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| 1 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 2 | Digital templating in total hip arthroplasty:Additional anteroposterior hip view increases the accuracy显示文摘AIM To analyze planning total hip arthroplasty(THA) with an additional anteroposterior hip view may increases the accuracy of preoperative planning in THA.METHODS We conducted prospective digital planning in 100 consecutive patients: 50 of these procedures were planned using pelvic overview only(first group), and the other 50 procedures were planned using pelvic overview plus antero-posterior(a.p.) hip view(second group). The planning and the procedure of each patient were performed exclusively by the senior surgeon. Fifty procedures with retrospective analogues planning were used as the control group(group zero). After the procedure, the planning was compared with the eventually implanted components(cup and stem). For statistic analysis the x^2 test was used for nominal variables and the t test was used for a comparison of continuous variables.RESULTS Preoperative planning with an additional a.p. hip view(second group) significantly increased the exact component correlation when compared to pelvic overview only(first group) for both the acetabular cup and the femoral stem(76% cup and 66% stem vs 54% cup and 32% stem). When considering planning ± 1 size, the accuracy in the second group was 96%(48 of 50 patients) for the cup and 94% for the stem(47 of 50patients). In the analogue control group(group zero), an exact correlation was observed in only 1/3 of the cases.CONCLUSION Digital THA planning performed by the operating surgeon and based on additional a.p. hip view significantly increases the correlation between preoperative planning and eventual implant sizes. | Sophia K Stigler Franz J Müller Sebastian Pfaud Michael Zellner Bernd Füchtmeier | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，1： | 3 |
| 3 | National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany显示文摘Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem services.In many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem services.However,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem services.Based on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem services.We use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory data.Results:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(e.g.between both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(e.g.for temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in Germany.No single forest type provided all ecosystem services equally.Some ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(e.g.decomposition or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(e.g.phosphorous availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(e.g.potential nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental conditions.However,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree species.Conclusions:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem services.The importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand level can be compensated by managing forests at the landscape level,when stands of complementary forest types are combined.These results imply that multi-purpose forestry should be based on a variety of forest types requiring coordinated planning across larger spatial scales. | Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Electrodeposited and selenized (CuInSe2) (CIS) thin films for photovoltaic applications显示文摘 | Fernandez A M Calixto M E Sebastian P J | 1998 | Solar Energy Materials &Solar Cells1998，52，34： | 2 |
| 5 | A prospective feasibility study of sub-millisievert abdominopelvic CT using iterative reconstruction in Crohn’s disease显示文摘 | Siobhan B O’Neill Patrick D Mc Laughlin Lee Crush Owen J O’Connor Sebastian R Mc Williams Orla Craig Anne Marie Mc Garrigle Fiona O’Neill Jackie Bye Max F. Ryan Fergus Shanahan Michael M Maher | 2013 | European Radiology2013，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Low dielectric loss PTFE/CeO2 ceramic composites for microwave substrate applications显示文摘 | ANJANA P S SEBASTIAN M T SUMA J | 2008 | Applied Ceramic Technology2008，5，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Clinical presentation and pre-mortem diagnosis of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with blood transfusion: a case report显示文摘 | Stephen J Wroe Suvankar Pal Durrenajaf Siddique Harpreet Hyare Rebecca Macfarlane Susan Joiner Jacqueline M Linehan Sebastian Brandner Jonathan DF Wadsworth Patricia Hewitt John Collinge | 2006 | The Lancet2006，，9552： | 1 |
| 8 | Characterization of co-electrodeposited and selenized CIS (CuInSe2) thin films显示文摘 | Fernandez A M Sebastian P J Calixto M E | 1997 | Thin Solid Films1997，298，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) links mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum function with insulin signaling and is essential for normal glucose homeostasis显示文摘 | Sebastian D Hernandez-Alvarez M Segales J | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Compositional and optoelectronic properties of CIS and CIGS thin films formed by electrodeposition显示文摘 | Calixto M E Sebastian P J Bhattacharya R N Noufi R | 1999 | Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells1999，59，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Modification of the number and phenotype of stfiatal dopaminergic cells by carotid body graft 显示文摘 | San Sebastian W Guillen J Manfigue M | 2007 | Brain2007，130，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Com- positional and optoelectronic properties of CIS and CIGS thin films formed by electrodeposition 显示文摘 | CALIXTO M E SEBASTIAN P J BHATTACHARY R N | 1999 | Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells1999，59，： | 1 |
| 13 | Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) in Serum of Patients With Prostate Cancer显示文摘 | Robert Mahn Lukas C. Heukamp Sebastian Rogenhofer Alexander von Ruecker Stefan C. Müller J?rg Ellinger | 2011 | Urology2011，，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Voltage- follower control in zero-current-switched quasi-resonant power factor preregulators显示文摘 | SEBASTIAN J MARTINEZ J A ALONSO J M | 1998 | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics1998，13，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Folate biofortification in tomatoes by engineering the pteridine branch of folate synthesis显示文摘 | ROCiO DiAZ DE LA GARZA EOIN P QUINLIVAN SEBASTIAN M J KLAUS | 2004 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2004，101，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Voitage-follower control in zero-current-switched quasi-resonant power factor preregulators显示文摘 | SEBASTIAN J MARTINEZ J A ALONSO J M | 1998 | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics1998，13，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Studies of inclusion complexes of natural and modified cyclodextrin whh (+)catechin by NMR and molecular modeling显示文摘 | SEBASTIAN M GERALD Z T | 2007 | Bioorganic & Medidnal Chemistry2007，15，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Mesoporous alumina membranes: Synthesis, characterization,thermal stability and nonuniform distribution of catalyst 显示文摘 | Yeung K L Sebastian J M Varma A | 1997 | Journal of Membrane Science1997，，131： | 1 |
| 19 | Transparent conducting CdO films formed by chemical bath deposition显示文摘 | OCAMPO M FERNANDEZ A M SEBASTIAN P J | 1993 | Semicond Sci Technol1993，8，： | 1 |
| 20 | Cutting Speed and Feed Based Cutting Force Par- ametric Model for Dry Turning of AA2024 Alloy 显示文摘 | SEBASTIAN M A SANCHEZ-SOLA J M CARRILERO M S | 2003 | The International Journal for Manufacturing Science & Produc- tion2003，5，3： | 1 |
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