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| 1 | Veno occlusive disease: Update on clinical management显示文摘Hepatic veno-occlusive disease is a clinical syndrome characterized by hepatomegaly, ascites, weight gain and jaundice, due to sinusoidal congestion which can be caused by alkaloid ingestion, but the most frequent cause is haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (STC) and is also seen after solid organ transplantation. The incidence of veno occlusive disease (VOD) after STC ranges from 0 to 70%, but is decreasing. Survival is good when VOD is a mild form, but when it is severe and associated with an increase of hepatic venous pressure gradient > 20 mmHg, and mortality is about 90%. Prevention remains the best therapeutic strategy, by using non-myeloablative conditioning regimens before STC. Prophylactic administration of ursodeoxycholic acid, being an antioxidant and antiapoptotic agent, can have some benefit in reducing overall mortality. Defibrotide, which has pro-fibrinolytic and antithrombotic properties, is the most effective therapy; decompression of the sinusoids by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can be tried, especially to treat VOD after liver transplantation and when multiorgan failure (MOF) is not present. Liver transplantation can be the last option, but can not be considered a standard rescue therapy, because usually the concomitant presence of multiorgan failure contraindicates this procedure. | M Senzolo G Germani E Cholongitas P Burra AK Burroughs | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，29： | 19 |
| 2 | Perioperative thrombotic complications in liver transplantation显示文摘Although the perioperative bleeding complications and the major side effects of blood transfusion have always been the primary concern in liver transplantation(OLT),the possible cohesion of an underestimated intrinsic hypercoagulative state during and after the transplant procedure may pose a major threat to both patient and graft survival.Thromboembolism during OLT is characterized not only by a complex aetiology,but also by unpredictable onset and evolution of the disease.The initiation of a procoagulant process may be triggered by various factors,such as inflammation,venous stasis,ischemia-reperfusion injury,vascular clamping,anatomical and technical abnormalities,genetic factors,deficiency of profibrinolytic activity,and platelet activation.The involvement of the arterial system,intracardiac thrombosis,pulmonary emboli,portal vein thrombosis,and deep vein thrombosis,are among the most serious thrombotic events in the perioperative period.The rapid detection of occlusive vascular events is of paramount importance as it heavily influences the prognosis,particularly when these events occur intraoperatively or early after OLT.Regardless of the lack of studies and guidelines on anticoagulant prophylaxis in this setting,many institutions recommend such an approach especially in the subset of patients at high risk.However,the decision of when,how and in what doses to use the various chemical anticoagulants is still a difficult task,since there is no common consensus,even for highrisk cases.The risk of postoperative thromboembolism causing severe hemodynamic events,or even loss of graft function,must be weighed and compared with the risk of an important bleeding.In this article we briefly review the risk factors and the possible predictors of major thrombotic complications occurringin the perioperative period,as well as their incidence and clinical features.Moreover,the indications to pharmacological prophylaxis and the current treatment strategies are also summarized. | Paolo Feltracco Stefania Barbieri Umberto Cillo Giacomo Zanus Marco Senzolo Carlo Ori | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，26： | 13 |
| 3 | New insights into the coagulopathy of liver disease and liver transplantation显示文摘The liver is an essential player in the pathway of coagulation in both primary and secondary haemostasis. Only von Willebrand factor is not synthetised by the liver, thus liver failure is associated with impairment of coagulation. However, recently it has been shown that the delicate balance between pro and antithrombotic factors synthetised by the liver might be reset to a lower level in patients with chronic liver disease. Therefore, these patients might not be really anticoagulated in stable condition and bleeding may be caused only when additional factors, such as infections, supervene. Portal hypertension plays an important role in coagulopathy in liver disease, reducing the number of circulating platelets, but platelet function and secretion of thrombopoietin have been also shown to be impaired in patients with liver disease. Vitamin K deficiency may coexist, so that abnormal clotting factors are produced due to lack of gamma carboxylation. Moreover during liver failure, there is a reduced capacity to clear activated haemostatic proteins and protein inhibitor complexes from the circulation. Usually therapy for coagulation disorders in liver disease is needed only during bleeding or before invasive procedures. When end stage liver disease occurs, liver transplantation is the only treatment available, which can restore normal haemostasis, and correct genetic clotting defects, such as haemophilia or factor V Leiden mutation. During liver transplantation haemorrage may occur due to the pre-existing hypocoagulable state, the collateral circulation caused by portal hypertension and increased fibrinolysis which occurs during this surgery. | M Senzolo P Burra E Cholongitas AK Burroughs | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，48： | 12 |
| 4 | Therapeutic approaches for portal biliopathy: A systematic review显示文摘Portal biliopathy(PB) is defined as the presence of biliary abnormalities in patients with non-cirrhotic/nonneoplastic extrahepatic portal vein obstruction(EHPVO) and portal cavernoma(PC). The pathogenesis of PB is due to ab extrinseco compression of bile ducts by PC and/or to ischemic damage secondary to an altered biliary vascularization in EHPVO and PC. Although asymptomatic biliary abnormalities can be frequently seen by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in patients with PC(77%-100%), only a part of these(5%-38%) are symptomatic. Clinical presentation includes jaundice, cholangitis, cholecystitis, abdominal pain, and cholelithiasis. In this subset of patients is required a specific treatment. Different therapeutic approaches aimed to diminish portal hypertension and treat biliary strictures are available. In order to decompress PC, surgical porto-systemic shunt or transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt can be performed, and treatment on the biliary stenosis includes endoscopic(Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with endoscopic sphincterotomy, balloon dilation, stone extraction, stent placement) and surgical(bilioenteric anastomosis, cholecystectomy) approaches. Definitive treatment of PB often requires multiple and combined interventions both on vascular and biliary system. Liver transplantation can be considered in patients with secondary biliary cirrhosis, recurrent cholangitis or unsuccessful control of portal hypertension. | Irene Franceschet Alberto Zanetto Alberto Ferrarese Patrizia Burra Marco Senzolo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，45： | 9 |
| 5 | Liver transplantation for viral hepatitis in 2015显示文摘Liver transplantation(LT) is a life-saving treatment forpatients with end-stage liver disease and for patients with liver cell cancer related to liver disease. Acute and chronic liver diseases related to hepatitis viruses are between the main indications for liver transplantation. The risk of viral reinfection after transplantation is the main limiting factor in these indications. Before the availability of antiviral prophylaxis, hepatitis B virus(HBV) recurrence was universal in patients who were HBV DNA-positive before transplantation. The natural history of recurrent HBV was accelerated by immunosuppression, and it progressed rapidly to graft failure and death. Introduction of post-transplant prophylaxis with immunoglobulin alone first, and associated to antiviral drugs later, drastically reduced HBV recurrence, resulting in excellent long-term outcomes. On the contrary, recurrence of hepatitis C is the main cause of graft loss in most transplant programs. Overall, patient and graft survival after LT for hepatitis C virus(HCV)-associated cirrhosis is inferior compared with other indications. However, successful pretransplant or post transplant antiviral therapy has been associated with increased graft and overall survival. Until recently, the combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin was the standard of care for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Highly active antiviral compounds have been developed over the past decade, thanks to new in vitro systems to study HCV entry, replication, assembly, and release. | alberto ferrarese alberto zanetto martina gambato ilaria bortoluzzi elena nadal giacomo germani marco senzolo patrizia burra francesco paolo russo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，4： | 7 |
| 6 | Markers of acute rejection and graft acceptance in liver transplantation显示文摘The evaluation of the immunosuppression state in liver transplanted patients is crucial for a correct posttransplant management and a major step towards the personalisation of the immunosuppressive therapy. However, current immunological monitoring after liver transplantation relies mainly on clinical judgment and on immunosuppressive drug levels, without a proper assessment of the real suppression of theimmunological system. Various markers have been studied in an attempt to identify a specific indicator of graft rejection and graft acceptance after liver transplantation. Considering acute rejection, the most studied markers are pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines and other proteins related to inflammation. However there is considerable overlap with other conditions, and only few of them have been validated. Standard liver tests cannot be used as markers of graft rejection due to their low sensitivity and specificity and the weak correlation with the severity of histopathological findings. Several studies have been performed to identify biomarkers of tolerance in liver transplanted patients. Most of them are based on the analysis of peripheral blood samples and on the use of transcriptional profiling techniques. Amongst these, NK cell-related molecules seem to be the most valid marker of graft acceptance, whereas the role CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells has still to be properly defined. | Giacomo Germani Kryssia Rodriguez-Castro Francesco Paolo Russo Marco Senzolo Alberto Zanetto Alberto Ferrarese Patrizia Burra | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，4： | 6 |
| 7 | Invasive fungal infection before and after liver transplantation显示文摘Invasive infections are a major complication before liver transplantation(LT)and in the early phase after surgery.There has been an increasing prevalence of invasive fungal disease(IFD),especially among the sickest patients with decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure,who suffer from a profound state of immune dysfunction and receive intensive care management.In such patients,who are listed for LT,development of an IFD often worsens hepatic and extra-hepatic organ dysfunction,requiring a careful evaluation before surgery.In the post-transplant setting,the burden of IFD has been reduced after the clinical advent of antifungal prophylaxis,even if several major issues still remain,such as duration,target population and drug type(s).Nevertheless,the development of IFD in the early phase after surgery significantly impairs graft and patient survival.This review outlines presentation,prophylactic and therapeutic strategies,and outcomes of IFD in LT candidates and recipients,providing specific considerations for clinical practice. | Alberto Ferrarese Annamaria Cattelan Umberto Cillo Enrico Gringeri Francesco Paolo Russo Giacomo Germani Martina Gambato Patrizia Burra Marco Senzolo | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，47： | 6 |
| 8 | Hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis decreased as indication to liver transplantation since the introduction of direct-acting antivirals: A single-center study显示文摘AIM To evaluate waiting list(WL) registration and liver transplantation(LT) rates in patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis since the introduction of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs).METHODS All adult patients with cirrhosis listed for LT at Padua University Hospital between 2006-2017 were retrospectively collected using a prospectivelyupdated database; patients with HCV-related cirrhosis were divided by indication for LT [dec-HCV vs HCV/hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)] and into two interval times(2006-2013 and 2014-2017) according to the introduction of DAAs. For each patient, indications to LT, severity of liver dysfunction and the outcome in the WL were assessed and compared between the two different time periods. For patients receiving DAA-based regimens, the achievement of viral eradication and the outcome were also evaluated. RESULTS One thousand one hundred and ninty-four [male(M)/female(F): 925/269] patients were included. Considering the whole cohort, HCV-related cirrhosis was the main etiology at the time of WL registration(490/1194 patients, 41%). HCV-related cirrhosis significantly decreased as indication to WL registration after DAA introduction(from 43.3% in 2006-2013 to 37.2% in 2014-2017, P = 0.05), especially amongst decHCV(from 24.2% in 2006-2013 to 15.9% in 2014-2017, P = 0.007). Even HCV remained the most common indication to LT over time(289/666, 43.4%), there was a trend towards a decrease after DAAs introduction(from 46.3% in 2006-2013 to 39% in 2014-2017, P = 0.06). HCV patients(M/F: 43/11, mean age: 57.7 ± 8 years) who achieved viral eradication in the WL had better transplant-free survival(log-rank test P = 0.02) and delisting rate(P = 0.002) than untreated HCV patients. CONCLUSION Introduction of DAAs significantly reduced WL registrations for HCV related cirrhosis, especially in the setting of decompensated cirrhosis. | Alberto Ferrarese Giacomo Germani Martina Gambato Francesco Paolo Russo Marco Senzolo Alberto Zanetto Sarah Shalaby Umberto Cillo Giacomo Zanus Paolo Angeli Patrizia Burra | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，38： | 5 |
| 9 | Management of bacterial infection in the liver transplant candidate显示文摘Bacterial infection(BI) is a common cause of impairment of liver function in patients with cirrhosis, especially in the liver transplant candidates. These patients share an immunocompromised state and increased susceptibility to develop community and hospital-acquired infections. The changing epidemiology of BI, with an increase of multidrug resistant strains, especially in healthcareassociated settings, represents a critical issue both in the waiting list and in the post-operative management. This review focused on the role played by BI in patients awaiting liver transplantation, evaluating the risk of drop-out from the waiting list, the possibility to undergo liver transplantation after recovery from infection or during a controlled infection. | Alberto Ferrarese Alberto Zanetto Chiara Becchetti Salvatore Stefano Sciarrone Sarah Shalaby Giacomo Germani Martina Gambato Francesco Paolo Russo Patrizia Burra Marco Senzolo | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Rethinking the role of non-selective beta blockers in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension显示文摘Non-selective beta blockers(NSBB) are commonly used to prevent portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhotics.Nevertheless, in the last years, the use of NSBB in critically decompensated patients, especially in those with refractory ascites, has been questioned, mainly for an increased risk of mortality and worsening of systemic hemodynamics. Moreover, even if NSBB have been reported to correlate with a higher risk of renal failure and severe infection in patients with advanced liver disease and hypotension, their use has been associated with a reduction of risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, modification of gut permeability and reduction of bacterial translocation. This manuscript systematically reviews the published evidences about harms and benefits of the use of NSBB in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. | Alberto Ferrarese Alberto Zanetto Giacomo Germani Patrizia Burra Marco Senzolo | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，24： | 3 |
| 11 | A systematic review of the performance of the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) in the setting of liver transplantation显示文摘 | Evangelos Cholongitas Laura Marelli Vibhakorn Shusang Marco Senzolo Keith Rolles David Patch Andrew K. Burroughs | 2006 | Liver Transpl2006，，7： | 2 |
| 12 | Anticoagulation for the treatment of thrombotic complications in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘 | Kryssia I. Rodriguez‐Castro Paolo Simioni Patrizia Burra Marco Senzolo | 2012 | Liver Int2012，，10： | 2 |
| 13 | Prospective evaluation of anticoagulation and transjugular intrahepatic portosistemic shunt for the management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis显示文摘 | Marco Senzolo Teresa M. Sartori Valeria Rossetto Patrizia Burra Umberto Cillo Patrizia Boccagni Daniele Gasparini Diego Miotto Paolo Simioni Emmanuel Tsochatzis Kenneth A. Burroughs | 2012 | Liver Int2012，，6： | 2 |
| 14 | Transarterial Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Which Technique Is More Effective? A Systematic Review of Cohort and Randomized Studies显示文摘 | Laura Marelli Rosa Stigliano Christos Triantos Marco Senzolo Evangelos Cholongitas Neil Davies Jonathan Tibballs Tim Meyer David W. Patch Andrew K. Burroughs | 2007 | CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology2007，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Neuropsychological alterations in hepatitis C infection:The role of inflammation显示文摘About 50% of patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection complain of neuropsychiatric symptoms,'brain fog',weakness,fatigue,and exhibit some degree of quality of life impairment,irrespective of the severity of liver disease.Since the first observation of HCV-related cognitive deficits,10 studies have been published that have evaluated neuropsychiatric performance in patients with HCV infection and different degrees of hepatic impairment.Unfortunately,these have often included patients with cirrhosis,patients who had acquired the infection through previous intravenous drug misuse,who had a history of relatively recent treatment with interferon,or were on psychoactive medication.In addition,different neuropsychological batteries and tests that explored different cognitive domains were used,which makes the results of the studies difficult to compare.Finally,limited information is available on the pathogenesis of HCV-related cognitive impairment.Cerebral and/or systemic inflammation may be important players but their potential role has not been substantiated by experimental data.The present review outlines the available evidence of the presence of cognitive impairment in patients with HCV infection,with a focus on the potential relationship with cerebral and/or systemic inflammation. | Marco Senzolo Sami Schiff Cristina Maria D’Aloiso Chiara Crivellin Evangelos Cholongitas Patrizia Burra Sara Montagnese | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，29： | 2 |
| 16 | Portal vein thrombosis and liver transplantation: Implications for waiting list period, surgical approach, Early and late follow-up显示文摘 | Francesca Romana Ponziani Maria Assunta Zocco Marco Senzolo Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini Alfonso Wolfango Avolio | 2014 | Transplantation Reviews2014，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Transjugular int rahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal vein t hrombosis with and without cavernous transformation显示文摘 | Senzolo M Tibbals J Cholongitas E | 2006 | Aliment Pharmacol Ther2006，23，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Severe venoocclusive disease after liver transplantation treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt显示文摘 | Senzolo M Patch D Cholongitas E | 2006 | Transplantation2006，82，1： | 1 |
| 19 | The effects of glycosaminoglycans on coagulation:a thromboelastographic study显示文摘 | Senzolo M Coppell J Cholongitas E | 2007 | Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis2007，18，3： | 1 |
| 20 | The effects of glyeosa- minoglycans on coagulation:a thromboelastographic study显示文摘 | Senzolo M Coppell J Cholongitas E | 2007 | Blood Coagul Fibrinol2007，18，3： | 1 |
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