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| 1 | Systematic review and meta-analysis of esophageal cancer in Africa:Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes显示文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer(EC)is associated with a poor prognosis,particularly so in Africa where an alarmingly high mortality to incidence ratio prevails for this disease.AIM To provide further understanding of EC in the context of the unique cultural and genetic diversity,and socio-economic challenges faced on the African continent.METHODS We performed a systematic review of studies from Africa to obtain data on epidemiology,risk factors,management and outcomes of EC.A non-systematic review was used to obtain incidence data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer,and the Cancer in Sub-Saharan reports.We searched EMBASE,PubMed,Web of Science,and Cochrane Central from inception to March 2019 and reviewed the list of articles retrieved.Random effects metaanalyses were used to assess heterogeneity between studies and to obtain odds ratio(OR)of the associations between EC and risk factors;and incidence rate ratios for EC between sexes with their respective 95%confidence intervals(CI).RESULTS The incidence of EC is higher in males than females,except in North Africa where it is similar for both sexes.The highest age-standardized rate is from Malawi(30.3 and 19.4 cases/year/100000 population for males and females,respectively)followed by Kenya(28.7 cases/year/100000 population for both sexes).The incidence of EC rises sharply after the age of 40 years and reaches a peak at 75 years old.Meta-analysis shows a strong association with tobacco(OR 3.15,95%CI:2.83-3.50).There was significant heterogeneity between studies on alcohol consumption(OR 2.28,95%CI:1.94-2.65)and on low socioeconomic status(OR 139,95%CI:1.25-1.54)as risk factors,but these could also contribute to increasing the incidence of EC.The best treatment outcomes were with esophagectomy with survival rates of 76.6%at 3 years,and chemo-radiotherapy with an overall combined survival time of 267.50 d.CONCLUSION Africa has high incidence and mortality rates of EC,with preventable and nonmodifiable risk factors.Men in this setting are at increased risk due to their higher prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption.Management requires a multidisciplinary approach,and survival is significantly improved in the setting of esophagectomy and chemoradiation therapy. | Akwi W Asombang Nathaniel Chishinga Alick Nkhoma Jackson Chipaila Bright Nsokolo Martha Manda-Mapalo Joao Filipe G Montiero Lewis Banda Kulwinder S Dua | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，31： | 9 |
| 2 | Autologous limbal transplantation in patients with unilateral corneal stem cell deficiency显示文摘 | Dua H S Azuara-Blanco A | 2000 | Br J Ophthalmol2000，84，3： | 1 |
| 3 | 查看详情显示文摘 | S R Surwade V Dua N Manohar | | 0，，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Effect of chromium on activities of hydrolytic enzymes in germinating pea seeds 显示文摘 | Dua A Sawhney S K | 1991 | Environal of Experimental Botany1991，31，： | 1 |
| 5 | Does previous varicose vein surgery al- ter deep vein thrombosis risk after lower limb arthroplasty 显示文摘 | Dua A Neiva S Sutherland A | 2012 | Orthop Surg2012，4，4： | 1 |
| 6 | 显示文摘 | Dua Y L Chena G Zhang M S | 2004 | Solid State Communications2004，131，： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of rice straw on the speciation of cadmium(Cd) and copper(Cu) in soils显示文摘 | CUI Y S DUA X WENG L P | 2008 | Geoderma2008，146，12： | 1 |
| 8 | F-18 Fluoride PET/CT in the detection of radiation-induced pelvic insufficiency fractures显示文摘 | Dua SG Purandare NC Shah S | 2011 | Clin Nucl Med2011，36，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Amniotic membrane transplantation for ocular surface reconstruction显示文摘 | Pillai C T Dua H S | 1999 | Br J Ophthalmol1999，83，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Wavelet-based energy features for glaucomatous image classification显示文摘 | Dua S Acharya U R Chowriappa P | 2012 | IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine2012，16，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Amniotic membrane transplantation for ocular surface reconstruction 显示文摘 | Azuara-Blanco A Pillai C T Dua H S | 1999 | Br J Ophthalmol1999，83，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Allethrin in the air during the use of a heated mosquito repellent mat 显示文摘 | Dua V K Gurwara R Sinha S N | 2005 | Bull Environ Contam Toxicol2005，75，： | 1 |
| 13 | Therole of noninvasive ventilation CPAP and BiPAP in the treatment of congestive heart failure显示文摘 | Stolt dua s | 2006 | Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing2006，25，2： | 1 |
| 14 | ART outcome in young women with premature ovarian aging 显示文摘 | Dua M Bhatia V Malik S | 2013 | Journal of mid-life health2013，4，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on foetal growth显示文摘 | Marya RK Rathee S Dua V | 1988 | Indian J Med Res1988，88，： | 1 |
| 16 | All-organic vapor,sensor using inkjet-printed reduced graphene oxide显示文摘 | Dua V Surwade S P Ammu S | 2010 | Angew Chem Int Ed2010，49，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Optical flow object detection, motion estimation, and tracking on moving vehicles using wavelet decompositions显示文摘 | Dessauer M P Dua S | 2010 | Proc SPIE2010，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Amniotic membrane transplantation for ocular surface reconstruction显示文摘 | Azuara B A Pillai C T Dua H S | 1999 | Br J Ophthalmol1999，83，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Chromism and molecular weight of polyaniline deriva- tives 显示文摘 | SURWADE S P AGNIHOTRA S R DUA V | 2009 | Synthetic Metals2009，159，： | 1 |
| 20 | Amniotic membrane transplantation显示文摘 | Dua S H Azuara-Blanco A | 1999 | Br J Ophthalmol1999，83，6： | 1 |
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