| 1 | Arginase 2 negatively regulates sorafenib-induced cell death by mediating ferroptosis in melanoma显示文摘Ferroptosis,a newly defined and iron-dependent cell death,morphologically and biochemically differs from other cell deaths.Melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer,and the poor efficacy of current therapies causes a major increase in mortality.Sorafenib,a multiple kinase inhibitor,has been evaluated in clinical phase trials of melanoma patients,which shows modest efficacy.Emerging evidence has demonstrated that arginase 2(Arg2),type 2 of arginase,is elevated in various types of cancers including melanoma.To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Arg2 in sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in melanoma,reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,western blot analysis,adenovirus and lentivirus transduction,and in vivo tumor homograft model experiments were conducted.In this study,we show that sorafenib treatment leads to melanoma cell death and a decrease in Arg2 at both the mRNA and protein levels.Knockdown of Arg2 increases lipid peroxidation,which contributes to ferroptosis,and decreases the phosphorylation of Akt.In contrast,overexpression of Arg2 rescues sorafenib-induced ferroptosis,which is prevented by an Akt inhibitor.In addition,genetic and pharmacological suppression of Arg2 is able to ameliorate the anticancer activity of sorafenib in melanoma cells in vitro and in tumor homograft models.We also show that Arg2 suppresses ferroptosis by activating the Akt/GPX4 signaling pathway,negatively regulating sorafenib-induced cell death in melanoma cells.Our study not only uncovers a novel mechanism of ferroptosis in melanoma but also provides a new strategy for the clinical applications of sorafenib in melanoma treatment. | Yi Yu Yuanyuan Ren Caihua Wang Zhuozhuo Li Fanglin Niu Zi Li Qiang Ye Jiangxia Wang Yuan Yan Ping Liu Lu Qian Yuyan Xiong | 2022 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2022，54，11： | 0 |
| 2 | Efficacy and safety of acupoint application for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To use evidence-based medicine to explore the efficacy of acupoint application(AA) for allergic rhinitis(AR) at different time points and its safety. METHODS: We searched 7 databases(Pub Med, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and China Biology Medicine disc) as well as the international clinical trial registration platform from January 2010 to March 2020 for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing the efficacy of AA versus placebo, Western Medicine or other alternative therapies on AR. Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane handbook, and statistical analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3. Outcomes included the total effective rate, recurrence rate, total nasal symptom score(TNSS), visual analogue scale(VAS), quality of life measured by the Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ) or Short Form-36(SF-36), adverse events, and biomarkers including immunoglobulin E(Ig E), peripheral blood eosinophil count(EOS), interleukin-4(IL-4), and interferon gamma(INF-γ). RESULTS: Twenty-eight RCTs involving 3282 participants were included. The short-term and long-term efficacy of AA was significantly better than placebo, including better total effective rate [RR: 3.05, 95%CI(1.84, 5.07), after treatment;RR: 9.29, 95%CI(2.57, 33.66), at 6 months], lower recurrence rate [RR: 0.55, 95%CI(0.45, 0.66), at 6 months;RR: 0.65, 95%CI(0.57, 0.74), at 1 year], lower TNSS [MD:-3.09, 95%CI(-3.58,-2.61), after treatment], and lower RQLQ [MD:-14.79, 95%CI(-21.49,-8.10), after treatment;MD:-11.92, 95%CI(-17.40,-6.45), at 4-6 months]. Compared with Western Medicine, AA had better long-term total effective rate [RR: 1.33, 95%CI(1.05, 1.69), at 3 months;RR: 1.49, 95%CI 1.22 to 1.81, at 1 year) and lower recurrence rate [RR: 0.48, 95%CI(0.39, 0.58), at 6 months;RR: 0.45, 95%CI(0.33, 0.60), at 1 year]. AA had better long-term total effective rate versus acupuncture [RR: 2.06, 95% CI(1.28, 3.31), at 1 year] or oral Chinese medicine [RR: 1.21, 95% CI(1.09, 1.34), ≥ 6 months]. Both AA and Western Medicine can reduce serum levels of Ig E, EOS, and IL-4 after treatment. The main adverse event of AA was local skin reaction without systemic side effects. CONCLUSIONS: The short-term(within one month) and long-term(at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year) efficacy of acupoint application on AR was better than that of placebo. The long-term efficacy of acupoint application was superior to that of Western Medicine(at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year), oral Chinese medicine(at more than 6 months) and acupuncture(at 1 year). AA can reduce serum Ig E, EOS, and IL-4 level of AR patients in a short run. Acupoint application is safe, but severe skin reactions can reduce patient compliance. | SHEN Mengxia SHANG Wenfang WU Jiangxia YU Zelin XUAN Lihua | 2022 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2022，42，6： | 0 |
| 3 | Investigation and Analysis of Rational Drug Use of Residents in Changshou District of Chongqing, China显示文摘The objective of this study was to acquire the information about residents of Changshou District’s knowledge levels and their behaviors of drug use so that implementation strategies of rational drug use can be formulated accordingly to promote and spread health education of rational drug use.Online and offline surveys were randomly conducted about rational drug use conditions of residents in Changshou District by questionnaires.Online questionnaires were sent to residents of Changshou District by Wenjuanxing,a professional platform used for surveys.Offline questionnaires were mainly distributed to residents of communities in Changshou District.All the online and offline statistics were analyzed and counted.309 questionnaires were distributed(176 online questionnaires and 133 paper questionnaires),and the effective recovery rate was 75.4%.According to investigation and survey,conditions of resident’s rational drug use were optimistic.Only 8.15%of residents who participated in the survey(or research subjects)took paracetamol tablets and Vitamin C Yinqiao tablets(also known as VC Honeysuckle Pills)at the same time when they had a cold or fever.Among 8.15%of residents,5.15%frequently took paracetamol,caffeine,and aspirin powder(also known as headache powder),80.26%checked expiration date of drugs before taking medicine,and>50%knew that drinking after taking medicines such as cephalosporin is prohibited.Common irrational problems caused by drug use were as follows:40%of research subjects took dietary supplements as drugs and 28%of them failed to know the correct usage and dosage of drugs.Proportion of drugs that were taken with irrational usage and dosage was antibiotics(64%),antibacterial(52%),drugs for patients with diabetes mellitus(36%),drugs for patients with hyperlipidemia,hypertension,and hyperglycemia(32%),vitamins(24%),drugs for the treatment of common cold and cough(20%),and others.Publicity of rational drug use should not be restricted to specific population,and knowledge of safe drug use is supposed to be actively popularized.Contents of rational drug use are as follows:Guide the public to correctly understand the functions of vitamins and dietary supplements strengthen publicity of rational use of drugs such as antibiotics,antibacterial drugs,drugs for chronic diseases,cold,and cough.Focus should be given on usage and dosage of drugs,use of antibacterial drugs,and repeated and excessive use of drugs caused by joint use of drugs with same ingredients of OTC drugs for the treatment of common cold and cough. | Yu Jiangxia Fan Yongtong Wu Ruizhu Ji Huanhuan | 2018 | Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research2018，2，4： | 0 |
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