|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | SNP分子标记在作物品种鉴定中的应用和展望显示文摘单核苷酸多态性(SNP)作为最新一代遗传分子标记,已广泛应用于生物各研究领域。本文围绕SNP分子标记的开发和检测以及在作物品种鉴定中的应用展开阐述。目前SNP的开发主要有基于公共数据库和测序两种途径,检测方法从以凝胶电泳为基础的传统检测向高通量自动化的新检测技术发展。在品种鉴定中,对于大样本群体和多SNP检测位点的作物,建议使用基因芯片或基因测序分型(GBS)技术;对于小样本群体和少SNP检测位点的作物,则通过竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)和高分辨率熔解曲线(HRM)分型技术实现更加灵活高效低成本的检测。 | 王富强 樊秀彩 张颖 刘崇怀 姜建福 | 2020 | 植物遗传资源学报2020，21，5： | 35 |
| 2 | Wheat breeding in northern China: Achievements and technical advances显示文摘Common wheat is the major cereal crop that underpins the food safety of China. Both winter wheat and spring wheat are grown on ~24 million ha. This review aims to summarize the current status of wheat production and breeding progress in the northern wheat production areas of the country, and to review recently advanced technologies being applied in wheat breeding, including the use of dwarf-male-sterile(DMS) wheat, speed breeding and specialized wheat breeding SNP chips. Crossing is the initial step in most breeding programs. DMS wheat is a convenient tool for large scale production of hybrid seed. Speed breeding or accelerated generation turnover attempts to reduce the time taken in cultivar development. Several different SNP chips are high-throughput, genome-wide genotyping platforms for breeding and research. | Hongjie Li Yang Zhou Wenli Xin Yiqin Wei Junling Zhang Lilei Guo | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，6： | 16 |
| 3 | KASP标记技术在主要农作物中的应用及展望显示文摘随着基因测序技术的发展,植物基因组数据越来越丰富,其中的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)数据由于具有高密度、高通量和易于自动化分析等特点而被广泛用于分子标记的开发和应用。竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(kompetitive allele-specific PCR,KASP)技术是近些年来发展起来的一种主要基于SNP的高通量基因分型技术。该技术由于其高通量、低成本和可操作性强等优点而在农作物性状改良等领域具有很大的应用潜力。本文介绍了KASP技术的发展、原理和方法步骤,综述了该技术在主要农作物的种质资源鉴定、分子标记辅助育种、基因定位和种子纯度鉴定等遗传育种中的应用,并讨论了该技术的优缺点,以期为今后农作物育种研究提供参考依据。 | 杨青青 唐家琪 张昌泉 高继平 刘巧泉 | 2022 | 生物技术通报2022，38，4： | 13 |
| 4 | 普通小麦根系建成相关性状的全基因组关联分析显示文摘根系建成(RSA,Root system architecture)决定根系系统的构成,在作物生长发育过程中起着不可替代的作用。解析小麦根系建成遗传机制、选育具有较好根系建成的品种对于小麦高产、抗逆育种具有十分重要的意义。全基因组关联分析(GWAS)是解析小麦复杂数量遗传性状遗传机制的有效方法。本研究基于全基因组关联分析方法,发掘根系建成相关性状关联位点,以期为小麦根系建成分子育种提供参考。对160份来自于河南和山东等地的小麦品种根系建成相关性状(总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、平均根直径和根尖数)进行统计评价,并结合660K SNP芯片数据进行全基因组关联分析。检测到23个关联位点,分布于1A、2A、2B、3B、4A、5A、5B、5D、6A、6B和7B染色体上,解释7.2%~12.8%的表型变异。其中,11个位点与已报道的位点一致,其他12个位点为新的位点。本研究对于解析根系建成遗传机制,选育高产、抗逆小麦品种具有重要意义。 | 陈贵菊 靳义荣 刘彩云 贾德新 樊庆琦 刘金栋 刘鹏 | 2020 | 植物遗传资源学报2020，21，4： | 12 |
| 5 | 广东柑橘品种改良研究进展显示文摘我国是重要的柑橘原产地之一,现有栽培面积和产量居世界首位。广东的气候和地理条件非常适宜柑橘生产,栽培历史悠久,主栽品种多为地方品种,产业特色明显,产业规模居全国前列。然而,目前柑橘生产上存在主栽品种品质退化、成熟期集中、品种结构不甚合理、品种改良滞后等问题,制约着广东柑橘产业健康发展。广东柑橘种质资源丰富,开展种质资源多样性分析评价,综合运用常规育种方法与生物技术手段,培育高产、抗逆、不同成熟期的优质新品种,是新时期广东柑橘产业持续稳定发展的基础。据不完全统计,广东共选育出金葵蜜橘、无籽砂糖橘、少核贡柑等33个柑橘新品种,品种不断更新换代,为全省柑橘产业发展和品种结构调整提供了有力支撑。回顾了广东柑橘产区分布情况和品种结构调整概况,介绍了广东柑橘种质资源多样性以及柑橘品种改良的主要方法,总结了广东柑橘新品种选育成绩,提出了广东柑橘品种改良中的存在问题,并进一步探讨了今后广东柑橘品种改良的方向。 | 朱从一 马静 吴文 张瑞敏 黄永敬 曾继吾 | 2020 | 广东农业科学2020，47，11： | 9 |
| 6 | 油菜抗低温的评价指标与分子生理机制研究进展显示文摘油菜是我国种植面积最大的油料作物。低温胁迫是限制其生产、影响其种植区域的主要因素之一。本文综述了在植株形态水平、生理水平评价油菜低温抗性的指标,系统总结了已经初步揭示的油菜低温胁迫应答机制,介绍了低温抗性品种选育的进程,讨论了关联分析与多组学技术在油菜低温胁迫相关研究中的应用前景,这些研究为挖掘更多低温抗性资源,深入解析油菜低温应答的分子调控机理提供了理论依据。 | 吕艳 黄涌 邹锡玲 罗丹 王小燕 鲍五洲 陈建军 马海清 程勇 | 2020 | 中国油料作物学报2020，42，4： | 9 |
| 7 | 基于KASP标记的葡萄品种鉴定显示文摘【目的】开发一组能够区分中国主栽葡萄品种的竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)分子标记,为中国葡萄品种保护、品种登记和市场维权等提供技术支撑。【方法】基于前人筛选的60个葡萄高多态性SNP位点,转化为KASP标记。分别使用23份代表性品种和76份主要栽培品种对转化成功的KASP标记进行初筛、复筛、验证,获得一组高质量的KASP标记,并用于构建76份葡萄品种的DNA指纹图谱。【结果】60个SNP位点有3个不具备基因组特异性,6个无法设计KASP-PCR引物,最终51个SNP成功转化为KASP标记,转化率达到89.47%。利用LGC-SNPline平台对23份代表性品种进行基因分型,51个KASP标记全部成功分型。基于次要等位基因频率(MAF)大于0.25、多态性信息含量(PIC)大于0.35、缺失率小于0.2、杂合率小于0.6等参数,初步筛选出27个优质KASP标记。使用构建指纹图谱的76份品种复筛出22个高质量KASP标记。22个KASP标记的缺失率均小于0.12,PIC均大于0.3,杂合率在0.4-0.6的标记占77.27%,MAF大于0.3的标记占95.45%。此外,利用这22个标记对同一品种不同树体提取的23份代表性品种的DNA扩增检测,前后两次检测分型结果稳定一致,表明这22个标记具有较好的重复性和稳定性。进一步将基于22个标记获得的76份葡萄品种分型结果转化为二元编码数据,得到76份葡萄品种的指纹图谱。经邻接聚类分析和群体结果分析,可将76份葡萄品种分为3类,并能正确区分二倍体和多倍体。仅用10个标记(VIT_15_18567587、VIT_6_4258638、VIT_8_3320936、VIT_12_(2)2228357、VIT_11_19390306、VIT_16_17950801、VIT_18_11138668、VIT_12_739916、VIT_16_13454358、VIT_16_(2)1202286)就能区分70份品种,其中有54份品种达到品种鉴定的标准(差异位点数≥2)。【结论】从60个葡萄SNP中成功转化51个KASP标记,并筛选出22个高质量KASP标记,构建了76份葡萄品种的SNP指纹图谱,首次验证了KASP技术在我国葡萄品种鉴定中的可行性。 | 王富强 张建 温常龙 樊秀彩 张颖 孙磊 刘崇怀 姜建福 | 2021 | 中国农业科学2021，54，13： | 9 |
| 8 | From Green Super Rice to green agriculture:Reaping the promise of functional genomics research显示文摘Producing sufficient food with finite resources to feed the growing global population while having a smaller impact on the environment has always been a great challenge.Here,we review the concept and practices of Green Super Rice(GSR)that have led to a paradigm shift in goals for crop genetic improvement and models of food production for promoting sustainable agriculture.The momentous achievements and global deliveries of GSR have been fueled by the integration of abundant genetic resources,functional gene discoveries,and innovative breeding techniques with precise gene and whole-genome selection and efficient agronomic management to promote resource-saving,environmentally friendly crop production systems.We also provide perspectives on new horizons in genomic breeding technologies geared toward delivering green and nutritious crop varieties to further enhance the development of green agricul-ture and better nourish the world population. | Sibin Yu Jauhar Ali Shaochuan Zhou Guangjun Ren Huaan Xie Jianlong Xu Xinqiao Yu Fasong Zhou Shaobing Peng Liangyong Ma Dingyang Yuan Zefu Li Dazhou Chen Ruifeng Zheng Zhigang Zhao Chengcai Chu Aiqing You Yu Wei Susong Zhu Qiongyao Gu Guangcun He Shigui Li Guifu Liu Changhua Liu Chaopu Zhang Jinghua Xiao Lijun Luo Zhikang Li Qifa Zhang | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，1： | 6 |
| 9 | 普通小麦氮素利用效率相关性状全基因组关联分析显示文摘氮元素在粮食作物生长和发育过程起着不可替代的作用。发掘氮素利用效率相关基因对于提升小麦产量、减少环境污染具有重要意义。植株根系构型(root system architecture,RSA)代表着根系的结构及空间造型,显著受氮素水平影响。本研究在正常供氮和缺氮两种氮素水平下,对160份来自黄淮冬麦区和北部冬麦区普通小麦品系的根系构型相关性状(总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、平均根直径和根尖数)进行统计,并结合小麦660K SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)芯片基因分型数据对根系相关性状的相对值进行全基因组关联分析,以期发掘氮素利用效率相关位点。本研究检测到34个与氮素利用效率显著关联的SNP位点,可解释6.9%~15.4%的表型变异。关联位点在所有染色体均有分布,主要集中于1A、2B、3B、5B、6A、6B和7A染色体。11个位点与已报道位点重叠或接近,其他23个位点可能为新的位点。另外,在3B染色体上发现一个编码E3泛素连接酶的候选基因。 | 靳义荣 刘金栋 刘彩云 贾德新 刘鹏 王雅美 | 2021 | 作物学报2021，47，3： | 6 |
| 10 | 基于90K芯片SNP标记的小麦遗传图谱构建及抗纹枯病QTL定位显示文摘为挖掘定位小麦抗纹枯病QTL,以莱州953×山农辐63的F_(2∶3)为作图群体,用Illumina Wheat 90K芯片检测F_2单株的基因型,并用QTL IciMapping 4.1软件绘制该群体的遗传连锁图谱;在自然发病条件下,鉴定分离群体的抗、感表型,利用QTL IciMapping 4.1进行抗纹枯病QTL定位分析。结果表明,构建的小麦遗传连锁图谱包含21个连锁群,覆盖了小麦的21条染色体,图谱总长度5 528.12 cM,平均图距5.25 cM;共检测到6个分布于小麦1A、1B、2A、3A、7A和7D染色体上的加性QTL位点,单个QTL的贡献率为3.24%~10.37%。该结果可为小麦抗纹枯病QTL精细定位与相关基因克隆奠定基础,也为小麦抗纹枯病分子标记辅助选择育种提供了理论依据。 | 崔德周 李永波 樊庆琦 隋新霞 黄承彦 楚秀生 | 2019 | 山东农业科学2019，51，2： | 5 |
| 11 | 普通小麦抗倒伏相关性状的全基因组关联分析显示文摘解析小麦抗倒伏遗传机制,发掘抗倒伏位点,选育抗倒伏品种,对于保障我国粮食生产安全具有重要意义。周8425B是我国黄淮麦区重要的小麦骨干亲本,农艺性状优良,其衍生品种具有较好的抗倒伏特性。本研究对周8425B及其衍生品种等62份材料的8个抗倒伏相关性状进行评价,并结合50K SNP芯片数据进行全基因组关联分析(GWAS,genome-wide association analysis)。共计检测到226个显著关联SNP标记,分布于21条染色体的42个位点上,分别解释7.0%~18.8%的表型变异。其中,14个位点与已报道的位点一致,其他28个位点为新的位点。另外,还鉴定到3个候选基因(TraesCS5B01G555800、TraesCS3A01G496400和TraesCS6B01G225400),分别编码E3-泛素蛋白连接酶、纤维素合酶和细胞分裂蛋白酶。本研究对于小麦品种抗倒伏性状改良具有参考价值。 | 于海飞 杜晓宇 殷贵鸿 邹少奎 李楠 张倩 吕永军 王丽娜 王雅美 韩玉林 | 2022 | 植物遗传资源学报2022，23，1： | 5 |
| 12 | 植物工厂水稻快速繁育技术探究显示文摘种业被认为是粮食的“芯片”,事关国家粮食安全。水稻是中国第一大口粮作物,全国60%以上的人口以稻米为主食。在大田栽培条件下水稻的生育期一般为120~160天,常规育种方法一年仅可加代2~3代,水稻新品种选育周期长、效率低,严重影响了水稻育种效率[1]。因此,提升水稻育种方法、加快优良品种培育对保障国家粮食安全具有重要战略意义[2]。 | 卞中华 李宗耕 王森 杨其长 | 2022 | 农业工程技术2022，42，19： | 5 |
| 13 | Development of high-resolution multiple-SNP arrays for genetic analyses and molecular breeding through genotyping by target sequencing and liquid chip显示文摘Genotyping platforms,as critical supports for genomics,genetics,and molecular breeding,have been well implemented at national institutions/universities in developed countries and multinational seed companies that possess high-throughput,automatic,large-scale,and shared facilities.In this study,we integrated an improved genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system with capture-in-solution(liquid chip)technology to develop a multiple single-nucleotide polymorphism(mSNP)approach in which mSNPs can be captured from a single amplicon.From one 40K maize mSNP panel,we developed three types of markers(40K mSNPs,251K SNPs,and 690K haplotypes),and generated multiple panels with various marker densities(1K–40K mSNPs)by sequencing at different depths.Comparative genetic diversity analysis was performed with genic versus intergenic markers and di-allelic SNPs versus non-typical SNPs.Compared with the one-amplicon-one-SNP system,mSNPs and within-mSNP haplotypes are more powerful for genetic diversity detection,linkage disequilibrium decay analysis,and genome-wide association studies.The technologies,protocols,and application scenarios developed for maize in this study will serve as a model for the development of mSNP arrays and highly efficient GBTS systems in animals,plants,and microorganisms. | Zifeng Guo Quannv Yang Feifei Huang Hongjian Zheng Zhiqin Sang Yanfen Xu Cong Zhang Kunsheng Wu Jiajun Tao Boddupalli MPrasanna Michael SOlsen Yunbo Wang Jianan Zhang Yunbi Xu | 2021 | Plant Communications2021，2，6： | 5 |
| 14 | Haplotype variations in QTL for salt tolerance in Chinese wheat accessions identified by marker-based and pedigree-based kinship analyses显示文摘Most modern wheat cultivars were selected on the basis of yield-related indices measured under optimal fertilizer and irrigation inputs.With climate change,land degradation and salinity caused by sea water encroachment,wheat is increasingly subjected to environmental stress.Moreover,expanding urbanization increasingly encroaches upon prime agricultural land in countries like China,and alternative cropping areas must be found.Some of these areas have moderate constraining factors,such as salinity.Therefore,it is important to investigate whether current genetic materials and breeding procedures are maintaining adequate variability to address future problems caused by abiotic stress.In this study,a panel of 307 wheat accessions,including local landraces,exotic cultivars used in Chinese breeding programs and Chinese cultivars released during different periods since1940,were subjected to a genome-wide association study to dissect the genetic basis of salinity tolerance.Both marker-based and pedigree-based kinship analyses revealed that favorable haplotypes were introduced in some exotic cultivars as well as a limited number of Chinese landraces from the 1940 s.However,improvements in salinity tolerance during modern breeding are not as obvious as that of yield.To broaden genetic diversity for increasing salt tolerance,there is a need to refocus attention on local landraces that have high degrees of salinity tolerance and carry rare favorable alleles that have not been exploited in breeding. | Shizhou Yu Jianhui Wu Meng Wang Weiming Shi Guangmin Xia Jizeng Jia Zhensheng Kang Dejun Han | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，6： | 4 |
| 15 | 基于基因分型技术的燕麦SNP标记研究显示文摘为加快燕麦分子辅助育种进程,以1981-1983年进行抗旱性鉴定的42份燕麦种质(18份低抗、13份中抗、11份高抗)和12个未鉴定的燕麦育成品种为试验材料,采用PstⅠ/MspⅠ双酶切的dd-GBS基因分型技术构建燕麦简化基因组参考序列,通过Stacks、主成分分析、Fisher Test和Blast分析研究燕麦SNP分子标记。测序结果表明,燕麦个体的高质量reads数在4 111 218~19 019 296,利用Stacks软件成功组装753 325条燕麦简化基因组参考序列,共注释74 657个群体SNP位点。主成分分析表明,燕麦SNP基因型大致聚为2簇,其中一簇主要由14份低抗种质组成,另一簇则包含全部11份高抗种质。进一步的Fisher Test差异显著性统计分析表明,相对于燕麦低抗种质材料,共有2 937个SNP标记在燕麦高抗种质材料中差异显著((错误发现率False Discovery Rate,FDR)<0. 05),其中,55个SNP标记差异极显著(FDR <0. 001)。将上述55个SNP标记所在源序列与小麦基因组序列在Phytozome数据库中进行比对(Blast)发现,14个SNP位点可能参与燕麦抗旱生物学信号通路基因的表达,其中包括参与植物激素信号转导来调控燕麦的抗逆性。通过GBS技术成功组装的燕麦简化基因组参考序列,丰富了当前燕麦的基因组数据库。通过统计学分析得到的55个SNP标记与小麦基因组数据库进行比对,结果发现,14个SNP标记将对燕麦分子辅助育种和加速育种进程具有重要的指导意义,更可为今后的燕麦种质资源大规模快速筛选奠定技术基础。 | 董艳辉 刘龙龙 温鑫 于宇凤 杨方 刘根科 崔林 曹秋芬 秦永军 | 2019 | 华北农学报2019，34，1： | 4 |
| 16 | A New PCR/LDR-Based Multiplex Functional Molecular Marker for Marker-Assisted Breeding in Rice显示文摘Marker-assisted selection or marker-aided selection(MAS)provides an effective complementary approach for conventional rice breeding with precise and speedy mobilization of target genes into elite genetic backgrounds.The targeted genes,however,may not be selected in the course of MAS due to the occasional recombination between the marker and the target gene/QTL during the many cycles of meiosis involved in breeding programs.This leads to failure in the selection of target traits(Gopalakrishnan et al,2008). | Chu Huangwei Tu Rongjian Niu Fuan Zhou Jihua Sun Bin Luo Zhongyong Cheng Can Cao Liming | 2021 | Rice science2021，28，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Genomics-assisted breeding——A revolutionary strategy for crop improvement显示文摘Food shortages arise more frequently owing to unpredictable crop yield losses caused by biotic and abiotic stresses. With advances in molecular biology and marker technology, a new era of molecular breeding has emerged that has greatly accelerated the pace of plant breeding. High-throughput genotyping technology and phenotyping platforms have enabled large-scale marker-trait association analysis, such as genome-wide association studies, to precisely dissect the genetic architecture of plant traits. Large-scale mapping of agronomically important quantitative trait loci, gene cloning and characterization, mining of elite alleles/haplotypes, exploitation of natural variations, and genomic selection have paved the way towards genomics-assisted breeding(GAB). With the availability of more and more informative genomic datasets, GAB would become a promising technique to expedite the breeding cycle for crop improvement. | LENG Peng-fei Thomas Lübberstedt XU Ming-liang | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，12： | 3 |
| 18 | 国内虹鳟代表性养殖群体的高通量SNP芯片检测及遗传分析显示文摘本研究旨在对国内虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)代表性养殖群体开展全基因组水平的遗传评估。利用57K单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)芯片,检测了来自不同地域的6个虹鳟养殖群体样本共计48尾,包括黑龙江虹鳟、黑龙江金鳟、四川虹鳟、四川金鳟、北京虹鳟和北京金鳟,共获得有效SNP位点50201个,在中国虹鳟中的多态比例达到97.7%,表明该芯片虽然基于美国和挪威虹鳟群体设计,但对中国群体同样具有良好的适用性。各群体最小等位基因频率均值为0.240~0.267,与国外主流养殖群体相近,黑龙江虹鳟、四川虹鳟和北京虹鳟群体内遗传多样性丰富,多态位点比例为83.6%~84.9%,与国外主流养殖群体相近,而黑龙江金鳟、四川金鳟和北京金鳟,多态位点比例相对较低,在60.2%~76.9%范围内。应用6个中国虹鳟群体和2个美国虹鳟群体数据开展系统发育分析、主成分分析和群体遗传结构STRUCTURE分析,结果显示8个群体可分为3个祖源类群,其中3个金鳟群体为遗传联系较紧密的一个类群,黑龙江虹鳟和北京虹鳟为一个类群,而四川虹鳟与2个美国虹鳟群体为一个类群,部分中国养殖群体中有显著离群个体存在,表明群体遗传背景不均一。本研究表明,高密度SNP芯片在我国虹鳟养殖群体遗传分析中具有广泛的应用前景,能够为种质资源评估、本土化良种培育、制种和引种工作提供基因组水平的参考信息。 | 赵紫霞 许建 白庆利 杨世勇 蒋立坤 陈葆华 Palti Yniv Gao Guangtu 徐鹏 | 2018 | 中国水产科学2018，25，3： | 2 |
| 19 | SNP-based linkage mapping for validation of adult plant stripe rust resistance QTL in common wheat cultivar Chakwal 86显示文摘Wheat crops in China are constantly challenged by stripe rust. Deployment of cultivars with diverse resistances is the best strategy to control the disease. A recombinant inbred line(RIL) population derived from a cross between the resistant cultivar Chakwal 86 and susceptible landrace Mingxian 169 was studied in multiple environments to examine the underlying genetics and to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL) for stripe rust resistance.One hundred and twenty-eight RILs were genotyped with wheat 35 K SNP array and a genome-wide linkage map with 1480 polymorphic SNP markers, or bins, was constructed.Two major QTL on chromosomes 1BL and 3BS, and one minor QTL on 6BS had significant effects in reducing stripe rust severity. The QTL were validated using composite interval mapping(CIM) and inclusive composite interval mapping(ICIM). These methods explained59.0%–74.1% of the phenotype variation in disease response. The QTL on chromosome 1 BL was confirmed to be Yr29/Lr46 and the one on 3BS was the resistance allele identified in CIMMYT germplasm but was not Yr30/Sr2. The QTL on 6BS probably corresponded to previously known QTL. RILs with combined QTL were more resistant than those with single or no QTL. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) assays for the QTL with largest effect QTL on chromosome 3BS were performed on a subset of RILs and 150 unrelated wheat lines. The QTL on 3BS with its linked KASP markers can be used in marker-assisted selection to improve stripe rust resistance in breeding programs. | Qingdong Zeng Jianhui Wu Shuo Huang Fengping Yuan Shengjie Liu Qilin Wang Jingmei Mu Shizhou Yu Li Chen Dejun Han Zhensheng Kang | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，2： | 2 |
| 20 | The role of genomic structural variation in the genetic improvement of polyploid crops显示文摘Many of our major crop species are polyploids, containing more than one genome or set of chromosomes. Polyploid crops present unique challenges, including difficulties in genome assembly, in discriminating between multiple gene and sequence copies, and in genetic mapping, hindering use of genomic data for genetics and breeding. Polyploid genomes may also be more prone to containing structural variation, such as loss of gene copies or sequences(presence–absence variation) and the presence of genes or sequences in multiple copies(copynumber variation). Although the two main types of genomic structural variation commonly identified are presence–absence variation and copy-number variation, we propose that homeologous exchanges constitute a third major form of genomic structural variation in polyploids. Homeologous exchanges involve the replacement of one genomic segment by a similar copy from another genome or ancestrally duplicated region, and are known to be extremely common in polyploids. Detecting all kinds of genomic structural variation is challenging, but recent advances such as optical mapping and long-read sequencing offer potential strategies to help identify structural variants even in complex polyploid genomes. All three major types of genomic structural variation(presence–absence, copy-number, and homeologous exchange) are now known to influence phenotypes in crop plants, with examples of flowering time, frost tolerance, and adaptive and agronomic traits. In this review,we summarize the challenges of genome analysis in polyploid crops, describe the various types of genomic structural variation and the genomics technologies and data that can be used to detect them, and collate information produced to date related to the impact of genomic structural variation on crop phenotypes. We highlight the importance of genomic structural variation for the future genetic improvement of polyploid crops. | Sarah-Veronica Schiessl Elvis Katche Elizabeth Ihien Harmeet Singh Chawla Annaliese S.Mason | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，2： | 2 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员