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| 1 | Determination of trophic relationships within a Bohai Bay food web using stable δ^(15)N and δ^(13)C analysis显示文摘This study measured stable carbon and nitro- gen isotope ratios in phytoplankton, zooplankton, five inver- tebrates species, eight fishes species and three seabirds spe- cies collected in Bohai Bay. δ 13C ranged from ?25.38‰ to ?11.08‰ showing a relative low enrichment in the food web from Bohai Bay. The mean δ 13C of mullet is higher than that of other organisms, and this might be due to that mullet is migration fish and feeds mainly on inshore sources. δ 15N ranged from 4.08‰ to 13.98‰, and showed a step-wise en- richment with trophic level of 3.8‰. The δ 15N enrichment factor was used to construct an isotopic food web model to establish trophic relationships within this marine food web. According to this model, exact trophic levels of all organisms were estimated as 1.46?2.10, 1.91?3.32, 2.55?4.23 and 2.98?4.28 for plankton, invertebrates, fishes, and seabirds. | WANYi HUJianying ANLihui ANWei YANGMin ItohMitsuaki HattoriTatsuya1 TAOShu | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，10： | 10 |
| 2 | The role of arbuscular mycorrhiza on change of heavy metal speciation in rhizosphere of maize in wastewater irrigated agriculture soil显示文摘To understand the roles of mycorrhiza in metal speciation in the rhizosphere and the impact on increasing host plant tolerance against excessive heavy metals in soil, maize(Zea mays L.) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus(Glomus mosseae) was cultivated in heavy metal contaminated soil. Speciations of copper, zinc and lead in the soil were analyzed with the technique of sequential extraction. The results showed that,in comparison to the bolked soil, the exchangeable copper increased from 26% to 43% in non-infected and AM-infected rhizoshpere respectively; while other speciation (organic, carbonate and Fe-Mn oxide copper) remained constant and the organic bound zinc and lead also increased but the exchangeable zinc and lead were undetectable. The organic bound copper, zinc and lead were higher by 15%, 40% and 20%, respectively, in the rhizosphere of arbuscular mycorrhiza infected maize in comparison to the non-infected maize. The results might indicate that mycorrhiza could protect its host plants from the phytotoxicity of excessive copper, zinc and lead by changing the speciation from bio-available to the non-bio-available form. The fact that copper and zinc accumulation in the roots and shoots of mycorrhia infected plants were significantly lower than those in the non-infected plants might also suggest that mycorrhiza efficiently restricted excessive copper and zinc absorptions into the host plants. Compared to the non-infected seedlings, the lead content of infected seedlings was 60% higher in shoots. This might illustrate that mycorrhiza have a different mechanism for protecting its host from excessive lead phytotoxicity by chelating lead in the shoots. | HUANGYi TAOShu CHENYou-jian | 2005 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2005，17，2： | 9 |
| 3 | Influences of excessive Cu on photosynthesis and growth in ectomycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris seedlings显示文摘Growth and photosynthesis responses were measured for Scots pine( Pinus sylvestris L. cv.) inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi( Suillus bovinus ) under 6 5 and 25 mg/L Cu treatments to evaluate ectomycorrhizal seedlings’ tolerance to heavy metal stress.Results showed that excessive Cu can significantly impair the growth and photosynthesis of pine seedlings, but such impairment is much smaller to the ectomycorrhizal seedlings. Under 25 mg/L Cu treatment, the dry weight of ectomycorrhizal seedlings is 25% lower than the control in contrary to 53% of the non mycorrhizal seedlings, and the fresh weight of ectomycorrhizal roots was significantly higher than those of non mycorrhizal roots, about 25% and 42% higher at 6 5 and 25 mg/L Cu treatments respectively. Furthermore, ectomycorrhizal fungi induced remarkable difference in the growth rate and pigment content of seedlings under excessive Cu stress. At 25 mg/L Cu, the contents of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were 30% higher in ectomycorrhizal plants than those in non mycorrhizal plants. O 2 evolution and electron transport of PSI and PSII were restrained by elevated Cu stress. However, no significant improvement was observed in reducing the physiological restraining in ectomycorrhizal seedlings over the non mycorrhizal ones. | HUANGYi TAOShu | 2004 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2004，16，3： | 9 |
| 4 | Long-term temporal-spatial dynamics of marine coastal water quality in the Tolo Harbor,Hong Kong,China显示文摘The long-term temporal and spatial dynamics of marine coastal water quality in Tolo Harbor, Hong Kong were explored. The Harbor is divided into three zones represented as Harbor, Buffer, and Channel Subzones. The time range for the study covers the period from the 1970s to the 1990s. The selected indicators for the comprehensive assessment of water quality consist of physical, chemical and biological aspects, including suspended solids(SS), Secchi disk depth(SD), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD\-5), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), faecal coliform, chlorophyll-a(Chl-a), and the number of red tide occurrences. The results indicated the presence of obvious temporal and spatial trends with regard to changes in water quality. Spatially, water quality in the Channel Subzone is the best, while that in the Harbor Subzone is the worst. On a temporal basis, the average trend from bad to good was 1980s>1990s>1970s as indicated by most of the selected water quality indicators. Water quality during the late 1980s reached its worst level with the lowest SD, the highest BOD\-5, TN, TP, Chl-a concentrations, and the number of red tide occurrences. These long-term temporal-spatial water quality trends were also found in other studies of the Tolo Harbor. The large quantity of pollutants produced as a result of increasing population, industrial and commercial actives, and urbanization and industrialization trends in both Shatin and Tai Po seem to be primarily responsible for the changes in marine coastal water quality. | XUFu-liu K.C.LAM R.W.Dawson TAOShu Y.D.CHEN | 2004 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2004，16，1： | 4 |
| 5 | Thermodynamics of phenanthrene partition into solid organic matter from water显示文摘The thermodynamic behavior of organic contaminants in soils is essential to develop remediation technologies and assess risk from alternative technologies. Thermodynamics of phenanthrene partition into four solids(three soils and a bentonite) from water were investigated. The thermodynamics parameters(ΔH, ΔG o, ΔS o,) were calculated according to experimental data. The total sorption heats of phenanthrene to solids from water ranged from -7.93 to -17.1 kJ/mol, which were less exothermic than the condensation heat of phenanthrene-solid(i.e., -18.6 kJ/mol). The partition heats of phenanthrene dissolved into solid organic matter ranged from 23.1 to 32.2 kJ/mol, which were less endothermic than the aqueous dissolved heat of phenanthrene(i.e., 40.2 kJ/mol), and were more endothermic than the fusion heat of phenanthrene-solid(i.e., 18.6 kJ/mol). The standard free energy changes, ΔG o, are all negative which suggested that phenanthrene sorption into solid was a spontaneous process. The positive values of standard entropy changes, ΔS o, show a gain in entropy for the transfer of phenanthrene at the stated standard state. Due to solubility-enhancement of phenanthrene, the partition coefficients normalized by organic carbon contents decrease with increasing system temperature(i.e., lnK oc =-0.284lnS+9.82(n=4, r 2=0.992)). The solubility of phenanthrene in solid organic matter increased with increasing temperatures. Transports of phenanthrene in different latitude locations and seasons would be predicted according to its sorption thermodynamics behavior. | CHENBao-liang ZHULi-zhong TAOShu | 2005 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2005，17，2： | 1 |
| 6 | 显示文摘 | XUShang-ping TAOShu CAOJun etal(徐尚平 陶澍 曹军 等) | | 土壤通报0，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Characterization of Anabaena cylindrica Solution System Using Synchronous-Scan Fluorescence Spectroscopy显示文摘The characterization of the algae Anabaena cylindrica solution with Fe (Ⅲ) was investigated using fluorescence emission and synchronous\|scan spectroscopy. The ranges of concentrations of algae and Fe(Ⅲ) in aqueous solutions were 5.0×10 7 \|2.5×10 8 cell/L and 10\|60 μmol/L, respectively. The effective characterization method used was synchronous\|scan fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). The wavelength difference (Δ λ ) of 90 nm was maintained between excitation wavelength( λ ex ) and emission wavelength( λ em ). The peak was observed at about λ ex 236 nm / λ em 326 nm for synchronous\|scan fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence quenching in system of algae\|Fe(Ⅲ)\|HA was studied using synchronous\|scan spectroscopy for the first time. Fe(Ⅲ) was clearly the effective quencher. The relationship between I 0 /I (quenching efficiency) and c (concentration of Fe (Ⅲ) added) was a linear correlation for the algae solution with Fe(Ⅲ). Also, Aldrich humic acid (HA) was found to be an effective quencher. | LIUXian-li DENGNan-sheng TAOShu | 2005 | Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences2005，10，2： | 0 |
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