zhou Ze-Yu Lyu Kang-Yu Liu Rui Si Ya-Wen Zhang Ling-Dong Sun Chun-Hua Yan | 2020 | Nano Research2020，13，8： | 6 |
| 11 | Effect of tungsten oxide on ceria nanorods to support copper species as CO oxidation catalysts显示文摘In this work,tungsten oxide with different concentrations(0,0.4 at%,2.0 at%and 3.2 at%)was introduced to the ceria nanorods via a deposition-precipitation(DP)approach,and copper species of ca.10 at%were sequentially anchored onto the modified ceria support by a similar DP route.The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the amount of tungsten oxide(0,0.4 at%,2.0 at%,and 3.2 at%)modifier on the copper-ceria catalysts for CO oxidation reaction and shed light on the structure-activity relationship.By the aids of multiple characterization techniques including N2 adsorption,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS),and temperature-programmed reduction by hydrogen(H2-TPR)in combination with the catalytic performance for CO oxidation reaction,it is found that the copper-ceria samples maintain the crystal structure of the fluorite fcc CeO2 phase with the same nanorod-like morphology with the introduction of tungsten oxide,while the textural properties(the surface area,pore volume and pore size)of ceria support and copper-ceria catalysts are changed,and the oxidation states of copper and tungsten are kept the same as Cu2+and W6+before and after the reaction,but the introduction of tungsten oxide(WO3)significantly changes the metal-support interaction(transfer the CuOx clusters to Cu-[Ox]-Ce species),which delivers to impair the catalytic activity of copper-ceria catalysts for CO oxidation reaction. | Yu'nan Li Lin Gan Rui Si | 2021 | Journal of Rare Earths2021，39，1： | 5 |
| 12 | Copper-ceria sheets catalysts: Effect of copper species on catalytic activity in CO oxidation reaction显示文摘Copper-ceria sheets catalysts with different loadings of copper(2 wt.%, 5 wt.% and 10 wt.%) supported on ceria nanosheets were synthesized via a depositioneprecipitation(DP) method. The prepared catalysts were systematically characterized with various structural and textural detections including X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectra, transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS), and temperature-programmed reduction by hydrogen(H_2-TPR), and tested for the CO oxidation reaction. Notably, the sample containing 5 wt.% of Cu exhibited the best catalytic performance as a result of the highest number of active CuO species on the catalyst surface. Further increase of copper content strongly affects the dispersion of copper and thus leads to the formation of less active bulk CuO phase, which was verified by XRD and H_2-TPR analysis. Moreover, on the basis of in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS) results, the surface Cu^+ species, which are derived from the reduction of Cu^(2+), are likely to play a crucial role in the catalyzing CO oxidation.Consequently, the superior catalytic performance of the copper-ceria sheets is mainly attributed to the highly dispersed CuO_x cluster rather than Cu-[O_x]-Ce structure, while the bulk CuO phase is adverse to the catalytic activity of CO oxidation. | Linying Du Weiwei Wang Han Yan Xu Wang Zhao Jin Qisheng Song Rui Si Chunjiang Jia | 2017 | Journal of Rare Earths2017，35，12： | 5 |
| 13 | One-Step High-Temperature-Synthesized Single-Atom Platinum Catalyst for Efficient Selective Hydrogenation显示文摘Although single-atom catalysts significantly improve the atom utilization efficiency,the multistep preparation procedures are complicated and difficult to control.Herein,we demonstrate that one-step in situ synthesis of the single-atom Pt anchored in single-crystal MoC(Pt_(1)/MoC)by using facile and controllable arc-discharge strategy under extreme conditions.The high temperature(up to 4000℃)provides the sufficient energy for atom dispersion and overall stability by forming thermodynamically favourable metal-support interactions.The high-temperature-stabilized Pt1/MoC exhibits outstanding performance and excellent thermal stability as durable catalyst for selective quinoline hydrogenation.The initial turnover frequency of 3710 h^(-1)is greater than those of previously reported samples by an order of magnitude under 2 MPa H_(2)at 100℃.The catalyst also shows broad scope activity toward hydrogenation containing unsaturated groups of C=C,C=N,and C=O.The facile,one-step,and fast arc-discharge method provides an effective avenue for single-atom catalyst fabrication that is conventionally challenging. | Qingyuan Bi Xiaotao Yuan Yue Lu Dong Wang Jian Huang Rui Si Manling Sui Fuqiang Huang | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 5 |
| 14 | Highway constructions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Challenge,research and practice显示文摘Highway constructions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)face great challenges induced by the unique local environmental,geological,and engineering conditions.The large area of permafrost,great temperature variability,strong UV rays,and complex geological conditions are the major factors that adversely influence the longterm performance of pavement systems.Since 1960s,Chinese engineers and researchers have started conducting research on the QTP to enhance the performance and durability of pavement systems.The present paper provide a comprehensive review of challenge,research and practice of highway constructions on the QTP including the special environmental and geological conditions,history of highway constructions on the QTP,major challenges and the state-of-the-art technology of subgrade constructions on permafrost,developments of the pavement structures and materials,performance prediction and maintenance methods of pavement surfaces,and applications of the research achievements on the first expressway on the QTP(i.e.,Gongyu Expressway).Based on the comprehensive literature review,it can be found that(1)frost heave and thaw weakening induced subgrade disease and longitudinal cracks on the pavement surface are complex coupled water-thermal-load problems.Engineering solutions are focusing on active cooling and thermal insulation methods,which can help to reduce temperature variations in the subgrade and thus improving its stability,(2)the harsh environmental and construction conditions may reduce the early strength and induce premature damage of cement-treated base materials.Some field validations showed that geocell-reinforced or asphalt-treated flexible base materials can provide better long-term performance,(3)the large temperature variability and strong UV rays can significantly accelerate aging of asphalt binders and greatly reduce the service life of asphalt mixtures.Various binder modification methods were developed for improving their viscoelasticity and enhance the low-temperature cracking resistance of pavement surface materials but are still lack of field validation data and comparisons of their life cycle costs.Therefore,it is recommended that a demonstration research project build test sections to examine a range of pavement structures and materials,and compare their long-term performance and life cycle costs,which can serve as important reference for future highway constructions on the QTP. | Aimin Sha Biao Ma Hainian Wang Liqun Hu Xuesong Mao Xilan Zhi Huaxin Chen Yu Liu Feng Ma Zhuangzhuang Liu Rui He Wei Si Xuhao Wang Cheng Li | 2022 | Journal of Road Engineering2022，2，1： | 4 |
| 15 | Tessellons, topography, and glaciations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has developed into a vast fortress-like structure that has recently presented a barrier limiting the egress of moisture-bearing air masses. Lower sea levels also affected the climate. This paper examines their effects on the current evidence for the timing of past glaciations, and the development and evolution of permafrost. There are two theories regarding glaciation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP). Kuhle suggested that there was a major, unified ice-cap during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM), whereas major Chinese glaciologists and others have not found or verified reliable evidence for this per se. There have been limited glaciations during the last 1.1 Ma B.P. but with increasing dominance of permafrost including both primary and secondary tessellons infilled with rock, sand or loess. The East Asia Monsoon was absent in this area during the main LGM, starting at >30 ka B.P. on the plateau, with sufficient precipitation reappearing about 19 ka B.P. to produce ice-wedges. A weak Megathermal event took place between 8.5 and 6.0 ka B.P., followed by Neoglacial events exhibiting peak cold at 5.3–4.7 ka, 3.1–1.5 ka, and the Little Ice Age(LIA) after 0.7 ka. Subsequently,mean annual air temperature has increased by 4 °C. | Stuart A.Harris Hui Jun Jin Rui Xia He Si Zhong Yang | 2018 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2018，10，3： | 3 |
| 16 | National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0–17 Years of Age in China显示文摘The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China(CNHSC)was to collect basic data on the nutrition,development,and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based,reliable,and cost-effective approaches.Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions(south,southwest,north,northwest,eastern,central,and northeast China)in China were recruited.A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used.Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions,from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled,resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts.Dietary surveys,health examinations,laboratory testing,and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake,nutritional status,child development,and health status information.Nutrition,health,and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice(KAP)survey.Greater than 100,000 children(38,000 children<6 years of age and 66,000 children6-17 years of age)completed the survey.The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China. | YANG Zhen Yu ZHANG Qian ZHAI Yi XU Tao WANG Yu Ying CHEN Bo Wen TANG Xue Jun YUAN Xiao Lin FANG Hong Yun ZHU Yan PANG Xue Hong WANG Shuo XU Juan LI Rui Li SI Xiang ZHAO Wen Hua | 2021 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2021，34，11： | 3 |
| 17 | Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Au(I) as singlet oxygen generator for enhanced tumor photodynamic and photothermal therapy显示文摘Diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)derivatived photosensitizers(PSs)with near infrared(NIR)absorption and good photophysical properties have drawn tremendous attention in cancer phototherapy.However,current DPP derivatives present unsatisfactory quantum yield of singlet oxygen(1O2)due to the large energy gap between the excited singlet and triplet states.To tackle this challenge,herein the DPP core is functionalized with triphenylphosphine-Au(I)group(Th DPP-Au),leading to a high1O2 quantum yield of 0.65.Theoretical calculation attributes the enhancement to spin-orbit coupling and population of the triplet excition upon photoexcitation.The hydrophilic Th DPP-Au nanoparticals(NPs)are prepared via nano-reprecipitation,which displays homogeneous size and excellent light absorption ability(ε=4.382×104 M-1cm-1).And the Th DPP-Au NPs exhibit low dark toxicity and high phototoxicity,which can effectively kill tumor cells via 1O2 induced mitochondrial apoptotic pathway upon irradiation.Furthermore,in vivo experiments demonstrate that Th DPP-Au NPs can selective accumulation in tumor and present excellent synergistic photodynamic/photothermal therapy guided by fluorescence and photothermal dual imaging. | Xiaoyu Huang Rui Gu Jiewei Li Nan Yang Zijin Chen Weili Si Peng Chen Wei Huang Xiaochen Dong | 2020 | Science China Chemistry2020，63，1： | 3 |
| 18 | Effects of Si alloying and T6 treatment on mechanical properties and wear resistance of ZA27 alloys显示文摘To improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of ZA27 alloy, Si was introduced to the alloy, and the effect of Si alloying and T6 heat treatment on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance was investigated. The results show that with 0.55% Si, the microstructure of the alloy can be refined effectively, which leads to the increase of hardness. But the tensile strength and elongation decrease because Si undermines the integrity of the matrix. On the other hand, the dendrites are transformed into a desired α+η+(α+η)mixture with T6 heat treatment, which introduces a remarkable increase to the elongation and hardness of the alloy. The wear resistance of the ZA27 alloy with Si alloying is significantly better than that of the ZA27 alloy without Si. With the increase of Si addition, the wear resistance of the alloy firstly increases and then decreases.In the alloy without Si alloying, severe plastic deformation and large delamination were observed on the worn surface of the alloy. However, with the increase of Si, the main wear mechanism transformed to abrasive wear gradually. In addition, the T6 treatment can further improve the wear resistance of the alloy with Si alloying. | Rui Zhang Guang-lei Liu Nai-chao Si Yu-yang Peng Hao Wan Ting Liu | 2016 | China Foundry2016，13，2： | 3 |
| 19 | Growth performance and rumen microorganism differ between segregated weaning lambs and grazing lambs显示文摘Two feeding patterns of the segregated weaning or grazing in the pasture are carried out worldwide in animal production.To investigate the difference of growth performance and rumen microorganism population related to methane metabolism in the two feeding patterns,three groups of lambs(70 in total)were used:Weaning at 21 days old and being subjected to high-concentration diets(3WK group with 20 lambs),weaning at 35 days old and being subjected to high-concentration diets(5WK group with 20 lambs),or grazing at pasture with the nursing mother(Grazing group with 30 lambs).The growth performance,pH value of rumen content,and the rumen microbes were investigated during weaning period and fattening period with approximately 3 months.Our results showed that lambs in 3WK and 5WK groups demonstrated a better growth performance than the lambs in Grazing group,but no significant difference was observed in the pH value between the three groups(P>0.05).The total rumen bacterial population of the Grazing lambs was significantly lower than that of3WK lambs(P<0.05)and 5WK lambs(P<0.05);however,the population of methanogens was 4.2-and 2.7-fold lower in the3WK(P<0.05)and 5WK(P<0.05)lambs compared with Grazing lambs,respectively;protozoa were also 3.5-and 3.4-fold lower in the 3WK(P<0.05)and 5WK(P<0.05)lambs,respectively.The results revealed that segregated weaning lambs may have better growth performance,and reduce methane-producing microbes. | JI Shou-kun JIANG Cheng-gang LI Rui DIAO Qi-yu TU Yan ZHANG Nai-feng SI Bing-wen | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2016，15，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Construction of a DNA library from chromosome 4 of rice(Oryza sativa)by microdissection显示文摘A simple method to create a chromosome-specific DNA library of rice, including microdissection, amplification,characterization and cloning, is described. Rice chromosome 4 from a metaphase cell has been isolated and amplified by the Linker Adapter PCR (LA-PCR). The PCR products were labeled as probes with DIG-11-dUTP using the random priming method.Southern blot analysis with rice genomic DNA and specific RFLP markers demonstrated that the PCR products were derived from rice chromosome 4. A large library comprising over 100,000recombinant plasmid microclones from rice chromosome 4was constructed. Colony hybridization showed that 58% of the clones contained single or low-copy sequences and 42%contained repetitive sequences. The size of inserts generated by PCR ranged from 140bp to 500bp.This method will facilitate cloning of the specific chromosome DNA markers and important genes of rice. | MAO YING WEI SI YUAN LIANG WEN QIN SONG XIU LAN LI RUI YANG CHEN (Biology Department, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,China) | 1998 | Cell Research1998，8，4： | 2 |
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