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| 1 | Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for gallstone disease显示文摘AIM: To establish an association between the presence of metabolic syndrome and the development of gallstone disease.METHOIDS: We carried out a cross-sectional study in a check-up unit in a university hospital in Mexico City. We enrolled 245 subjects, comprising 65 subjects with gallstones (36 women, 29 men) and 180 controls (79women and 101 men without gallstones). Body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma insulin, and serum lipids and lipoproteins levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment. Unconditional logistic regressionanalysis (univariate and multivariate) was used to calculate the risk of gallstone disease associated with the presence of at least three of the criteria (Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ). Analyses were adjusted for age and sex.RESULTS: Among 245 subjects, metabolic syndrome was present in 40% of gallstone disease subjects, compared with 17.2% of the controls, adjusted by age and gender (odds ratio (OR) = 2.79; 95%CI, 1.46-5.33; P = 0.002),a dose-dependent effect was observed with each component of metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.36, 95%CI, 0.72-7.71;P = 0.16 with one component and OR = 5.54, 95%CI,1.35-22.74; P = 0.02 with four components of metabolic syndrome). Homeostasis model assessment was significantly associated with gallstone disease (adjusted OR = 2.25;95%CI, 1.08-4.69; P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: We conclude that as for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, gallstone disease appears to be strongly associated with metabolic syndrome. | Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Norberto C. Chavez-Tapia Daniel Motola-Kuba Karla Sanchez-Lara Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez Héctor Baptista Martha H. Ramos Misael Uribe | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，11： | 32 |
| 2 | Diagnostic endoscopic ultrasonography:Assessment of safety and prevention of complications显示文摘Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has gained wide acceptance as an important, minimally invasive diagnostic tool in gastroenterology, pulmonology, visceral surgery and oncology. This review focuses on data regarding risks and complications of non-interventional diagnostic EUS and EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). Measures to improve the safety of EUS und EUS-FNB will be discussed. Due to the specific mechanical properties of echoendoscopes in EUS, there is a low but noteworthy risk of perforation. To minimize this risk, endoscopists should be familiar with the specific features of their equipment and their patients' specific anatomical situations (e.g., tumor stenosis, diverticula). Most diagnostic EUS complications occur during EUS-FNB. Pain, acute pancreatitis, infection and bleeding are the primary adverse effects, occurring in 1% to 2% ofpatients. Only a few cases of needle tract seeding and peritoneal dissemination have been reported. The mortality associated with EUS and EUS-FNB is 0.02%. The risks associated with EUS-FNB are affected by endoscopist experience and target lesion. EUS-FNB of cystic lesions is associated with an increased risk of infection and hemorrhage. Peri-interventional antibiotics are recommended to prevent cyst infection. Adequate education and training, as well consideration of contraindications, are essential to minimize the risks of EUS and EUS-FNB. Restricting EUS-FNB only to patients in whom the cytopathological results may be expected to change the course of management is the best way of reducing the number of complications. | Christian Jenssen Maria Victoria Alvarez-Sánchez Bertrand Napoléon Siegbert Faiss | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，34： | 33 |
| 3 | Ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation and modification:an emerging theme in plant-microbe interactions显示文摘translational 以后修正对蛋白质稳定性并且到蛋白质活动的调整中央。蛋白质修正的各种各样的类型例如 phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, myristoylation, glycosylation,和 ubiquitination,被报导了。在他们之中, ubiquitination 把自己与其它区分开来因为大多数 ubiquitinated 蛋白质为降级被指向到 26S proteasome。ubiquitin/26S proteasome 系统在房间组成主要蛋白质降级小径。在最近的年里,在众多的真核细胞的细胞的函数的控制的 ubiquitination 机械的重要性逐渐地被欣赏了。增加 E3 ubiquitin ligases 和他们的底层的数字,包括许多必要细胞的管理者被识别了。过去的几年里的研究表明了 ubiquitination 系统为大量植物是重要的发展过程和回答到不能生活、关於生命的压力。这评论从在植物微生物相互作用起重要作用的植物和病原体在联系 ubiquitination 的蛋白质的功能的分析讨论最近的进展。 | Li-Rong Zeng Miguel E Vega-Sánchez Tong Zhu Guo-Liang Wang | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，5： | 25 |
| 4 | Mechanical properties of the A356 aluminum alloy modified with La/Ce显示文摘The research of rare earths for the synthesis of materials with improved mechanical performance is of great interest when they are considered for potential applications in the automotive industry. In this regard, the effect on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the automotive A356 aluminum alloy reinforced with 0.2 (wt.%) Al-6Ce-3La (ACL) was investigated. The ACL was added to the melted A356 alloy in the as-received condition and processed by mechanical milling. In the second route, the effect of the ACL processed by mechanical milling and powder metallurgy techniques was investigated, and compared with the results obtained from the A356 alloy strengthened with ACL in the as-received condition. Microstructural properties were evaluated by means of X-ray diffraction in order to observe the solubility of Ce/La in the Al matrix. In addition, electron microscopy was employed in order to investigate the effect of milling time on the size and morphology of La/Ce phase under milling process. Mechanical properties of the A356 alloy modified with ACL were measured by hardness and tensile test. For comparison unmodified specimens of the A356 were characterized according to the previous procedure. The microstructural and mechanical characterization was carried out in specimens after solution and artificial aging. Observations in scanning electron microscopy indicated a homogeneous dispersion of La/Ce phases by using both routes; however, mechanical results, in the modified A356 alloy with the ACL in the as-received condition, showed an improvement in the mechanical performance of the A356 alloy over that reinforced with the ACL mechanically milled. | E. Aguirre-De la Torre R. Pérez-Bustamante J. Camarillo-Cisneros C.D. Gómez-Esparza H.M. Medrano-Prieto R. Martínez-Sánchez | 2013 | Journal of Rare Earths2013，31，8： | 25 |
| 5 | Platelet count/spleen diameter ratio to predict esophageal varices in Mexican patients with hepatic cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To validate whether the platelet count/spleen size ratio can be used to predict the presence of esophageal varices in Mexican patients with hepatic cirrhosis.METHODS:This was an analytical cross-sectional study to validate the diagnostic test for hepatic cirrhosis and was performed between February 2010 and December 2011.Patients with a diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis were included and stratified using their ChildPugh score.Biochemical parameters were evaluated,and ultrasound was used to measure the longest diameter of the spleen.The platelet count/spleen diameter ratio was calculated and analyzed to determine whether it can predict the presence of esophageal varices.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was used as the gold standard.Sensitivity and specificity,positive and negative predictive values,and positive and negative likelihood ratios were determined,with the cutoff points determined by receiver-operating characteristic curves.RESULTS:A total of 91 patients were included.The mean age was 53.75±12 years;50(54.9%)were men,and 41(45.0%)women.The etiology of cirrhosis included alcohol in 48(52.7%),virally induced in24(26.3%),alcoholism plus hepatitis C virus in three(3.2%),cryptogenic in nine(9.8%),and primary biliary cirrhosis in seven(7.6%).Esophageal varices were present in 73(80.2%)patients.Child-Pugh classification,17(18.6%)patients were classified as class A,37(40.6%)as class B,and 37(40.6%)as class C.The platelet count/spleen diameter ratio to detect esophageal varices independent of the grade showed using a cutoff value of≤884.3,had 84%sensitivity,70%specificity,and positive and negative predictive values of 94%and 40%,respectively.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that the platelet count/spleen diameter ratio may be a useful tool for detecting esophageal varices in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. | Alejandro González-Ojeda Gabino Cervantes-Guevara Manuela Chávez-Sánchez Carlos Dávalos-Cobián Susana Ornelas-Cázares Michel Dassaejv Macías-Amezcua Mariana Chávez-Tostado Kenia Militzi Ramírez-Campos Anaís del Rocío Ramírez-Arce Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，8： | 18 |
| 6 | 国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足感染诊断与治疗指南——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足防治国际指南(2019)》的一部分显示文摘国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)从1999年开始发布糖尿病足病防治指南。本指南是有关糖尿病足感染的诊断和治疗的指南,是在2015年糖尿病足感染指南基础上更新的。糖尿病足感染指南编辑委员会基于患者-干预-比较-结局(PICO)原则,整合内部与外部专家顾问的建议,并对2016年以后有关糖尿病足感染和处治的文献进行系统评价后,提出了27条推荐要点。这些推荐要点涵盖了软组织与骨组织感染的诊断,包括感染的严重性分级。这是IWGDF15年以来第一次对这个分级表进行更新。此外,指南还评估了糖尿病足感染的微生物学,包括如何收集标本及如何识别致病菌。最后,指南讨论了治疗糖尿病足感染的方法,包括经验性抗生素的选择、软组织和骨组织感染的抗微生物治疗、何时和如何进行外科处理以及各种辅助治疗对糖尿病足感染的有效性。本版指南在原指南的基础上更新了4个表格和1个图。我们认为该指南可以为糖尿病足感染的临床诊断和治疗提供更好的帮助。 | Benjamin A.Lipsky Eric Senneville Zulfqarali G.Abbas Javier Aragón-Sánchez Mathew Diggle John M.Embil Shigeo Kono Lawrence A.Lavery Matthew Malone Suzanne A.van Asten Vilma Urbancic-Rovan Edgar J.G.Peters 无 徐俊(译) 许樟荣(审校) | 2019 | 感染.炎症.修复2019，20，4： | 18 |
| 7 | Review of endoscopic radiofrequency in biliopancreatic tumours with emphasis on clinical benefits, controversies and safety显示文摘Most pancreatic cancers and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas are unresectable at the time of diagnosis, and even in case of a resectable cancer, for elderly or patients with coexistent comorbidities, surgery is not an option. Current treatment alternatives in these scenarios are very limited. Biliary stenting with selfexpanding metal stents(SEMS) is the mainstay palliative treatment of biliary obstruction due to unresectable pancreatic cancer or cholangiocarcinoma. Nevertheless, more than 50% of SEMS become occluded after 6 mo due to tumour over- and ingrowth, leading to hospital readmissions and reinterventions that significantly impair quality of life. Regimes of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy also provide minimal survival benefits. Therefore, novel therapies are eagerly awaited. Radiofrequency(RF) energy causes coagulative necrosis leading to local destruction of the accessed malignant tissue and has an established role in the treatment of malignancies in several solid organs, especially liver cancers. However, pancreatic and extrahepatic biliary cancers are not easily accessed by a percutaneous route, making the procedure dangerous. Over the past five years, the development of dedicated devices compatible with endoscopic instruments has offered a minimally invasive option for RF energy delivery in biliopancreatic cancers. Emerging experience with endoscopic RF ablation(RFA) in this setting has been reported in the literature, but little is known about its feasibility, efficacy and safety. A literature review makes it clear that RFA in biliopancreatic tumours is feasible with high rates of technical success and acceptable safety profile. Although available data suggest a benefit of survival with RFA, there is not enough evidence to draw a firm conclusion about its efficacy. For this reason, prospective randomized trials comparing RFA with standard palliative treatments with quality-of-life and survival endpoints are required. Anecdotal reportshave also highlighted a potential curative role of RFA in small pancreatic tumours and benign conditions, such as ductal extension of ampullomas, intrahepatic adenomas or non-tumoural biliary strictures. These newest indications also deserve further examination in larger series of studies. | María-Victoria Alvarez-Sánchez Bertrand Napoléon | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 16 |
| 8 | Platelet-rich plasma,an adjuvant biological therapy to assist peripheral nerve repair显示文摘Therapies such as direct tension-free microsurgical repair or transplantation of a nerve autograft,are nowadays used to treat traumatic peripheral nerve injuries(PNI),focused on the enhancement of the intrinsic regenerative potential of injured axons.However,these therapies fail to recreate the suitable cellular and molecular microenvironment of peripheral nerve repair and in some cases,the functional recovery of nerve injuries is incomplete.Thus,new biomedical engineering strategies based on tissue engineering approaches through molecular intervention and scaffolding offer promising outcomes on the field.In this sense,evidence is accumulating in both,preclinical and clinical settings,indicating that platelet-rich plasma products,and fibrin scaffold obtained from this technology,hold an important therapeutic potential as a neuroprotective,neurogenic and neuroinflammatory therapeutic modulator system,as well as enhancing the sensory and motor functional nerve muscle unit recovery. | Mikel Sánchez Ane Garate Diego Delgado Sabino Padilla | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，1： | 12 |
| 9 | Posterior approach (Kraske procedure) for surgical treatment of presacral tumors显示文摘Presacral tumors are rare,but can comprise a great variety of histological types.Congenital tumors are the most common.Once the diagnosis is established,surgical resection is essential because of the potential for malignancy or infection.Previous biopsy is not necessary or may be even harmful.To decide the best surgical approach(abdominal,sacral or combined) an individual and multidisciplinary analysis must be carried out.We report three cases of cystic presacral masses in which a posterior approach(Kraske procedure) enabled complete resection,the only way to decrease local recurrence.All patients had a satisfactory recovery.A brief overview of retrorectal tumors is presented,focusing on classification,clinical presentation,diagnosis and surgical management. | José Manuel Aranda-Narváez Antonio Jesús GonzálezSánchez Custodia Montiel-Casado Belinda Sánchez-Pérez Carolina Jiménez-Mazure Marta Valle-Carbajo Julio Santoyo-Santoyo | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2012，4，5： | 12 |
| 10 | Adiponectin as a protective factor in hepatic steatosis显示文摘AIM: Obesityand insulin resistance (IR) are closely related to hepatic steatosis (HS), and adiponectin is a hepatic insulin sensitizer that has important effects in liver function.This study aims at investigating the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and the presence of HS.METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study in a check-up unit of a University Hospital in Mexico City. We enrolled 196 subjects, comprising 98 subjects with HS (27 women, 71 men) and 98 controls (37 women and 61men). Anthropometric, metabolic and biochemical variables were measured in the two groups. Serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were determined,their association with grade of HS tested, and concentrations,according to quartiles, compared between cases and controls. χ2 analysis for linear trends was used to test for a dose-response relationship and logistic regression analysis was conducted to test for a protective effect of adiponectin.RESULTS: The HS subjects were older and more obese than controls, with a central obesity pattern. In the fourth quartile of adiponectin concentrations, HS was less common and severe. In a multivariate model of the fourth quartile of the adiponectin concentrations, we observed a protective effect (OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.04-0.67, P= 0.01).In subjects with more severe HS, we observed higher leptin concentrations, and caloric intakes, total fat and iron consumption were higher than in controls.CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that a high serum concentration of adiponectin is associated with a protective effect against HS. | Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Norberto C.Chávez-Tapia Antonio R.Villa Karla Sánchez-Lara Daniel Zamora-Valdés Martha H.Ramos Misael Uribe | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，12： | 12 |
| 11 | Serum leptin levels and insulin resistance are associated with gallstone disease in overweight subjects显示文摘AIM: To establish an association between the serum leptin levels and the development of gallstone disease (GD).METHODS: We carried out a non-matched case-controlled study in a university hospital in Mexico City. Two hundred and eighty-seven subjects were included: 97 cases with gallstones and 190 controls. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma leptin, insulin, serum lipid, and lipoprotein levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Unconditional logistic regression analysis (univariate and multivariate)stratified by BMI was used to calculate the risk of GD.RESULTS: The multivariate conditional regression analysis revealed a model for those patients with BMI <30. The selected variables in the model were HOMA-IR index with OR = 1.31, P= 0.02 and leptin higher than median with OR = 2.11, P= 0.05. In the stratum of BMI ≥30, we did not find a useful model.CONCLUSION: We concluded that insulin resistance and the development of GD appears to be associated with serum leptin levels in subjects with overweight, but not in obese subjects with similar metabolic profiles. | Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Luisa B Bermejo-Martínez Yolanda Vi(n|~)als Norberto C Chavez-Tapia Irina Vander Graff Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez Martha H Ramos Misael Uribe | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，39： | 11 |
| 12 | Colorectal peritoneal metastases:Optimal management review显示文摘The peritoneum is a common site of dissemination for colorrectal cancer, with a poorer prognosis than other sites of metastases. In the last two decades, it has been considered as a locoregional disease progression and treated as such with curative intention treatments. Cytoreductive surgery(CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC) is the actual reference treatment for these patients as better survival results have been reached as compared to systemic chemotherapy alone, but its therapeutic efficacy is still under debate. Actual guidelines recommend that the management of colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases should be led by a multidisciplinary team carried out in experienced centers and consider CRS + HIPEC for selected patients. Accumulative evidence in the last three years suggests that this is a curative treatment that may improve patients disease-free survival, decrease the risk of recurrence, and does not increase the risk of treatment-related mortality. In this review we aim to gather the latest results from referral centers and opinions from experts about the effectiveness and feasibility of CRS + HIPEC for treating peritoneal disease from colorectal malignancies. | Juan Manuel Sánchez-Hidalgo Lidia Rodríguez-Ortiz Alvaro Arjona-Sánchez Sebastián Rufián-Pena Angela Casado-Adam Antonio Cosano-Alvarez Javier Briceno-Delgado | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，27： | 11 |
| 13 | Mitochondrial protection by low doses of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰin experimental cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To characterize the mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental cirrhosis and to study whether insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) therapy (4 wk) is able to induce beneficial effects on damaged mitochondria leading to cellular protection. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control group, untreated cirrhotic rats and cirrhotic rats treated with IGF-Ⅰtreatment (2 μg/100 g bw/d). Mitochondrial function was analyzed by flow cytometry in isolated hepatic mitochondria, caspase 3 activation was assessed by Western blot and apoptosis by TUNEL in the three experimental groups. RESULTS: Untreated cirrhotic rats showed a mitochon- drial dysfunction characterized by a significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (in status 4 and 3); an increase of intramitochondrial reactive oxigen species (ROS) generation and a significant reduction of ATPase activity. IGF-Ⅰtherapy normalized mitochondrial func-tion by increasing the membrane potential and ATPase activity and reducing the intramitochondrial free radical production. Activity of the electron transport complexes Ⅰand Ⅲ was increased in both cirrhotic groups. In addition, untreated cirrhotic rats showed an increase of caspase 3 activation and apoptosis. IGF-Ⅰtherapy reduced the expression of the active peptide of caspase 3 and resulted in reduced apoptosis. | Raquel Pérez María García-Fernández Matías Díaz-Sánchez Juan E Puche Gloria Delgado Marian Conchillo Jordi Muntané Inma Castilla-Cortázar | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 11 |
| 14 | Gallstone ileus,clinical presentation,diagnostic and treatment approach显示文摘Gallstone ileus is a mechanical intestinal obstruction due to gallstone impaction within the gastrointestinal tract. Less than 1% of cases of intestinal obstruction are derived from this etiology. The symptoms and signs of gallstone ileus are mostly nonspecific. This entity has been observed with a higher frequency among the elderly, the majority of which have concomitant medical illness. Cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases should be considered as they may affect the prognosis. Surgical relief of gastrointestinal obstruction remains the mainstay of operative treatment. The current surgical procedures are:(1) simple enterolithotomy;(2) enterolithotomy, cholecystectomy and fistula closure(one-stage procedure); and(3) enterolithotomy with cholecystectomy performed later(two-stage procedure). Bowel resection is necessary in certain cases after enterolithotomy is performed. Large prospective laparoscopic and endoscopic trials are expected. | carlos m nuno-guzmán maría eugenia marín-contreras mauricio figueroa-sánchez jorge l corona | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，1： | 11 |
| 15 | Nat Biotechnol:将人星形胶质细胞重编程为多巴胺能神经元,有助治疗帕金森病显示文摘帕金森病是一种主要影响运动系统的神经退行性疾病。它的特征在于大脑中的多巴胺能神经元(dopaminergic neuron)渐进性丧失。尽管当前的疗法旨在补充多巴胺水平,但是没有一种疗法能够恢复这些丢失的细胞。如今。在一项新的研究中,来自瑞典、奥地利、西班牙和美国的研究人员开发出一种方法:将神经胶质细胞(glialcell)转化为活性的多巴胺能神经元,并且所产生的多巴胺能神经元能够部分恢复帕金森病模式小鼠的运动功能。这项概念验证研究可能为开发出一种治疗这种疾病的新方法铺平道路。 | Pia Rivetti di Val Cervo, Elisa Martín-Montañez, Enrique M Toledo, Gioele La Manno, Sara Padrell Sánchez, Sten Linnarsson Ernest Arenas Roman A Romanov, Christian Pifl Tibor Harkany Roman A Romanov, Giada Spigolon, Débora Masini, Michael Feyder, Tibor Harkany Gilberto Fisone Elisa Martín-Montañez Yi-Han Ng Marius Wernig | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，17： | 11 |
| 16 | Acute necrotizing pancreatitis: Surgical indications and technical procedures显示文摘Necrosis of pancreatic parenchyma or extrapancreatic tissues is present in 10%-20% of patients with acute pancreatitis, defining the necrotizing presentation frequently associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. During the initial phase of acute necrotizing pancreatitis the most important pillars of medical treatment are fluid resuscitation, early enteral nutrition, endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography if associated cholangitis and intensive care unit support. When infection of pancreatic or extrapancreatic necrosis occurs, surgical approach constitutes the most accepted therapeutic option. In this context, we have recently assited to changes in time for surgery(delaying the indication if possible to around 4 wk to deal with 'walledoff' necrosis) and type of access for necrosectomy: from a classical open approach(with closure over large-bore drains for continued postoperative lavage or semiopen techniques with scheduled relaparotomies), trends have changed to a 'step-up' philosophy with initial percutaneous drainage and posterior minimally invasive or endoscopic access to the retroperitoneal cavity for necrosectomy if no improvement has been previously achieved. These approaches are progressively gaining popularity and morbidity and mortality rates have decreased significantly. Therefore, a staged, multidisciplinary, step-up approach with minimally invasive or endoscopic access for necrosectomy is widely accepted nowadays for management of pancreatic necrosis. | José Manuel Aranda-Narváez Antonio Jesús González-Sánchez María Custodia Montiel-Casado Alberto Titos-García Julio Santoyo-Santoyo | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2014，2，12： | 10 |
| 17 | Protective effect of some vitamins against the toxic action of ethanol on liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy in rats显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of vitamins (A, C and E) on liver injury induced by ethanol administration during liver regeneration in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy were divided into five groups (groups 1-5). During the experiment, animals of Group 1 drank only water. The other four groups (2-5) drank 30 mL of ethanol/L of water. Group 3 additionally received vitamin A, those of group 4 vitamin C and those of group 5 received vitamin E. Subsequently serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin and bilirubin were measured colorimetrically. Lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances, TBARS) both in plasma and liver was measured, as well as liver mass gain assessment and total DNA. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, serum AST and ALT increased significantly under ethanol treatment (43% and 93%, respectively, with P < 0.05). Vitamin C and vitamin E treatment attenuated the ethanol-induced increases in ALT and AST activity. Ethanol treatment also decreased serum albumin concentration compared to sham group (3.1 ± 0.4 g/dL vs 4.5 ± 0.2 g/dL; P < 0.05). During liver regeneration vitamins C and E significantly ameliorated liver injury for ethanol administration in hepatic lipid peroxidation (4.92 nmol/mg and 4.25 nmol/mg vs 14.78 nmol/mg, respectively, with P < 0.05). In association with hepatic injury, ethanol administration caused a significant increase in both hepatic and plasma lipid peroxidation. Vitamins (C and E) treatment attenuated hepatic and plasma lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION: Vitamins C and E protect against liver injury and dysfunction, attenuate lipid peroxidation, and thus appear to be significantly more effective than vitamin A against ethanol-mediated toxic effects during liver regeneration. | Carlett Ramírez-Farías Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán José Gutiérrez-Salinas Nidia Rodríguez-Sánchez Maricela Martínez-Cruz Ilse Valle-Jones Ingrid Gramlich-Martínez Alejandra Hernández-Ceruelos José A Morales-González | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，6： | 8 |
| 18 | Growth factor-and cytokine-driven pathways governing liver stemness and differentiation显示文摘Liver is unique in its capacity to regenerate in response to injury or tissue loss. Hepatocytes and other liver cells are able to proliferate and repopulate the liver. However, when this response is impaired, the contribution of hepatic progenitors becomes very relevant. Here, we present an update of recent studies on growth factors and cytokine-driven intracellular pathways that govern liver stem/pro-genitor cell expansion and differentiation, and the rel-evance of these signals in liver development, regeneration and carcinogenesis. Tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, in particular, c-Met, epidermal growth factor receptors or fibroblast growth factor receptors, contribute to prolifera-tion, survival and differentiation of liver stem/progenitor cells. Different evidence suggests a dual role for the trans-forming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway in liver stemness and differentiation. On the one hand, TGF-βmediates progression of differentiation from a progenitor stage, but on the other hand, it contributes to the expan-sion of liver stem cells. Hedgehog family ligands are nec-essary to promote hepatoblast proliferation but need to be shut off to permit subsequent hepatoblast differentiation. In the same line, the Wnt family and β-catenin/T-cell fac-tor pathway is clearly involved in the maintenance of liver stemness phenotype, and its repression is necessary for liver differentiation during development. Collectively, data indicate that liver stem/progenitor cells follow their own rules and regulations. The same signals that are essential for their activation, expansion and differentiation are good candidates to contribute, under adequate conditions, to the paradigm of transformation from a pro-regenerative to a pro-tumorigenic role. From a clinical perspective, this is a fundamental issue for liver stem/progenitor cell-based therapies. | Aránzazu Sánchez Isabel Fabregat | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，41： | 7 |
| 19 | Peritoneal metastases of colorectal origin treated by cytoreduction and HIPEC: An overview显示文摘Colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis was considered a terminal condition with a merely palliative treatment that included only supportive care, palliative surgery and the best systemic chemotherapy. Since the birth of a new approach, cytoreductive surgery with peritonectomy procedures together with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and/or early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis, many research groups contributed with promising results using this procedure being up to date this strategy the only one that has shown curative benefits on colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis achieving reported overall survival rates up to 64 mo and fiveyear survival rates up to 51%. The aim of this paper is to expose an updated overview of the therapeutic possibilities of these procedures in colorectal peritoneal metastases in the same way that our Unit of Oncologic Surgery has performed since 1997 with more than four hundred procedures. | Alvaro Arjona-Sánchez Francisco Javier Medina-Fernández Francisco Cristobal Mu?oz-Casares Angela Casado-Adam Juan Manuel Sánchez-Hidalgo Sebastián Rufián-Pe?a | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2014，6，10： | 7 |
| 20 | Intestinal bile acid physiology and pathophysiology显示文摘Bile acids (BAs) have a long established role in fat digestion in the intestine by acting as tensioactives, due to their amphipatic characteristics. BAs are reabsorbed very efficiently by the intestinal epithelium and recycled back to the liver via transport mechanisms that have been largely elucidated. The transport and synthesis of BAs are tightly regulated in part by specific plasma membrane receptors and nuclear receptors. In addition to their primary effect, BAs have been claimed to play a role in gastrointestinal cancer, intestinal inflammation and intestinal ionic transport. BAs are not equivalent in any of these biological activities, and structural requirements have been generally identified. In particular, some BAs may be useful for cancer chemoprevention and perhaps in inflammatory bowel disease, although further research is necessary in this field. This review covers the most recent developments in these aspects of BA intestinal biology. | Olga Martínez-Augustin Fermín Sánchez de Medina | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，37： | 7 |
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