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| 1 | In-vitro Androgenesis in Rice: Advantages, Constraints and Future Prospects显示文摘In vitro androgenesis is an important component of plant biotechnology when the pollen grains are forced to switch from their normal pollen developmental pathway towards an embryogenic route. Haploid and doubled haploid produced through androgenesis have long been recognized as a valuable tool in plant breeding as it can shorten the breeding cycle, fix agronomic characters in homozygous state and enhance the selection efficiency of useful recessive agronomic traits. Recently, doubled haploids have been largely recognized as an important component of crop improvement through genome mapping, quantitative trait locus analysis, and genetic mutation, and as targets for genetic transformation programs. Thus, this review is focused mainly on various facets of doubled haploid in the chief staple food crop rice and sights its recent applications in plant breeding, genetics and genomics. | Rukmini MISHRA Gundimeda Jwala Narashima RAO | 2016 | Rice science2016，23，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Engineering Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Bacterial Blight by CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Precise Homology Directed Repair in Rice显示文摘Dear Editor,Rice(Oryza sativa)is one of the most important food crops as well as a model plant for basic research.Rice bacterial blight(BB)caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)is a devastating bacterial disease worldwide(Mew et al.,1993),affecting millions of hectares of rice annually,with an estimated crop loss of as high as 75%.Upon invasion of rice cells,Xoo secretes transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs)to activate the host Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters(SWEET)genes to obtain nutrition for bacterial growth,because the induced SWEET transports more sugars to where the bacteria reside(Boch and Bonas,2010). | Zheng Wei Mohamed Abdelrahman Ying Gao Zhiyuan Ji Rukmini Mishra Hongda Sun Yi Sui Chuanyin Wu Chunlian Wang Kaijun Zhao | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，8： | 3 |
| 3 | Development and Characterization of Elite Doubled Haploid Lines from Two Indica Rice Hybrids显示文摘Despite significant yield advantage over inbred rice, the adoption rate of hybrid rice in India is very low due to the high seed cost and poor quality of the produce. To alleviate the problem, we initiated a doubled haploid(DH) breeding approach to develop new lines from two elite indica rice hybrids(CRHR5 and CRHR7) through rapid fixation of homozygosity in the recombinants. In vitro culture of the rice anthers resulted in 243 and 186 fertile DH lines of CRHR5 and CRHR7, respectively. Flow cytometric and pollen fertility analyses confirmed the DH ploidy status of the regenerations. Morpho-agronomic evaluation revealed 100% uniformity and stability for all the characters in the DH lines of both hybrids. Nineteen promising DH lines of each hybrid were advanced to A2 generation for yield evaluation. The yield levels of the DH lines ranged from 5 097–6 965 kg/hm2 for CRHR5 and 5 141–7 235 kg/hm2 for CRHR7, which were at par or higher than the parental hybrids. Physico-chemical characterization and cooking quality analyses revealed significant and acceptable values for grain length and width, alkali spreading value, amylose content and water uptake ratio of the selected DH lines. Three DH lines, CR5-10, CR5-49, CR5-61 from CRHR5, and four DH lines, CR7-5, CR7-7, CR7-12 and CR7-52 from CRHR7, showed significant grain yield and quality characteristics and have been recommended for multi-location trials for subsequent release as new indica doubled haploid rice varieties. | Rukmini MISHRA Gundimeda Jwala Narashima RAO Ravi Nageswara RAO Pankaj KAUSHAL | 2015 | Rice science2015，22，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Genome Editing Strategies Towards Enhancement of Rice Disease Resistance显示文摘The emerging pests and phytopathogens have reduced the crop yield and quality, which hasthreatened the global food security. Traditional breeding methods, molecular marker-based breedingapproaches and use of genetically modified crops have played a crucial role in strengthening the foodsecurity worldwide. However, their usages in crop improvement have been highly limited due to multiplecaveats. Genome editing tools like transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases and clustered regularlyinterspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) haveeffectively overcome limitations of the conventional breeding methods and are being widely accepted forimprovement of crops. Among the genome editing tools, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as themost powerful tool of genome editing because of its efficiency, amicability, flexibility, low cost andadaptability. Accumulated evidences indicate that genome editing has great potential in improving thedisease resistance in crop plants. In this review, we offered a brief introduction to the mechanisms of differentgenome editing systems and then discussed recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 system-based genomeediting towards enhancement of rice disease resistance by different strategies. This review also discussed thepossible applications of recently developed genome editing approaches like CRISPR/Cas12a (formerlyknown as Cpf1) and base editors for enhancement of rice disease resistance. | Rukmini MISHRA WEI Zheng Raj Kumar JOSHI ZHAO Kaijun | 2021 | Rice science2021，28，2： | 0 |
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