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| 1 | Role of frailty and sarcopenia in predicting outcomes among patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery显示文摘According to the United States census bureau 20% of Americans will be older than 65 years in 2030 and half of them will need an operation- equating to about 36 million older surgical patients. Older adults are prone to complications during gastrointestinal cancer treatment and therefore may need to undergo special pretreatment assessments that incorporate frailty and sarcopenia assessments. A focused, structured literature review on Pub Med and Google Scholar was performed to identify primary research articles, review articles, as well as practice guidelines on frailty and sarcopenia among patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. The initial search identified 450 articles; after eliminating duplicates, reports that did not include surgical patients, case series, as well as case reports, 42 publications on the impact of frailty and/or sarcopenia on outcome of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery were included. Frailty is defined as a clinically recognizable state of increased vulnerability to physiologic stressors resulting from aging. Frailty is associated with a decline in physiologic reserve and function across multiple physiologic systems. Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Unlike cachexia, which is typically associated with weight loss due to chemotherapy or a general malignancy-related cachexia syndrome, sarcopenia relates to muscle mass rather than simply weight. As such, while weight reflects nutritional status, sarcopenia- the loss of muscle mass- is a more accurate and quantitative global marker of frailty. While chronologic age is an important element in assessing a patient's peri-operative risk, physiologic age is a more important determinant of outcomes. Geriatric assessment tools are important components of the preoperative work-up and can help identify patients who suffer from frailty. Such data are important, as frailty and sarcopenia have repeatedly been demonstrated among the strongest predictors of both short- and longterm outcome following complicated surgical procedures such as esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and hepatopancreatico-biliary resections. | doris wagner mara mcadams demarco neda amini stefan buttner dorry segev faiz gani timothy m pawlik | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Sarcopenia and Mortality after Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | Michael J. Englesbe Shaun P. Patel Kevin He Raymond J. Lynch Douglas E. Schaubel Calista Harbaugh Sven A. Holcombe Stewart C. Wang Dorry L. Segev Christopher J. Sonnenday | 2010 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons2010，，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Frailty as a Predictor of Surgical Outcomes in Older Patients显示文摘 | Martin A. Makary Dorry L. Segev Peter J. Pronovost Dora Syin Karen Bandeen-Roche Purvi Patel Ryan Takenaga Lara Devgan Christine G. Holzmueller Jing Tian Linda P. Fried | 2010 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons2010，，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Factors Affecting Graft Survival After Liver Transplantation from Donation After Cardiac Death Donors显示文摘 | Kwang-Woong Lee Christopher E. Simpkins Robert A. Montgomery Jayme E. Locke Dorry L. Segev Warren R. Maley | 2006 | Transplantation2006，，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Impact of Donor Hepatitis C Virus Infection Status on Death and Need for Liver Transplant in Hepatitis C Virus–Positive Kidney Transplant Recipients显示文摘 | Lauren M. Kucirka Thomas G. Peters Dorry L. Segev | 2012 | American Journal of Kidney Diseases2012，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Declining Outcomes in Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Transplantation in the MELD Era: Ineffective Usage of Renal Allografts显示文摘 | Jayme E. Locke Daniel S. Warren Andrew L. Singer Dorry L. Segev Christopher E. Simpkins Warren R. Maley Robert A. Montgomery Gabriel Danovitch Andrew M. Cameron | 2008 | Transplantation2008，，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Cancer Risk After ABO-Incompatible Living-Donor Kidney Transplantation显示文摘 | Erin C. Hall Eric A. Engels Robert A. Montgomery Dorry L. Segev | 2013 | Transplantation Journal2013，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Estimates of Early Death, Acute Liver Failure, and Long-term Mortality Among Live Liver Donors显示文摘 | Abimereki D. Muzaale Nabil N. Dagher Robert A. Montgomery Sarah E. Taranto Maureen A. Mcbride Dorry L. Segev | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Declining Outcomes in Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Transplantation in the MELD Era: Ineffective Usage of Renal Allografts显示文摘 | Jayme E. Locke Daniel S. Warren Andrew L. Singer Dorry L. Segev Christopher E. Simpkins Warren R. Maley Robert A. Montgomery Gabriel Danovitch Andrew M. Cameron | 2008 | Transplantation2008，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | The Utility of TIPS in the Management of Budd-Chiari Syndrome显示文摘 | Ernesto P. Molmenti Dorry L. Segev Aravind Arepally Jenny Hong Paul J. Thuluvath Rudra Rai Andrew S. Klein | 2005 | Annals of Surgery2005，，6： | 1 |
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