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| 1 | A Pilot Study of the Therapeutic Efficacy and Mechanism of Artesunate in the MRL/lpr Murine Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus显示文摘Recent evidence indicates that artesunate has immunomodulatory properties that might be useful for treating autoimmune disease.In this study,we conducted a pilot study and explored the effect and mechanism of artesunate on the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus using an MRL/lpr murine model.MRL/lpr mice were divided into control,cyclophosphamide(CTX)and artesunate treatment groups.Blood was collected to measure serum levels of creatinine,antinuclear antibody(ANA)and anti-double-stranded DNA(anti-dsDNA)antibody.Twenty-four-hour urine was collected to measure levels of proteinuria.The concentration of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1)in serum and urine was measured.The expression of MCP-1 in kidney was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry assay,respectively.The expression of B cell activating factor(BAFF)in spleen was determined by real time-PCR and immunoblotting.We found that artesunate significantly increased the survival rate,body weight and blood leukocyte counts,and reduced the serum levels of ANA and anti-dsDNA antibody titer,24 h urinary protein,and serum creatinine.Our results indicated that artesunate could decrease MCP-1,major pro-inflammation cytokine,in serum,urine and kidney.We also found that the level of BAFF,the major B cell activation factor,was decreased in artesunate treated MRL/lpr mice.Its efficacy was comparable with that of CTX in this study.Taken together,we have demonstrated that artesunate can inhibit the progression of disease and reverse the pathologic lesion of lupus nephritis. | Ouyang Jin Huayong Zhang Zhifeng Gu Shengnan Zhao Ting Xu Kangxing Zhou Bo Jiang Jie Wang Xiaofeng Zeng Lingyun Sun | 2009 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2009，6，6： | 20 |
| 2 | The influence of land use change on the spatial–temporal variability of habitat quality between 1990 and 2010 in Northeast China显示文摘Land use changes are a direct consequence of interactions between humans and nature.Analysing the spatial and temporal changes in habitat quality brought about by land use change can provide a scientific basis for ecological protection and land planning.Based on the analysis of land use change from 1990 to 2010 in Northeast China,we used the InVEST(integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs)module to evaluate habitat quality based on watershed subdivision.The results show that:(1)the main land use changes from 1990 to 2010 were the transition from grasslands and forest lands to agricultural lands,which led to a decrease in connectivity of landscape and an increase in fragmentation;(2)areas of high habitat quality were distributed north of the Greater Khingan Mountains,the region of the Lesser Khingan Mountains and east of the Changbai Mountains,while the central plain had low habitat quality;(3)agricultural lands had the largest effect on habitat degradation among all habitat threats.During these 2 decades,the contribution of agricultural lands to habitat degradation were 43.4%in 1990,44.6%in 2000 and 43.9%in 2010;and,(4)at a landscape scale,patch density and splitting index present noticeable negative correlations with habitat quality index.Habitat quality was significantly affected by landscape fragmentation and decreased connectivity. | Limin Dai Shanlin Li Bernard J.Lewis Jian Wu Dapao Yu Wangming Zhou Li Zhou Shengnan Wu | 2019 | Journal of Forestry Research2019，30，6： | 18 |
| 3 | Growth and characterization of 2-inch high quality β-Ga2O3 single crystals grown by EFG method显示文摘β-Ga_2O_3 is an ultra-wide band-gap semiconductor with promising applications in UV optical detectors,Schottky barrier diodes, field-effect transistors and substrates for light-emitting diodes. However, the preparation of large β-Ga_2O_3 crystals is undeveloped and many properties of this material have not been discovered yet. In this work, 2-inch β-Ga_2O_3 single crystals were grown by using an edge-defined film-fed growth method. The high quality of the crystal has been proved by high-resolution X-ray diffraction with 19.06 arcsec of the full width at half maximum. The electrical properties and optical properties of both the unintentionally doped and Si-doped β-Ga_2O_3 crystals were investigated systematically. | Shengnan Zhang Xiaozheng Lian Yanchao Ma Weidan Liu Yingwu Zhang Yongkuan Xu Hongjuan Cheng | 2018 | Journal of Semiconductors2018，39，8： | 12 |
| 4 | An impact angle constraint integral sliding mode guidance law for maneuvering targets interception显示文摘An integral sliding mode guidance law(ISMGL)combined with the advantages of the integral sliding mode control(SMC)method is designed to address maneuvering target interception problems with impact angle constraints.The relative motion equation of the missile and the target considering the impact angle constraint is established in the longitudinal plane,and an integral sliding mode surface is constructed.The proposed guidance law resolves the existence of a steady-state error problem in the traditional SMC.Such a guidance law ensures that the missile hits the target with an ideal impact angle in finite time and the missile is kept highly robust throughout the interception process.By adopting the dynamic surface control method,the ISMGL is designed considering the impact angle constraints and the autopilot dynamic characteristics.According to the Lyapunov stability theorem,all states of the closed-loop system are finally proven to be uniformly bounded.Simulation results are compared with the general sliding mode guidance law and the trajectory shaping guidance law,and the findings verify the effectiveness and superiority of the ISMGL. | ZHANG Wenjie FU Shengnan LI Wei XIA Qunli | 2020 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2020，31，1： | 10 |
| 5 | Efficient emission of InGaN-based light-emitting diodes:toward orange and red显示文摘Indium gallium nitride(InGaN)-based light-emitting diodes(LEDs)are considered a promising candidate for red-green-blue(RGB)micro displays.Currently,the blue and green LEDs are efficient,while the red ones are inefficient for such applications.This paper reports our work of creating efficient InGaN-based orange and red LEDs on silicon(111)substrates at low current density.Based on the structure of InGaN yellow LEDs,by simply reducing the growth temperature of all the yellow quantum wells(QWs),we obtained 599 nm orange LEDs with peak wall-plug efficiency(WPE)of 18.1%at 2 A/cm^2.An optimized QW structure was proposed that changed two of the nine yellow QWs to orange ones.Compared with the sample containing nine orange QWs,the sample with two orange QWs and seven yellow QWs showed similar emission spectra but a much higher peak WPE up to 24.0%at 0.8 A/cm^2 with a wavelength of 608 nm.The improvement of peak WPE can be attributed to the improved QW quality and the reduced active recombination volume.Subsequently,a series of efficient InGaN-based orange and red LEDs was demonstrated.With further development,the InGaN-based red LEDs are believed to be attainable and can be used in micro LED displays. | Shengnan Zhang Jianli Zhang Jiangdong Gao Xiaolan Wang Changda Zheng Meng Zhang Xiaoming Wu Longquan Xu Jie Ding Zhijue Quan Fengyi Jiang | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，11： | 10 |
| 6 | Design of sandwich-structured ZnO/ZnS/Au photoanode for enhanced efficiency of photoelectrochemical wate splitting显示文摘We developed and demonstrated a ZnO/ZnS/Au composite photoanode with significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting performance, con- taining a ZnS interlayer and Au nanoparticles. The solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of this ZnO/ZnS/Au heterostructure reached 0.21%, 3.5 times that of pristine ZnO. The comparison of the incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) and the photoresponse in the white and visible light regions further verified that the enhancement resulted from contributions of both UV and visible light. The modification of the Au NPs was shown to improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance to both UV and visible light, as modification encouraged effective surface passivation and surface-plasmon- resonance effects. The ZnS interlayer favored the movement of photogenerated electrons under UV light and hot electrons under visible light, causing their injection into ZnO; this simultaneously suppressed the electron-hole recombination at the photoanode-electrolyte interface. The optimized design of the interlayer within plasmonic metal/semiconductor composite systems, as reported here, provided a facile and compatible photoelectrode configuration, enhancing the utilization efficiency of incident light for photoelectrochemical applications. | Yichong Liu Yousong Gu Xiaoqin Yan Zhuo Kang Shengnan Lu Yihui Sun Yue Zhang | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，9： | 10 |
| 7 | Biomass Carbon Storage and Its Sequestration Potential of Afforestation under Natural Forest Protection Program in China显示文摘Based on the data from China′s Seventh Forest Inventory for the period of 2004–2008, area and stand volume of different types and age-classes of plantation were used to establish the relationship between biomass density and age of planted forests in different regions of the country. Combined with the plantation area in the first-stage of the Natural Forest Protection(NFP) program(1998–2010), this study calculated the biomass carbon storage of the afforestation in the first-stage of the program. On this basis, the carbon sequestration potential of these forests was estimated for the second stage of the program(2011–2020). Biomass carbon storage of plantation established in the first stage of the program was 33.67 Tg C, which was majority accounted by protection forests(30.26 Tg C). There was a significant difference among carbon storage in different regions, which depended on the relationship of biomass carbon density, forest age and plantation area. Under the natural growth, the carbon storage was forecasted to increase annually from 2011 to 2020, reaching 96.03 Tg C at the end of the second-stage of the program in 2020. The annual growth of the carbon storage was forecasted to be 6.24 Tg C/yr, which suggested that NFP program has a significant potential for enhancing carbon sequestration in plantation forests under its domain. | ZHOU Wangming Bernard Joseph LEWIS WU Shengnan YU Dapao ZHOU Li WEI Yawei DAI Limin | 2014 | Chinese Geographical Science2014，24，4： | 10 |
| 8 | Forest Carbon Storage and Tree Carbon Pool Dynamics under Natural Forest Protection Program in Northeastern China显示文摘The Natural Forest Protection(NFP) program is one of the Six Key Forestry Projects which were adopted by the Chinese Government since the 1980s to address important natural issues in China. It advanced to protecting and restoring the structures and functions of the natural forests through sustainable forest management. However, the role of forest carbon storage and tree carbon pool dynamics since the adoption of the NFP remains unknown. To address this knowledge gap, this study calculated forest carbon storage(tree, understory, forest floor and soil) in the forest region of northeastern(NE) China based on National Forest Inventory databases and field investigated databases. For tree biomass, this study utilized an improved method for biomass estimation that converts timber volume to total forest biomass; while for understory, forest floor and soil carbon storage, this study utilized forest type-specific mean carbon densities multiplied by their areas in the region. Results showed that the tree carbon pool under the NFP in NE China functioned as a carbon sink from 1998 to 2008, with an increase of 6.3 Tg C/yr, which was mainly sequestrated by natural forests(5.1 Tg C/yr). At the same time, plantations also acted as a carbon sink, reflecting an increase of 1.2 Tg C/yr. In 2008, total carbon storage in forests covered by the NFP in NE China was 4603.8 Tg C, of which 4393.3 Tg C was stored in natural forests and 210.5 Tg C in planted forests. Soil was the largest carbon storage component, contributing 69.5%–77.8% of total carbon storage; followed by tree and forest floor, accounting for 16.3%–23.0% and 5.0%–6.5% of total carbon storage, respectively. Understory carbon pool ranged from 1.9 to 42.7 Tg C, accounting for only 0.9% of total carbon storage. | WEI Yawei YU Dapao Bernard Joseph LEWIS ZHOU Li ZHOU Wangming FANG Xiangmin ZHAO Wei WU Shengnan DAI Limin | 2014 | Chinese Geographical Science2014，24，4： | 9 |
| 9 | Abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and their association with bacterial communities in activated sludge of wastewater treatment plants: Geographical distribution and network analysis显示文摘Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) are deemed reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs). Bacterial phylogeny can shape the resistome in activated sludge. However, the co-occurrence and interaction of ARGs abundance and bacterial communities in different WWTPs located at continental scales are still not comprehensively understood. Here, we applied quantitative PCR and Miseq sequence approaches to unveil the changing profiles of ARGs(sul1, sul2, tet W, tet Q, tet X), int I1 gene, and bacterial communities in 18 geographically distributed WWTPs. The results showed that the average relative abundance of sul1 and sul2 genes were 2.08 × 10^(-1) and 1.32 × 10^(-1) copies/16 S rRNA copies, respectively. The abundance of tet W gene was positively correlated with the Shannon diversity index(H′), while both studied sul genes had significant positive relationship with the int I1 gene. The highest average relative abundances of sul1, sul2, tet X, and int I1 genes were found in south region and oxidation ditch system. Network analysis found that 16 bacterial genera co-occurred with tet W gene. Co-occurrence patterns were revealed distinct community interactions between aerobic/anoxic/aerobic and oxidation ditch systems. The redundancy analysis model plot of the bacterial community composition clearly demonstrated that the sludge samples were significant differences among those from the different geographical areas,and the shifts in bacterial community composition were correlated with ARGs. Together,these findings from the present study will highlight the potential risks of ARGs and bacterial populations carrying these ARGs, and enable the development of suitable technique to control the dissemination of ARGs from WWTPs into aquatic environments. | Haihan Zhang Huiyan He Shengnan Chen Tinglin Huang Kuanyu Lu Zhonghui Zhang Rong Wang Xueyao Zhang Hailong Li | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，8： | 9 |
| 10 | A statistical analysis of spatiotemporal variations and determinant factors of forest carbon storage under China's Natural Forest Protection Program显示文摘The Natural Forest Protection Program(NFPP)is one of the key ecological forestry programs in China.It not only facilitates the improvement of forest ecological quality in NFPP areas,but also plays a significant role in increasing the carbon storage of forest ecosystems.The program covers 17 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities with correspondingly diverse forest resources and environments,ecological features,engineering measures and forest management regimes,all of which affect regional carbon storage.In this study,volume of timber harvest,tending area,pest-infested forest,firedamaged forest,reforestation,and average annual precipitation,and temperature were evaluated as factors that influence carbon storage.We developed a vector autoregression model for these seven indicators and we studied the dominant factors of carbon storage in the areas covered by NFPP.Timber harvest was the dominant factorinfluencing carbon storage in the Yellow and Yangtze River basins.Reforestation contributed most to carbon storage in the state-owned forest region in Xinjiang.In state-owned forest regions of Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces,the dominant factors were forest fires and forest cultivation,respectively.For the enhancement of carbon sequestration capacity,a longer rotation period and a smaller timber harvest are recommended for the Yellow and Yangtze River basins.Trees should be planted in stateowned forests in Xinjiang.Forest fires should be prevented in state-owned forests in Heilongjiang,and greater forest tending efforts should be made in the state-owned forests in Jilin. | Shengnan Wu Jiaqi Li Wangming Zhou Bernard Joseph Lewis Dapao Yu Li Zhou Linhai Jiang Limin Dai | 2018 | Journal of Forestry Research2018，29，2： | 7 |
| 11 | A fundamental theorem for eco-environmental surface modelling and its applications显示文摘We propose a fundamental theorem for eco-environmental surface modelling(FTEEM) in order to apply it into the fields of ecology and environmental science more easily after the fundamental theorem for Earth’s surface system modeling(FTESM). The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region is taken as a case area to conduct empirical studies of algorithms for spatial upscaling, spatial downscaling, spatial interpolation, data fusion and model-data assimilation, which are based on high accuracy surface modelling(HASM), corresponding with corollaries of FTEEM. The case studies demonstrate how eco-environmental surface modelling is substantially improved when both extrinsic and intrinsic information are used along with an appropriate method of HASM. Compared with classic algorithms, the HASM-based algorithm for spatial upscaling reduced the root-meansquare error of the BTH elevation surface by 9 m. The HASM-based algorithm for spatial downscaling reduced the relative error of future scenarios of annual mean temperature by 16%. The HASM-based algorithm for spatial interpolation reduced the relative error of change trend of annual mean precipitation by 0.2%. The HASM-based algorithm for data fusion reduced the relative error of change trend of annual mean temperature by 70%. The HASM-based algorithm for model-data assimilation reduced the relative error of carbon stocks by 40%. We propose five theoretical challenges and three application problems of HASM that need to be addressed to improve FTEEM. | Tianxiang YUE Na ZHAO Yu LIU Yifu WANG Bin ZHANG Zhengping DU Zemeng FAN Wenjiao SHI Chuanfa CHEN Mingwei ZHAO Dunjiang SONG Shihai WANG Yinjun SONG Changqing YAN Qiquan LI Xiaofang SUN Lili ZHANG Yongzhong TIAN Wei WANG Ying’an WANG Shengnan MA Hongsheng HUANG Yimin LU Qing WANG Chenliang WANG Yuzhu WANG Ming LU Wei ZHOU Yi LIU Xiaozhe YIN Zong WANG Zhengyi BAO Miaomiao ZHAO Yapeng ZHAO Yimeng JIAO Ufra NASEER Bin FAN Saibo LI Yang YANG John PWILSON | 2020 | Science China Earth Sciences2020，63，8： | 7 |
| 12 | Glycyrrhetinic acid binds to the conserved P-loop region and interferes with the interaction of RAS-effector proteins显示文摘Members of the RAS proto-oncogene superfamily are indispensable molecular switches that play critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. Recent studies have attempted to prevent the interaction of RAS/GTP with RAS guanine nucleotide exchange factors(GEFs), impair RASeffector interactions, and suppress RAS localization to prevent oncogenic signalling. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the natural triterpenoic acid inhibitor glycyrrhetinic acid, which is isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza plant species, on RAS stability. We found that glycyrrhetinic acid may bind to the P-loop of RAS and alter its stability. Based on our biochemical tests and structural analysis results, glycyrrhetinic acid induced a conformational change in RAS. Meanwhile, glycyrrhetinic acid abolishes the function of RAS by interfering with the effector protein RAF kinase activation and RAS/MAPK signalling. | Yuan Zhang Zhihua Wang Xiaoyao Ma Shengnan Yang Xueyan Hu Jin Tao Yuanyuan Houn Gang Bai | 2019 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2019，9，2： | 7 |
| 13 | Immunity-and-matrix-regulatory cells derived from human embryonic stem cells safely and effectively treat mouse lung injury and fibrosis显示文摘Lung injury and fibrosis represent the most significant outcomes of severe and acute lung disorders,including COVID-19.However,there are still no effective drugs to treat lung injury and fibrosis.In this study,we report the generation of clinical-grade human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)-derived immunity-and matrix-regulatory cells(IMRCs)produced under good manufacturing practice requirements,that can treat lung injury and fibrosis in vivo.We generate IMRCs by sequentially differentiating hESCs with serum-free reagents.IMRCs possess a unique gene expression profile distinct from that of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UCMSCs),such as higher expression levels of proliferative,immunomodulatory and anti-fibrotic genes.Moreover,intravenous delivery of IMRCs inhibits both pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mouse models of lung injury,and significantly improves the survival rate of the recipient mice in a dose-dependent manner,likely through paracrine regulatory mechanisms.IMRCs are superior to both primary UCMSCs and the FDA-approved drug pirfenidone,with an excellent efficacy and safety profile in mice and monkeys.In light of public health crises involving pneumonia,acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome,our findings suggest that IMRCs are ready for clinical trials on lung disorders. | Jun Wu Dingyun Song Zhongwen Li Baojie Guo Yani Xiao Wenjing Liu Lingmin Liang Chunjing Feng Tingting Gao Yanxia Chen Ying Li Zai Wang Jianyan Wen Shengnan Yang Peipei Liu Lei Wang Yukai Wang Liang Peng Glyn Nigel Stacey Zheng Hu Guihai Feng Wei Li Yan Huo Ronghua Jin Ng Shyh-Chang Qi Zhou Liu Wang Baoyang Hu Huaping Dai Jie Hao | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，9： | 7 |
| 14 | Effect of chrysanthemum extract on myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of chrysanthemum extract on myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension, and explore the possible mechanism underlying this effect.METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation, model, positive control, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Huai chrysanthemum extract groups(ten rats per group). With the exception of the sham operation group, a renal hypertensive model was established in rats using the 'two-kidney, one clip' method. After 6 weeks, low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were intragastrically administered chrysanthemum extract at 1, 2, or 4 g/kg, respectively, once daily for 4 weeks. The positive control group was administered Kato Pury at 50 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks,while sham operation and model groups received an equal volume of distilled water once daily for 4 weeks. Blood pressure changes were examined before modeling, 6 weeks after modeling, and after 4 weeks of treatment administration. Ventricular remodeling indexes were measured by high frequency echocardiography after 4 weeks of treatment administration. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson’s trichrome staining methods. Collagen type sion were eⅠxa(Col minedⅠ) and type Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ) expres by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), sma mad 3(Smad3),Smad7, Ras homolog gene family, member A(RhoA), and Rho-associated protein kinase 1(ROCK1) protein expression were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, chrysanthemum-administered groups and the positive control group showed significant improvement of arterial blood pressure, echocardiography indicators, and degree of myocardial fibrosis(P < 0.05). In addition, these groups exhibited decreased expression of Col Ⅰ, Col Smad3, and increaseⅢ, RhoA, ROCK1, TGF-β1, and d Smad7 expression. Such improvements were most obvious in the high-dose chrysanthemum extract group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Chrysanthemum extract could effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension by a mechanism that potentially involves inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways. | Pei Lixin Shu Shengnan Wang Xuanying Ji Baoyu | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，4： | 6 |
| 15 | Realization of population inversion between 7S_(1/2) and 6P_(3/2) levels of cesium for four-level active optical clock显示文摘We demonstrate experimentally the population inversion between 7S1/2 and 6P3/2 levels of cesium in thermal cesium cell with a 455.5 nm pumping laser.We calculate the relative population probabilities at each level theoretically with the density matrix method.In a steady state,5.8% atoms are at 7S1/2 level and 2.9% at 6P3/2 level,which builds up the population inversion between the two levels.We obtain the fluorescence spectra produced in thermal cesium cell in our experiment.The measured relative intensity of each available fluorescence spectral line in the experiment agrees very well with the theoretical result.The demonstrated population inversion between 7S1/2 and 6P3/2 levels can be used to construct an active optical clock of four-level system with a wavelength of 1469.9 nm. | WANG YanFei WANG DongYing ZHANG TongGang HONG YeLong ZHANG ShengNan TAO ZhiMing XIE XiaoPeng CHEN JingBiao | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，6： | 6 |
| 16 | A high-fiber diet synergizes with Prevotella copri and exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis显示文摘Both preclinical and established rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients display alterations in the gut microbiome.Prevotella spp.are preferentially enriched in a subset of RA patients.Here,we isolated a Prevotella strain,P.copri RA,from the feces of RA patients and showed that colonization of P.copri RA exacerbated arthritis in a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)model.With the presence of P.copri RA colonization,a high-fiber diet exacerbated arthritis via microbial alterations and intestinal inflammation.Colonization of P.copri together with a high-fiber diet enabled the digestion of complex fiber,which led to the overproduction of organic acids,including fumarate,succinate and short-chain fatty acids.Succinate promoted proinflammatory responses in macrophages,and supplementation with succinate exacerbated arthritis in the CIA model.Our findings highlight the importance of dysbiosis when evaluating the effects of dietary interventions on RA pathogenesis and provide new insight into dietary interventions or microbiome modifications to improve RA management. | Lingjuan Jiang Mengmeng Shang Shengnan Yu Yudong Liu Hui Zhang Yangzhong Zhou Min Wang Tingting Wang Hui Li Zhihua Liu Xuan Zhang | 2022 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2022，19，12： | 6 |
| 17 | Fusing T5 exonuclease with Cas9 and Cas12a increases the frequency and size of deletion at target sites显示文摘CRISPR/Cas systems, especially CRISPR/Cas9, generally result in small insertions/deletions, which are unlikely to eliminate the functions of regulatory and other non-coding sequences. To generate larger genomic deletions usually requires the use of pairs of guide RNAs. Here we show that it is possible to create such deletions with a single guide RNA by fusing Cas9 or Cas12a with T5 exonuclease(T5exo). These fusion constructs were found to increase both the frequency and size of deletions at target loci in rice protoplasts and seedlings. Moreover, the genome editing efficiencies of Cas9 and Cas12a were also enhanced by fusion with T5 exonuclease. These T5exo-Cas fusions expand the CRISPR toolbox, and facilitate knockout of regulatory and non-coding DNA sequences. From a wider standpoint, our results suggest a general strategy for producing larger deletions using other Cas nucleases. | Qianwei Zhang Kangquan Yin Guanwen Liu Shengnan Li Mengou Li Jin-Long Qiu | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，12： | 6 |
| 18 | Recent developments in multimodality fluorescence imaging probes显示文摘Multimodality optical imaging probes have emerged as powerful tools that improve detection sensitivity and accuracy, important in disease diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we focus on recent developments of optical fluorescence imaging(OFI) probe integration with other imaging modalities such as X-ray computed tomography(CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), positron emission tomography(PET), single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT), and photoacoustic imaging(PAI). The imaging technologies are briefly described in order to introduce the strengths and limitations of each techniques and the need for further multimodality optical imaging probe development. The emphasis of this account is placed on how design strategies are currently implemented to afford physicochemically and biologically compatible multimodality optical fluorescence imaging probes. We also present studies that overcame intrinsic disadvantages of each imaging technique by multimodality approach with improved detection sensitivity and accuracy. | Jianhong Zhao Junwei Chen Shengnan Ma Qianqian Liu Lixian Huang Xiani Chen Kaiyan Lou Wei Wang | 2018 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2018，8，3： | 6 |
| 19 | Optimizing accuracy of a parabolic cylindrical deployable antenna mechanism based on stiffness analysis显示文摘Accuracy of the fitted surface is of great importance to the performance of deployable antennas utilized in space.This paper proposes a stiffness analysis based fitting accuracy optimization method for achieving the optimal parameters of the parabolic cylindrical deployable antenna mechanism.The stiffness matrix of the proposed cylindrical antenna mechanism is established by assembling the stiffness of beams and tension cables.Structural deformations of the mechanism are calculated where the tensioned cable is substituted by a 2-node truss element and an equivalent force acting on the joint.Consideration of the tensity of tension cables,namely tensioned or slack,is transformed into a typical linear complementarity problem.Comparison between structural deformations of the mechanism fixed at different points is performed.Sensitivities of the geometric and structural parameters on fitting accuracy are investigated.Influence of force of the driven cable on structural deformations of antenna operated in different orbits is conducted.A fitting optimization method is proposed to minimize the structural deformations subject to constraints on volume and mass.Simulation result shows that the fitting accuracy of the antenna mechanism is improved significantly through the optimization.The proposed method can be utilized for the optimal design of other deployable mechanisms constructed by joining rigid links. | Hang XIAO Shengnan LYU Xilun DING | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2020，33，5： | 6 |
| 20 | Solute-homogenization model and its experimental verification in Mg-Gd-based alloys显示文摘Composition homogenization in solid solution is important for industrial alloys. In the present work, a solute homogenization model is proposed based on the chemical short-range-order tendency in Mg-Gdbased alloys. After a calculation using the cluster-plus-glue-atom model, the stable Mg-Gd structural unit is derived, [Gd-Mg12]Mg6, where one solute Gd is nearest-neighbored with twelve Mg atoms to form the characteristic hcp cluster [Gd-Mg12] and this cluster is matched with six Mg glue atoms. Such a local unit is then mixed with [Mg-Mg12]Mg3, the stable unit for pure Mg. Assuming that the Gd-containing units are arranged in fcc-or bcc-like lattice points and the Mg units in their octahedral interstices, three proportions between the two units are obtained, 1:1, 2:3, and 1:3, which constitute three solute homogenization modes. The prevailing Mg-Gd-based alloys are consequently classified into three groups, respectively exemplified by GW103 K(Mg-10 Gd-3 Y-0.4 Zr, wt%), GW83 K(Mg-8 Gd-3 Y-0.4 Zr), and GW63 K(Mg-6 Gd-3 Y-0.4 Zr). Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloys were designed following the model(where Y and Zr were also added in substitution for Gd) and prepared by permanent-mould casting. According to their mechanical properties,the 1:3 alloy(Mg-5.9 Gd-1.6 Y-0.4 Zr) shows the best comprehensive properties(ultimate tensile strength305 MPa, yield strength 186 MPa, elongation 9.0%) in solution plus ageing state. | Shengnan Qian Chuang Dong Tianyu Liu Ying Qin Qing Wang Yujuan Wu Lidong Gu Jianxin Zou Xiangwen Heng Liming Peng Xiaoqin Zeng | 2018 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2018，34，7： | 6 |
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