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| 1 | Climate Changes in the 21st Century over the Asia-Pacific Region Simulated by the NCAR CSM and PCM显示文摘The Climate System Model (CSM) and the Parallel Climate Model (PCM), two coupled global climate models without flux adjustments recently developed at NCAR, were used to simulate the 20th century climate using historical greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosol forcing. These simulations were extended through the 21st century under two newly developed scenarios, a business-as-usual case (BAU, CO2≈710 ppmv in 2100) and a CO2 stabilization case (STA550, CO2≈540 ppmv in 2100). The simulated changes in temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture over the Asia-Pacific region (10°-60°N, 55°-155°) are analyzed, with a focus on the East Asian summer monsoon rainfall and climate changes over the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Under the BAU scenario, both the models produce surface warming of about 3-5℃ in winter and 2-3℃ in summer over most Asia. Under the STA550 scenario, the warming is reduced by 0.5-1.0℃ in winter and by 0.5℃ in summer. The warming is fairly uniform at the low latitudes and does not induce significant changes in the zonal mean Hadley circulation over the Asia-Pacific do- main While the regional precipitation changes from single CSM integrations are noisy, the PCM ensemble mean precipitation shows 10%-30% increases north of ~ 30°N and~10% decreases south of ~ 30°N over the Asia-Pacific region in winter and 10%-20% increases in summer precipitation over most of the region. Soil moisture changes are small over most Asia The CSM single simulation suggests a 30% increase in river runoff into the Three Gorges Dam, but the PCM ensemble simulations show small changes in the | Aiguo Dai, G.A. Meehl, W.M. Washington, and T.M.L. Wigley National Center for Atmospheric Research P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 ) Email: adai@ ucar. edu The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the U S National Science Foundation. | 2001 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2001，18，5： | 9 |
| 2 | Individual differences in servant leadership: The roles of values and personality 显示文摘 | Washington R R Sutton C D Field H S | 2006 | Leadership &Organization Development Journal2006，27，8： | 1 |
| 3 | Trends in the use and capacity of California's emergency departments, 1990- 1999显示文摘 | Lambe S Washington DL Fink A | 2002 | Ann Emerg Med2002，39，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Prediction of preschool behavioral problems in healthy and pediatric samples 显示文摘 | Goldberg S Janus M Washington J | 1997 | J Dev Behav Pediatr1997，18，5： | 1 |
| 5 | The Composition of the Earth' s Crust显示文摘 | Clarke F W Washington H S | 1924 | U S Geological Survey Professional Paper1924，，： | 1 |
| 6 | The Composition of the Earth’s Crust显示文摘 | Clarke F W Washington H S | 1924 | The United States Geological Survey Professional Paper1924，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Analy-sis and design of doubly curved piezoelectric strip-actuated ap- erture antennas显示文摘 | YOON H S WASHINGTON G N THEUNISSEN W H | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 8 | The use of image analysis to characterize aggregates in a shear field 显示文摘 | Bower C Washington C Purewal T S | 1997 | Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects1997，，127： | 1 |
| 9 | Understanding the Fear of Bicycle Riding in Australia显示文摘 | Fishman E Washington S Haworth N | 2012 | Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety2012，23，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Reconfigurable contour beam reflector antennas using ad- justable subreflector and adjustable single feed显示文摘 | THEUNISSEN W H YOON H S WASHINGTON G N | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 11 | CDC2/CDK1 Expression in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma and Precursor Lesions Serves as a Diagnostic and Cancer Progression Marker and Potential Novel Drug Target显示文摘 | Donna E Hansel Surajit Dhara RuChih C Huang Raheela Ashfaq Mari Deasel Yutaka Shimada Harold S Bernstein John Harmon Malcolm Brock Arlene Forastiere M Kay Washington Anirban Maitra Elizabeth Montgomery | 2005 | The American Journal of Surgical Pathology2005，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Household type and structure, time-use pattern, and trip-chaining behavior显示文摘 | LEE Y HICKMAN M WASHINGTON S | 2007 | Transportation Research Part A2007，，41： | 1 |
| 13 | Transforming growth factor beta receptor type Ⅱ inactivation promotes the establish- ment and progression of colon cancer显示文摘 | Biswas S Chytil A Washington K | 2004 | Cancer Res2004，64，14： | 1 |
| 14 | The impact of fish oil on the chemopreventive efficacy of tamoxifen against develop ment of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced rat mammary carcinogenesis显示文摘 | Manni A Xu H Washington S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Bike Share' s Impact on Activity Travel: Evidence from the United States, Great Britain, and Australia显示文摘 | Fishman E Washington S Haworth N | 2015 | Journal of Transport & Health2015，2，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Modeling, Optimization, and Design of Efficient Initially Curved Piezoceramic Unimorphs for Energy Harvesting Application显示文摘 | Yoon H S Washington G Danak A | 2005 | Intelligent Material Systems and Structures2005，16，： | 1 |
| 17 | Stress ulcer prophylaxis: friend or foe?显示文摘 | Macdonald JJ Roberts JC Washington S | 2012 | Br J Hosp Med(Lond)2012，73，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Un- derstanding the Fear of Bicycle Riding in Australia显示文摘 | Fishman E Washington S Haworth N | 2012 | Journal of Australasian College of Road Safety2012，23，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Thermal stability of fluorocarbon emulsions that transport oxygen显示文摘 | JOHNSON O L WASHINGTON C Davis S S | 1990 | In J Pharm1990，59，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Modeling, Opti mization, and Design of Efficient Initially Curved Piezo- ceramic Unimorphs for Energy Harvesting Applications 显示文摘 | Yoon H S Washington G Danak A | 2005 | Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Struc-tures2005，16，10： | 1 |
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