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| 1 | 2018 Chinese Pediatric Cardiology Society(CPCS) guideline for diagnosis and treatment of syncope in children and adolescents显示文摘Syncope belongs to the transient loss of consciousness(TLOC), characterized by a rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous complete recovery. It is common in children and adolescents, accounting for 1% to 2% of emergency department visits.Recurrent syncope can seriously affect children's physical and mental health, learning ability and quality of life and sometimes cardiac syncope even poses a risk of sudden death. The present guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of syncope in children and adolescents was developed for guiding a better clinical management of pediatric syncope. Based on the globally recent development and the evidence-based data in China, 2018 Chinese Pediatric Cardiology Society(CPCS) guideline for diagnosis and treatment of syncope in children and adolescents was jointly prepared by the Pediatric Cardiology Society, Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association(CMA)/Committee on Pediatric Syncope, Pediatricians Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association(CMDA)/Committee on Pediatric Cardiology, Chinese College of Cardiovascular Physicians, Chinese Medical Doctor Association(CMDA)/Pediatric Cardiology Society, Beijing Pediatric Society, Beijing Medical Association(BMA). The present guideline includes the underlying diseases of syncope in children and adolescents, the diagnostic procedures, methodology and clinical significance of standing test and headup tilt test, the clinical diagnosis vasovagal syncope, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, orthostatic hypotension and orthostatic hypertension, and the treatment of syncope as well as follow-up. | Cheng Wang Yaqi Li Ying Liao Hong Tian Min Huang Xiangyu Dong Lin Shi Jinghui Sun Hongfang Jin Junbao Du Jindou An Jie Chen Mingwu Chen Qi Chen Sun Chen Yonghong Chen Zhi Chen Adolphus Kai-tung Chau Junbao Du Zhongdong Du Junkai Duan Hongyu Duan Xiangyu Dong Lin Feng Lijun Fu Fangqi Gong Yonghao Gui Ling Han Zhenhui Han Bing He Zhixu He Xiufen Hu Yimin Hua Guoying Huang Min Huang Ping Huang Yujuan Huang Hongfang Jin Mei Jin Bo Li Fen Li Tao Li Xiaohui Li Xiaoyan Liu Yan Li Haitao Lv Tiewei Lv Zipu Li Luyi Ma Silin Pan Yusheng Pang Hua Peng Yuming Qin Jie Shen Lin Shi Kun Sun Jinghui Sun Hong Tian Jie Tian Cheng Wang Hong Wang Lei Wang Jinju Wang Wendi Wang Yuli Wang Rongzhou Wu Tianhe Xia Yanyan Xiao Chunhong Xie Yanlin Xing Zhenyu Xiong Baoyuan Xu Yi Xu Hui Yan Shiwei Yang Qijian Yi Xia Yu Xianyi Yu Yue Yuan Hongyan Zhang Huili Zhang Li Zhang Qingyou Zhang Xi Zhang Yanmin Zhang Zhiwei Zhang Cuifen Zhao Bin Zhou Hua Zhu | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，23： | 54 |
| 2 | Clinical features and management of postural tachycardia syndrome in children: a single-center experience显示文摘 | Li Jiawei Zhang Qingyou Hao Hongjun Jin Hongfang Du Junbao | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，21： | 11 |
| 3 | Autonomic Nervous Function in Vasovagal Syncope of Children and Adolescents显示文摘Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness due to global cerebral hypoperfusion, accompanied by loss of muscle tone and failure to maintain an active position. Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most common presentation of syncope, and its diagnostic criteria include:(1) absence of any other evident etiology for syncope or presyncope,(2) positive response to head-up tilt test with evident vasovagal reaction (hypotension and/or bradycardia), and (3) no concomitant chronic or acute disease [1, 2]. The onset of VVS peaks initially in childhood and adolescence, and accounts for 60%–70% of all syncopal cases. Clinicians pay great attention to syncope among children and adolescents, due to its high prevalence and its impact on patients’ quality of life. Affected individuals often experience mental stress, economic burdens, and accidental bodily injuries related to syncope [2]. While the pathogenesis of VVS is not fully understood, autonomic nervous dysfunction has been identified as a contributing mechanism. The examination of autonomic nervous function can provide important information about patients with syncope. | Chunyan Tao Chaoshu Tang Selena Chen Hongfang Jin Junbao Du | 2019 | Neuroscience Bulletin2019，35，5： | 6 |
| 4 | Immune regulation of hydrogen sulfide in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia显示文摘 | Du Shuxu Jia Yongrui Tang Hong Sun Yangling Wu Wanshui Sun Liming Du Junbao Geng Bin Tang Chaoshu Jin Hongfang | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，21： | 5 |
| 5 | Prognostic markers for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension显示文摘 | Guo Xiaomin Jin Hongfang Du Junbao | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，21： | 4 |
| 6 | Changes of atrial natriuretic peptide and antidiuretic hormone in children with postural tachycardia syndrome and orthostatic hypertension: a case control study显示文摘 | Zhao Juan Yang Jinyan Du Shuxu Tang Chaoshu Du Junbao Jin Hongfang | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，10： | 3 |
| 7 | Pediatric syncope: where are we now?显示文摘Syncope is precisely defined as a temporary loss of consciousness due to global cerebral hypoperfusion,often accompanied with loss of muscular tension and the failure to maintain active position.Pre-syncope is a state consisting of transient lightheadedness,loss of or weaker muscle tension,but not accompanied with loss of consciousness.Syncope and pre-syncope are common symptoms occurring in children and adolescents.Girls present more morbidity than boys.And patients with syncope accounted for about 1%-2% of all pediatric patients in the emergency department.1,2 Among medical students at an average age of 20 years,one survey found that about 20% of males and 50% of females reported to have syncope at least once.3 The onset of syncope greatly affects the physical and psychological health of children and adolescents,which is a research hotspot in the field of pediatric cardiology at home and abroad. | Jin Hongfang Du Junbao | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，21： | 2 |
| 8 | Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice显示文摘 | Yanfei Wang Xia Zhao Hongfang Jin Hongling Wei Wei Li Dingfang Bu Xiuying Tang Yali Ren Chaoshu Tang Junbao Du | 2009 | Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology2009，，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice显示文摘 | Yanfei Wang Xia Zhao Hongfang Jin Hongling Wei Wei Li Dingfang Bu Xiuying Tang Yali Ren Chaoshu Tang Junbao Du | 2009 | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology2009，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome with Increased Erythrocytic Hydrogen Sulfide and Response to Midodrine Hydrochloride显示文摘 | Jinyan Yang Juan Zhao Shuxu Du Die Liu Chunhin Fu Xueying Li Stella Chen Chaoshu Tang Junbao Du Hongfang Jin | 2013 | The Journal of Pediatrics2013，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Twenty-Four-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome显示文摘 | Qingyou Zhang Ying Liao Chaoshu Tang Junbao Du Hongfang Jin | 2012 | The Journal of Pediatrics2012，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Plasma Hydrogen Sulfide in Differential Diagnosis between Vasovagal Syncope and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome in Children显示文摘 | Fengwen Zhang Xueying Li Chen Stella Li Chen Ying Liao Chaoshu Tang Hongfang Jin Junbao Du | 2012 | The Journal of Pediatrics2012，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Midregional Pro-Adrenomedullin as a Predictor for Therapeutic Response to Midodrine Hydrochloride in Children With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome显示文摘 | Fengwen Zhang Xueying Li Todd Ochs Li Chen Ying Liao Chaoshu Tang Hongfang Jin Junbao Du | 2012 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2012，，4： | 1 |
| 14 | The precision and agreement of corneal thickness and keratometry measurements with SS-OCT versus Scheimpflug imaging显示文摘Purpose:To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)and Scheimpflug system and evaluate the agreement between the two systems in measuring multiple corneal regions in children.Methods:Pachymetric and keratometric maps for both systems were evaluated.Central,midperipheral and peripheral corneal thickness(CT),keratometry and astigmatism power vectors were recorded.The three outcomes yielded by the same observer were used to assess intraobserver repeatability.The differences in the mean values provided by each observer were used to evaluate interobserver reproducibility.Within-subject standard deviation,test-retest repeatability(TRT)and coefficient of variation(CoV)were used to analyze the intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility.Paired T-test and Bland-Altman were used to appraise interdevice agreement.Results:Seventy-eight eyes of 78 children were included.The CoV was≤2.12 and 1.10%,respectively,for repeatability and reproducibility.TRT and CoV were lower for central and paracentral CT measurements than for peripheral measurements.The SS-OCT device generated higher precision when acquiring CT data,whereas Scheimpflug system showed higher reliability when measuring corneal keratometry.Although the CT readings measured using SS-OCT were significantly thinner than Scheimpflug device(P<0.001),the central and thinnest CT values were still of high agreement.The interdevice agreement of keratometry measurement was high for the central corneal region and moderate for the paracentral and peripheral areas.Conclusions:The precision of CT measurements by SS-OCT was higher,while the reliability of keratometry measurements by the Scheimpflug system was higher in children.Apart from the measured values in the central corneal region,the thickness and keratometry readings should not be considered interchangeable between the two systems. | Yune Zhao Ding Chen Giacomo Savini Qing Wang Hongfang Zhang Yili Jin Benhao Song Rui Ning Jinhai Huang Chenyang Mei | 2020 | Eye and Vision2020，7，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Prognostic analysis of orthostatic intolerance using survival model in children显示文摘 | Li Yawen Li Hongxia Li Xueying Li Xiaoming Jin Hongfang | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，21： | 0 |
| 16 | The precision and agreement of corneal thickness and keratometry measurements with SS-OCT versus Scheimpflug imaging显示文摘Purpose:To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)and Scheimpflug system and evaluate the agreement between the two systems in measuring multiple corneal regions in children.Methods:Pachymetric and keratometric maps for both systems were evaluated.Central,midperipheral and peripheral corneal thickness(CT),keratometry and astigmatism power vectors were recorded.The three outcomes yielded by the same observer were used to assess intraobserver repeatability.The differences in the mean values provided by each observer were used to evaluate interobserver reproducibility.Within-subject standard deviation,test-retest repeatability(TRT)and coefficient of variation(CoV)were used to analyze the intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility.Paired T-test and Bland-Altman were used to appraise interdevice agreement.Results:Seventy-eight eyes of 78 children were included.The CoV was≤2.12 and 1.10%,respectively,for repeatability and reproducibility.TRT and CoV were lower for central and paracentral CT measurements than for peripheral measurements.The SS-OCT device generated higher precision when acquiring CT data,whereas Scheimpflug system showed higher reliability when measuring corneal keratometry.Although the CT readings measured using SS-OCT were significantly thinner than Scheimpflug device(P<0.001),the central and thinnest CT values were still of high agreement.The interdevice agreement of keratometry measurement was high for the central corneal region and moderate for the paracentral and peripheral areas.Conclusions:The precision of CT measurements by SS-OCT was higher,while the reliability of keratometry measurements by the Scheimpflug system was higher in children.Apart from the measured values in the central corneal region,the thickness and keratometry readings should not be considered interchangeable between the two systems. | Yune Zhao Ding Chen Giacomo Savini Qing Wang Hongfang Zhang Yili Jin Benhao Song Rui Ning Jinhai Huang Chenyang Mei | 2022 | Eye and Vision2022，8，5： | 0 |
| 17 | Sitting intolerance:A new disease entity in children and adolescents显示文摘Sitting intolerance refers to a series of symptoms(e.g.,dizziness,headache,blurred vision,chest tightness,nausea,abdominal pain,numbness,and syncope)induced by sedentariness or a sudden transition from a supine position to a sitting position.1,2 Many investigations regarding the pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,diagnosis,and treatment of orthostatic intolerance have been conducted in recent years,but little is known about these issues with respect to sitting intolerance among children and adolescents.Notably,sitting syncope is not rare among adults with a history of syncope.In a study of 111 adult patients,Khadilkar et al. | Yumeng Gao Hongfang Jin Junbao Du | 2022 | Pediatric Investigation2022，6，4： | 0 |
| 18 | Towards Yo-Yo attack mitigation in cloud auto-scaling mechanism显示文摘Cloud platforms could automatically scale underlying network resources up and down in response to changes in the traffic load.Such an auto-scaling mechanism can largely enhance the elasticity and scalability of cloud platforms.However,it may introduce new security threats.For example,the Yo-Yo attack is a newly disclosed attack against the cloud auto-scaling mechanism.Attackers periodically send bursts of traffic to cause the autoscaling mechanism to oscillate between the scale-up process and the scale-down process,which may result in significant performance degradation and economic loss.None of the prior work addressed the problem of mitigating such an attack.In this paper,we propose a Trust-based Adversarial Scanner Delaying(TASD)approach to effectively and proactively mitigate the Yo-Yo attack on the cloud auto-scaling mechanism.In TASD,we first propose to use the trust-based scheme to establish trust values for users,which is leveraged to identify adversarial requests.Trust values are updated by jointly considering the request mode and the auto-scaling status.Then,we aim to disable the condition under which the Yo-Yo attack takes effect by injecting certain delay,under the QoS constraints,to manipulate the response time of suspicious requests and deceive the attackers.Our extensive evaluation demonstrates that our approach achieves promising results,e.g.,it can detect at least 80%Yo-Yo adversarial users and reduce more than 41%malicious scale-ups. | Xiaoqiong Xu Jin Li Hongfang Yu Long Luo Xuetao Wei Gang Sun | 2020 | Digital Communications and Networks2020，6，3： | 0 |
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