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| 1 | The complexities underlying age-related macular degeneration: could amyloid beta play an important role?显示文摘Age-related macular degeneration(AMD) causes irreversible loss of central vision for which there is no effective treatment. Incipient pathology is thought to occur in the retina for many years before AMD manifests from midlife onwards to affect a large proportion of the elderly. Although genetic as well as non-genetic/environmental risks are recognized, its complex aetiology makes it difficult to identify susceptibility, or indeed what type of AMD develops or how quickly it progresses in different individuals. Here we summarize the literature describing how the Alzheimer's-linked amyloid beta(Aβ) group of misfolding proteins accumulate in the retina. The discovery of this key driver of Alzheimer's disease in the senescent retina was unexpected and surprising, enabling an altogether different perspective of AMD. We argue that Aβ fundamentally differs from other substances which accumulate in the ageing retina, and discuss our latest findings from a mouse model in which physiological amounts of Aβ were subretinally-injected to recapitulate salient features of early AMD within a short period. Our discoveries as well as those of others suggest the pattern of Aβ accumulation and pathology in donor aged/AMD tissues are closely reproduced in mice, including late-stage AMD phenotypes, which makes them highly attractive to study dynamic aspects of Aβ-mediated retinopathy. Furthermore, we discuss our findings revealing how Aβ behaves at single-cell resolution, and consider the long-term implications for neuroretinal function. We propose Aβ as a key element in switching to a diseased retinal phenotype, which is now being used as a biomarker for latestage AMD. | Savannah A. Lynn Eloise Keeling Rosie Munday Gagandeep Gabha Helen Griffiths Andrew J.Lotery J.Arjuna Ratnayaka | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，4： | 6 |
| 2 | FGFR2, HER2 and cMet in gastric adenocarcinoma: detection, prognostic significance and assessment of downstream pathway activation显示文摘 | Guy Betts Helen Valentine Sue Pritchard Richard Swindell Victoria Williams Shethah Morgan Ewen A. Griffiths Ian Welch Catharine West Christopher Womack | 2014 | Virchows Archiv2014，，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Monocytes in Coronary Artery Disease and Atherosclerosis显示文摘 | Angie Ghattas Helen R. Griffiths Andrew Devitt Gregory Y.H. Lip Eduard Shantsila | 2013 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2013，，： | 1 |
| 4 | The Geographic Distribution of Production Activity in the UK 显示文摘 | Devereux M P Griffith R Helen Simpson | 1999 | The Institute for Fiscal Studies1999，，26： | 1 |
| 5 | The geographic distribution of production activity in the UK显示文摘 | Michael P Devereux Rachel Griffith Helen Simpson | 2003 | Regional Science and Urban Economics2003，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | The potato Plocus codesfor flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase显示文摘 | CHUN S J HELEN M GRIFFITHS D M | 2005 | Theoretical Applied Genetics2005，110，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Autobiographical experience and word meaning显示文摘 | Julie S. Snowden Helen L. Griffiths David Neary | 1995 | Memory (-)1995，，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Firm location decisions, regional grants and agglomeration externalities显示文摘 | Michael P. Devereux Rachel Griffith Helen Simpson | 2006 | Journal of Public Economics2006，，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Effectiveness of treatments for depression in older people 显示文摘 | Cathy J Frazer Helen Christensen and Kathleen M Griffiths | 2005 | MJA2005，，182： | 1 |
| 10 | The geographic distribution of production activity in the UK显示文摘 | Michael E Devereux Rachel Griffith Helen Simpson | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | The Geographic Distribution of Production Activity in the UK显示文摘 | Michael P Devereux Rachel Griffith Helen Simpson | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 12 | Increased uptake and new therapies are needed to avert rising hepatitis C-related end stage liver disease in England: Modelling the predicted impact of treatment under different scenarios显示文摘 | Ross J. Harris Brenda Thomas Jade Griffiths Annastella Costella Ruth Chapman Mary Ramsay Daniela De Angelis Helen E. Harris | 2014 | Journal of Hepatology2014，，： | 1 |
| 13 | The geographic distribution of production activity in the UK显示文摘 | Michael P Devereux Rachel Griffith Helen Simpson | 2003 | Regional Science and Urban Economics2003，，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Postcolonial Studies Reader显示文摘 | Bill Ashcroft Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin | 2000 | Routledge2000，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Postcolonial Studies Reader显示文摘 | Bill Ashcroft Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin | 2000 | Roudedge2000，，： | 1 |
| 16 | The role of monocytes in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease显示文摘 | Burak Pamukcu Gregory Y. H. Lip Andrew Devitt Helen Griffiths Eduard Shantsila | 2010 | Annals of Medicine2010，，6： | 1 |
| 17 | The potato P locus codes for flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase显示文摘 | Chun Suk Jung Helen M. Griffiths Darlene M. De Jong Shuping Cheng Mary Bodis Walter S. De Jong | 2005 | Theoretical and Applied Genetics2005，，2： | 1 |
| 18 | The potato P locus codes for flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase显示文摘 | Chun Suk Jung Helen M. Griffiths Darlene M. De Jong Shuping Cheng Mary Bodis Walter S. De Jong | 2005 | Theoretical and Applied Genetics2005，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | The Geographic Distribution of Production Activity in the UK 显示文摘 | Michael E Devereruxa Rachel Griffith Helen Simpson | 2004 | Regional Science and Urban Economics2004，34，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Long term follow-up of a family with GUCY2D dominant cone dystrophy显示文摘AIM: To describe long term follow-up in a family with GUCY2D dominant cone dystrophy. METHODS: Optical coherence tomography scans and fundus autofluorescence images were obtained. Flash and pattern electroretinograms(ERGs) and occipital pattern reversal visual evoked potentials were recorded. RESULTS: Two members of the same family(father and son) were identified to have the heterozygous R838 C mutation in the GUCY2D gene. The father presented at the age of 45 with bilateral bull's eye maculopathy and temporal disc pallor. Over 13 y of serial follow up visits, the bull's eye maculopathy progressed gradually into macular atrophy. Electrophysiological tests were significantly degraded suggesting poor macular function. Spectraldomain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) scans showed progressive loss and disruption of the ellipsoid layer at the foveal level. His son presented at the age of 16 with bilateral granular retinal pigment epithelial changes in both maculae. Electrophysiological testing was initially borderline normal but has gradually deteriorated to show reduced cone ERGs and macula function. SD-OCT demonstrated gradual macular thinning and atrophy bilaterally. Unlike his father, there was no disruption of the ellipsoid layer.CONCLUSION: Both family members exhibited gradual changes in their fundi, electrophysiological testing and multimodal imaging. Changes were milder than those observed in other mutations of the same gene. | Georgios Tsokolas Hussein Almuhtaseb Helen Griffiths Fatima Shawkat Reuben J.Pengelly Sarah Ennis Andrew Lotery | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，12： | 1 |
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